美国跨文化模式的多元文化教师教育课程分析

在教学过程中,教师对引导学生的发展发挥着重要的作用。如果教师负责为多元文化学生创造高效的文化回应式教育体验,那么在教师教育课程中就应该培养教师与多元文化学生和谐共处的能力。随着全球化视域下多元文化教育的凸显,以及美国中小学生种族、族群、文化和语言结构的多元化日益增强,美国中小学教育更需要擅长多元文化教育的教师。针对现实中孤立的多元文化教师教育课程的设置及其低效问题,美国提倡设置基于全球观培养教师跨文化能力的多元文化教师教育课程,使教师具有广泛的多元文化知识基础、态度,形成持续的跨文化教学能力。     

美国多元文化教师教育的实施策略与启示

美国多元文化教师教育指美国教师教育领域为了培养职前和在职教师的多元文化教育能力而进行的一系列变革。美国教师教育机构主要采取两大措施开展多元文化教师教育：一是开设专门的课程,同时将多元文化教育理念渗透在整个培养方案中;二是在课程实施中采取自传和反思、基于社区的学习、文化敏感性教学等方式培养教师的多元文化教育知能。这对我国民族地区教师教育的启示是：要重视民族地区教师教育的特殊性,充分挖掘和培育多元文化教师教育资源,为教师提供跨文化体验的机会,强化自主反思与探究。     

流变与走向:美国教师教育课程的检视

理性审视美国教师教育课程的历史和现状可以发现,虽然美国教师教育课程已经走在了世界的前列,但是,仍然存在着实践课程效能不高、课程板块缺乏融合以及多元文化课程不被重视等问题。针对这些境况,美国教师教育正从加强大中小学合作、促进课程知识融合和开设多元文化课程等方面进行改革。     

美国基础教育社会科中的多元文化教育及其启示——基于《美国国家社会科课程标准》的分析

多元文化教育是美国基础教育社会科教育的重要内容.美国社会科课程中的多元文化教育内容丰富、形式多样,其课程设计体现了课程全球化、课程的本土化、课程的个别化的"三重化"过程.给我们启示是课程设计权利交给学校和教师,以多元文化角度开发课程,真正体现以学生为中心的课程设计理念;课程衔接体现多元文化教育目标的循序渐进化,始终贯彻社会科课程目标的宗旨要求;始终关注渗透民族的多元文化教育理念意识.     

美国教师教育中的多元文化“服务学习”

美国教师教育中的多元文化服务学习是适应现实的需要和应对未来挑战的一项重要举措。教师教育中多元文化服务学习的方式主要有:服务学习融入教师教育培养方案、多元文化教师教育课程、教育见习和教育实习中。教师教育中多元文化服务学习的特征是:采取各种措施促进多元文化服务学习;重视多元文化服务学习中的反思;多元文化服务学习取得了一定的成效。     

为多元文化社会培养教师:美国教师教育历久弥新的主题

如何为适应中小学课堂的文化多样性、实现教育平等和社会正义而培养合格教师,是当代美国多元文化教师教育研究的核心议题,诸如招收更多具有多元文化背景的师范生、丰富多元文化教师教育课程体系、增加教育实践场所的文化多样性以及教师教育者自觉示范等实践创新亦蔚然成风。面对多元文化教师教育发展中的困难,研究者呼吁组织、课程和个人等多层面的变革,开展高水平合作研究,建设多元文化教师教育学科。     

为多元文化社会培养教师:美国教师教育历久弥新的主题

如何为适应中小学课堂的文化多样性、实现教育平等和社会正义而培养合格教师,是当代美国多元文化教师教育研究的核心议题,诸如招收更多具有多元文化背景的师范生、丰富多元文化教师教育课程体系、增加教育实践场所的文化多样性以及教师教育者自觉示范等实践创新亦蔚然成风.面对多元文化教师教育发展中的困难,研究者呼吁组织、课程和个人等多层面的变革,开展高水平合作研究,建设多元文化教师教育学科.     

