Maintaining and Sharing a Haudenosaunee Identity: Onondaga Collective Memory and Social Media

In this article, I survey the Onondaga Nation's social media outlets in the light of collective memory theory. The article identifies several core topics of the nation's identity narratives which, all together, are perceived as an expression of Onondaga functional memory. The role of wampum belts as medial cues to that memory is highlighted as well as the role of social media in the struggle against the negative effects of native media invisibility.     

美国公共图书馆“中心馆-分馆”体系溯源

美国公共图书馆"中心馆-分馆"体系较为发达,有其自身发展的历史因素,而科学合理的运行,可持续发展的空间则主要依托多样的分馆类型和科学合理的组织模式,得益于较为健全的图书馆法规和标准的保障、责权分明的董事会管理制度以及社会力量的推动和政府的管理指导。图4。参考文献14。     

Public Radio at a Crossroads: Emerging Trends in U.S. Public Media

While useful in establishing U.S. public media, the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 is an imperfect instrument for moving public radio to a secure future. Policies governing public broadcasting are insufficient to address the economic, political, social, and technological changes upending media organizations, both commercial and non-commercial. The urgent need is for more flexible structural arrangements as public radio and public television stations merge, partner with non-profit media entities, and seek funding that builds on the strength of the local public radio network as well as responds to the demand for imaginative, on-demand content from national networks.     

Identity Gaps of Contemporary U.S. Immigrants: Acknowledging Divergent Communicative Experiences

Through the lens of the communication theory of identity (e.g., Hecht, Collier, &; Ribeau, 1993 Hecht , M. L. , Collier , M. J. , &; Ribeau , S. A. ( 1993 ). African American communication: Ethnic identity and cultural interpretation . Newbury Park , CA : Sage . [Google Scholar]), this study examines how immigrants living in the United States negotiate multiple dimensions of their identities. A thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with 17 immigrants from 16 countries explores what identity gaps exist for immigrants in the contemporary United States. Findings suggest that several identity gaps permeate immigrants' lived experience, including personal-enacted, personal-relational, enacted-relational, communal-relational, personal-communal, and enacted-communal gaps. Specific attention is paid to how these gaps are expressed differently by different immigrants.     

The Egg: Memory and Visual Structures Within Representations of an Iconic Lebanese Ruin

The Egg is an iconic ruin in Beirut. It was once the Beirut City Centre's cinema, designed by Lebanese modernist architect Joseph Philippe Karam in 1965. This structure's use is complex and ever changing. As such, the Egg is a continuous source of discussions and depictions. This article is a textual analysis exploring visual structures within a series of 15 images of the Egg. The notion of memory is examined within each image. Memory is viewed as a phenomenon rooted in the past with a relationship to the present and the future. Contemporary representations of the Egg are a fascinating reflection related to Lebanon, the civil war, memories of today, and inquiries regarding the memories of unknown future contexts.     

欧美的公共信息管理及对我们的启示

20世纪90年代以来,欧美各国已将公共信息管理纳入国家信息基础设施建设的范畴,基本形成有利于公共信息管理顺利发展的环境。通过欧美中公共信息管理的比较,对我们的启示有:制定公共信息管理的政策法规,确保政府信息公开;动员全民参与;鼓励市场竞争;重视公共信息管理人才的培养。参考文献13。     

U.S. Public Library Outlet Internet Connectivity: Progress Issues and Strategies

The 1998 Public Library Outlet Internet Connectivity study (Bertot & McClure, 1998) sponsored by the American Library Association (ALA) and the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science (NCLIS) collected public library outlet Internet connectivity data by outlet metropolitan status, poverty, and region strata. Based on a national survey, the results show that there are disparities in public library outlet Internet connectivity, public access provision, and speed of public access Internet services. Such disparities have implications for future connectivity policy development such as the e-rate, state library-based connectivity programs, and library-initiated connectivity initiatives that this article identifies and explores. Community Access Points (CAPS), in addition to public libraries, may be necessary to reach national goals related to universal service and equality of access to the Internet.     

