新闻理论体系:问题、反思与建构

“新闻理论体系”问题正成为20世纪90年代以来一直持续到目前的学术热点问题。这个问题背后的动力机制是对传统新闻理论建构方式(自然思维方式下的板块式模式)的不满和对更具普世性、学理性和逻辑性的新闻理论体系的追求。目前这种探索主要体现为直接使用传播学的结构性、过程性思维来建构。这种探索的路径固然有其启发的意义和价值,但却容易模糊新闻学本身的学科特质。依据新闻学主体性、理想性、实践指向性的学科特质,本文认为新闻理论的核心部分应包含新闻本质论、新闻关系论、新闻理想论三大部分。     

The subjects of the world’s books: A further examination of Unesco’s book production statistics

The Unesco Statistical Yearbook includes in its annual volumes tables reporting the number of books published by countries in subject classes according to the UDC classification system. These statistics are examined to assess global trends in subjects areas such as pure, social, medical, and applied sciences, and literature. Data from Asia, Latin America, Africa, and North America are found to be highly inconclusive due to nonreporting patterns. Data from Europe and the USSR are more comprehensive. According to these data, social science titles form the largest percentages of the world's production, followed by applied sciences and literature. Overall, literature and medical science titles appear to be increasing in production faster than other subject areas. Gretchen Whitney is an assistant professor at the Graduate Library School of the University of Arizona and author ofLanguage Distribution in Databases. She teache in the fields of information science and information policy.     

高校图书馆引进其他学科专业人才的必要性及障碍分析

文章从三方面论证了信息时代的高校图书馆引进其他学科专业人才的必要性和迫切性,分析了这一进程将遇到的障碍,并给出了前瞻性的解决策略.     

正确的定向与定位:图书馆生存与发展的保证--以牡丹江市图书馆的实践为例

任何社会组织或社会机构,都有它特定的性质、职能与任务.这种特定的性质、职能与任务,是人们对它进行决策、管理和价值取向的根本依据.公共图书馆作为一种社会组织,它所特有的性质、职能与任务,无疑也是对其进行决策、管理与价值取向的前提与出发点.如果违背这种特定的性质、职能与任务的规定去决策、去管理,其结果必然为图书馆作出错误的定向与定位,从而导致图书馆的畸形发展,甚至有可能把某一图书馆推入绝境.牡丹江市图书馆(以下简称"牡图")近10年的发展历程就深受这种错误定向与定位之"苦".     

文献共被引和关键词共现视角的情报学可视化分析

以CSSCI为数据源,从文献的年度分布、地区分布、基金资助和期刊分布等方面,对我国2000～2010年间8 747篇情报学论文进行统计与分析。同时利用CiteSpace Ⅱ软件绘制了文献共被引和关键词共现知识图谱。结果表明:严怡民的《情报学概论》和邱均平的《文献计量学》等是情报学的奠基性文献。研究热点主要有竞争情报、信息检索和知识管理等;近三年集中在技术竞争情报、社会网络分析、h指数和知识图谱等。     

校对：出版活动不可或缺的重要因素

我国的校对工作已有两千多年的历史,校气雠的含义。早在西汉时代著名的编校家刘向就给予了明确的界定。他认为:“一人读书,校其上下,得缪误,为校;一人持本,一人读书,若冤家相对,为雠。”刘向的定义,鲜明而形象,古代的编校合一是与出版生产力水平相适应的,随着纸和印刷术的发明,改变了出版手段,出版生产力逐渐发展,编校工     

Myth and Photography in Advertising: A Semiotic Analysis

For 18 years, Kohler's "As I See It" ad campaign has delivered romanticized and fantasized portraits of high-end kitchen and bath fixtures. Drawing from semiotic and psychoanalytic theories and critical frameworks, this article examines 4 advertisements created by surrealist photographer Hugh Kretschmer. The visuals embody symbols, metaphors, and mythic allusions as signs of a transformative relationship between female models and products, connoting referents of human commodification, self-alienation, sexual activity, and desire. The study calls for public relations stewardship to act as a gatekeeper for ambiguous or unintended visual messages in corporate advertising.     

Initiatives and Referenda in Michigan: A Research Guide

SUMMARY

Initiatives and referenda are a key part of the democratic process in Michigan, but they are one of the most difficult types of legal materials to research. This guide provides an overview of the history of the I&R process in Michigan, a general outline of how the process works, and a selected list of resources, both primary and secondary, that provide valuable information for researchers seeking to explore this important part of Michigan's legislative system.     

何为与为何——试论中国近代慈善公益事业

近代慈善公益事业与慈善理念紧密相连,蕴涵顾恤同类的善心理念,在着手特殊人群之时,更着眼于公共利益,图谋整个社会的发展,形形色色的慈善公益活动,均体现出为全体社会成员谋利益的时代特征。     

Initiative and Referendum Process in Idaho: A Research Guide

SUMMARY

This article is intended to be used as a starting point for those researching statutes either proposed or passed via the initiative or referendum process. A brief history of I&R in Idaho is followed by an annotated list of research resources to use when studying Idaho I&R.     

OCLC in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Chronology

ABSTRACT

From one library in 1995 to 884 in 2008, the number of Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) libraries in Latin American and the Caribbean has grown significantly. They are presently active in 27 countries and territories. The following chronology highlights not only the significant achievements since 1997 that OCLC has made in providing products and services to the region but also the contributions the libraries in the region have made to OCLC in providing input and advice to the governance and product development.     

Libraries and Distance Education in Nigerian Universities: A Revisit

The emergence of the system of open and distance education is an inevitable development in the evolution of education internationally. With the increasing popularity of distance education, focus has turned to the role of libraries in the distance learning process. The library is an important tool for individuals' intellectual development. Academic libraries contain resources for research, teaching, and learning. This paper examines the efforts being made by Nigerian university libraries to fulfill the information needs of distance education students in their respective institutions.

This study was carried out in four Nigerian universities running distance education programs. The questionnaire method was used for data collection. The respondents used in this study were randomly selected from the distance learning (DL) students of the universities under study. It was discovered that DL students were not adequately catered for as far as the use of library resources is concerned. A student could graduate without having used libraries. The study recommends that adequate planning and financing should be made for DL students to be able to make use of the libraries and information resources. It adds that this would enhance their critical thinking and also enhance their degree of exposure to existing knowledge.     

Public television in 1976: A projection of station operation and costs

Periodically, technology develops what is touted as a new medium which makes all others obsolete. Television was going to erase radio, tape was going to do away with disc recordings, and quadrasonic sound will do away with stereo which in turn replaced monaural recording methods. Getting the most attention on these lines now is cable television and the competing methods of home video recording—cartridges, cassettes, videodiscs etc. In the following article, Mr. Christians, a Ph.D. candidate in communications at the University of Illinois, suggests that the so‐called home video “revolution” is really nothing of the kind—but rather more of the same content and controlling interests merely wrapped in different garb.     

REVIEW AND CRITICISM: BOOK REVIEWS: Crosley and WLW: A Broadcasting Legacy in Review

A one week sample of prime time television (8-11 p.m.) for ABC, CBS, Fox, and NBC was constructed to represent broadcast entertainment programming for 1996. In a systematic content analysis/ the frequencies and attributes of ethnic minority and majority characters were documented, with particular attention to Latinos and their interactions with other TV characters. This study's findings update the current status of minority portrayals and identify prevalent attributes of minority portrayals that may impact viewer perceptions.