美国多元文化课程目标研究

多元文化教育逐渐发展成为美国教育实践中的重要组成部分,其中实施多元文化课程至关重要,从课程目标的历史演进来看,美国多元文化课程的目标是与美国多元文化教育发展阶段相适应的。随着移民人数的增加。人口构成的日益繁杂,美国多元文化课程的发展将会受到更大的影响。     

困境与反思：对当代美国多元文化教育的再认识

美国多元文化教育是多元文化主义在教育领域内的一种体现。美国多元文化教育发展至今,已逐渐被社会所接受并日益受到重视。现如今,多元文化教育虽然取得了一定成功,但是依然面临来自政策、中小学执行、课程与教师培训问题的困扰。     

美国多元文化教育课程改革之核心问题

知识建构是美国多元文化教育课程改革的核心。五种知识类型综合发挥作用促进美国多元文化教育的课程改革。提出权力共享模式可作为美国多元文化教育课程知识选择的途径。     

美国高校的多元文化教育

本文从分析多元文化教育理论入手,从社会历史背景、高等教育大众化的影响以及大学生群体的变化三个方面剖析了美国高校多元文化教育产生的背景,并且进一步论述了多元文化教育课程设计的原则和目标以及对老师的要求。随着各个族裔移民的不断增加,他们必将进一步促进美国文化的多样化发展。同时,美国大学中的多元文化教育也将会得到进一步地完善。     

Parranda,pasiÓn y vida de Punta Alegre: Desde la cÁmara de Enrique de la Uz [Translation and Summary of Enrique de la Uz: FotografÍas by Reynaldo Gonzalez]

There is a paucity of research describing the needs and concerns that teachers of color present to multicultural teacher preparation. In this essay the author reviews the research on multicultural teacher preparation to uncover research practices that make teachers of color invisible. In this analysis, it is contended that this body of research has created a discontinuity between the principles of?multicultural education, multicultural teacher education, and current efforts to diversify the teaching force.     

Administrative support in initiating transformations: A perspective of an African American female

African American females need to develop alliances with White administrators to transform policies and practices to assist these female faculty members in becoming successful and productive professors at predominantly White research universities. Strategies for White administrators and other powerful White faculty members, and African American females are delineated in this article. In addition, illustrations of courses, activities, and programmatic changes in one college are included.Mary M. Atwater is an associate professor in the Department of Science Education at the University of Georgia. She holds a B.S. in chemistry from Methodist College in Fayetteville, North Carolina; an M.A. (M.S.) in organic chemistry from the University of North Carolina; and, a Ph.D. in science education from North Carolina State University, Raleigh. Her research interests include African American learning and involvement in the sciences, multicultural science teacher education, and urban education. Her teaching experiences include science education, multicultural education, and chemistry.     

Gaps or bridges in multicultural teacher education: A Q study of attitudes toward student diversity

This paper highlights Q methodology as an appropriate research technique for capturing attitudes and demonstrates the use of Q method to study the attitudes of preservice teachers and teacher educators toward student diversity. A total of 43 participants from a comprehensive American university sorted 47 Q-statements. Two array groups emerged that indicate both consensual and divided attitudes toward student diversity. The study results indicate opportunities for both preservice teachers and teacher educators to find and create bridges to understand gaps in attitudes toward student diversity, which may help improve the effectiveness of multicultural teacher education.     

VOICES IN EDUCATION: ACCOUNTABILITY IN TEACHER EDUCATION AND THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON TEACHER QUALITY

Abstract

This article explains several reasons why multicultural preservice teacher education is important and suggests some ways it can be better accomplished. The authors make a strong case for teacher education programs to be more deliberate about preparing European Americans to teach ethnically diverse students of color. They argue that this explicit professional preparation is needed because of the increasing racial, cultural, and linguistic divide between teachers (predominately European American) and K–12 students (increasingly from ethnic groups of color). Two other factors underscore the need for more multicultural teacher education: the fear of diversity and the resistance to dealing with race and racism frequently expressed by students enrolled in teacher education programs. To overcome these problems and better prepare preservice teachers to work effectively with ethnically diverse students the authors suggest a two‐part program of professional development.     