美国向公众提供政府信息的网络系统

本文重点研究了向公众提供政府信息资源的美国政府信息系统的形成、架构、服务内容与服务方式。     

网络信息过滤对美国公共图书馆的影响

本文分析了美国《儿童互联网保护法》及相关政策对美国公共图书馆的影响，指出安装过滤软件在美国公共图书馆引发的种种问题。     

美国公共图书馆数字参考咨询延伸服务的启示

文章运用实证研究法和案例分析的方法,研究分析了美国公共图书馆的数字参考咨询延伸服务的五个方面——"知识服务"、"咨询知识库""、在线作业辅导""、信息素养教育"以及"个性化信息传递",并提出了优化我国公共图书馆数字参考咨询延伸服务的建议。     

Newspapers' Struggles with Civic Engagement: The U.S. Press and the Rejection of Public Journalism as Propagandistic

This article examines how two factors—journalism's professionalized vigilance against co-option and its difficulty differentiating social action communications from propaganda—led to many in the press attacking public journalism as propagandistic. Sociologist Alfred McClung Lee's mid-20th century writings provide fresh explanations for how press critics conflated public journalism with propaganda. Finally, this article maintains that newspapers can improve their pertinence in a new media age by better linking citizen voices into news stories.     

关于中国公共图书馆同美国公共图书馆相比较的思考

从中国公共图书馆超过美国公共图书馆的方面、同美国公共图书馆相似的方面和与美国公共图书馆不同的方面这三个角度进行比较;通过比较,可使人们对中国公共图书馆近些年取得的成就和存在的问题有个客观的了解,同时也对美国公共图书馆的情况有所了解。     

Public Attitudes toward Polls: Evidence from the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election

This study investigates the perceived impact of election polls,focusing on the hotly contested 2000 U.S. presidential election.Survey data from 558 individuals gathered during the final daysof the election campaign are analyzed to examine beliefs thatthe polls greatly affect other voters, general views of pollsas good or bad for the country, beliefs about whether pollstersinfluence their results to come out a certain way, and supportfor banning election-night projections. Results indicate thatmost respondents felt the polls had no influence on themselveswhile still affecting others. Respondents exhibiting these ‘third-person-effect’perceptions were significantly more likely than others to believethat election polls are a bad thing for the country. Negativeperceptions of polls and beliefs that pollsters try to influenceresults were also related to general distrust of the news media.Negative views of polls in turn were associated with increasedsupport for prohibiting election-night projections. In general,the results illustrate the dependency of negative views aboutpolling on fears of untoward effects on voters, in particularthe fear that polls and election projections might lend supportto candidates opposed by the respondent.     

透视文化碰撞中的传播健康研究

美国传播健康研究以健康与医疗问题为切入点 ,直接解释全球化时代多文化身份建构的意义和存在的问题 ,并创新性地提出了具有文化敏感性的传播健康研究模型。其关注普遍性的现实问题 ,坚持进行深入专题研究的指导思想 ,无疑会给国内传播学研究者以深刻的警醒和启发。     

美日等国"电子政府"的发展动向

一、美国的电子政府２０世纪９０年代初，由副总统戈尔所领导的全国绩效评估委员会（NPR）就提出了“运用信息技术再造政府”的口号。NPR于１９９３年提出了“创造成本更少、运转更好的政府”及“运用信息技术改造政府”两份报告。美国总统克林顿在２０００年６月宣布，要在９０天内建成一个超大型网站——“第一政府网”。目的是减少“橡皮图章”，创建一个“高效率、高技术的政府”。２００１年，布什总统上台后，加速了“电子政府”的发展。就目前来看，美国的电子政府在以下方面发挥了较大的作用：一是政务公开。美国各级政府都广泛…     

美国公共图书馆活动项目案例分析

美国公共图书馆活动项目策划的内容、形式和宣传方式呈现出多样化特征,而策划模式又有一定的共同规律,活动组织方面则由项目策划委员会统一协调和管理。成功案例表明,项目策划与实施应该注意结合活动推广图书馆馆藏和服务、重视活动中的阅读推广,并倡导同外界的合作,以提高图书馆的社会影响。参考文献5。     

我国与美国、加拿大公共图书馆的差异浅析

论文从图书馆服务、资源利用率、馆员队伍、对青少年的教育功能、社会公益功能、经费及来源等六个方面对美国、加拿大与我国公共图书馆间的差异进行了比较,以期对我国公共图书馆的建设和发展起到抛砖引玉的启示作用。     

Diversity on U.S. Public and Commercial TV in Authorial and Executive-Produced Social-Issue Documentaries

Where are diverse makers and subjects most likely to be found in U.S. TV documentary? This study compares commercial and public TV series, and also anthology formats (“authorial” series) and executive-produced formats. A content analysis for characters and makers showed that public TV authorial series are more diverse than either commercial or other public TV series. Independent documentaries have diversity value both in commercial and public TV settings.