An Examination of Black Science Teacher Educators’ Experiences with Multicultural Education, Equity, and Social Justice

Diversity, multicultural education, equity, and social justice are dominant themes in cultural studies (Hall in Cultural dialogues in cultural studies. Routledge, New York, pp 261–274, 1996; Wallace 1994). Zeichner (Studying teacher education: The report of the AERA panel on research and teacher education. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, pp 737–759, 2005) called for research studies of teacher educators because little research exists on teacher educators since the late 1980s. Thomson et al. (2001) identified essential elements needed in order for critical multiculturalism to be infused in teacher education programs. However, little is known about the commitment and experiences of science teacher educators infusing multicultural education, equity, and social justice into science teacher education programs. This paper examines twenty (20) Black science teacher educators’ teaching experiences as a result of their Blackness and the inclusion of multicultural education, equity, and social justice in their teaching. This qualitative case study of 20 Black science teacher educators found that some of them have attempted and stopped due to student evaluations and the need to gain promotion and tenure. Other participants were able to integrate diversity, multicultural education, equity and social justice in their courses because their colleagues were supportive. Still others continue to struggle with this infusion without the support of their colleagues, and others have stopped The investigators suggest that if science teacher educators are going to prepare science teachers for the twenty first century, then teacher candidates must be challenged to grapple with racial, ethnic, cultural, instructional, and curricular issues and what that must mean to teach science to US students in rural, urban, and suburban school contexts.     

美国大学的多元文化教育及其启示

在全球化时代,美国社会越来越意识到多元文化教育的重要性。多元文化教育不仅可以满足全球化的政治、经济、文化的需要,而且也是国际教育不可忽视的一个方面。因此,多元文化教育在当今美国大学教育中起着不可忽视的作用,其课程设置及实施途径启示我们去思考多元文化教育与语言教育的关系,以及我国大学教育的文化责任。     

欧洲一体化进程中的外语教师教育

外语教师教育是欧洲实现多元化发展战略目标的重要内容之一,也是欧洲一体化进程中的重要挑战。《21世纪欧洲外语教师教育纲要》总结了欧洲在促进外语教师流动性、开展外语教师专业资格认证、外语师资培养和学校教育政策规划方面的经验。     

Where are the “People Like me”?: A Collaborative Autoethnography of Transnational Lives and Teacher Education in the U.S.

ABSTRACT

Global multicultural teacher education courses and programs have made claims to offer Prospective Teachers (PSTs) a global understanding of diversity and multiculturalism. However, there is very little research that has examined the classroom experiences of PSTs and teacher educators. Drawing on a collaborative autoethnography, this article explores the ways our transnational identities shaped our experiences (as a PST and a teacher educator) in a global teacher education course focused on diversity and multiculturalism. We were guided by the following research question: How do we, as South Asian transnational migrants, experience the curriculum of a global multicultural education course in the United States? We found that the curricular nationalism within multicultural education courses often negates any critical engagement with the influence of transnationalism on immigrants and their educational experiences. Transnational migrants are expected to translate their experiences, cultural practices, and life ways to fit into the container of the U.S. nation-state. Furthermore, there was a visible absence of narratives and research about transnational lives and identities in the course curriculum. As teacher education programs prepare PSTs to enter classrooms with growing immigrant populations, it is important that we attend to this glaring gap in both practice and research.     

培养文化敏感型教师:多元文化教师教育的议题与挑战——美国哥伦比亚大学师范学院A.Lin.Goodwin教授访谈

学校中儿童的日益多样化,使得教师教育必须帮助新教师理解如何与各种文化背景的学生打交道。教师不能想当然地假设每一个孩子都有相似的经历和体验,而要对学生的差异性保持清醒的意识和文化的敏感。多元文化教育更大的使命,是要确保教育实践的公平性,履行教育助推社会公正的使命。因此,为社会公正培养"文化敏感型教师",成为多元文化教育的核心议题。文化敏感型教师尽最大努力确保所有学生学业成功,帮助学生发展批判和质疑精神,培养学生改变社会的意识和能力。文化敏感型教师的概念使我们超越了对多元文化教师教育的肤浅定义,将多元文化教师教育指向这样的方向:教育是具有政治意义的活动,是每一个孩子都应该获得的权利。多元文化教师教育并非是让学生了解某个或某些少数民族那么简单,而是要培养师范生对个体差异性进行持续探究的能力。