调查研究类论文中隐形学术不端行为的审核及防范——以《护理学报》为例

通过实例从使用他人原始科研数据撰写论文,发现存在受试人群样本量、抽样单位不真实,或更换调查工具但调查时间不符合逻辑和调查时间与采用的研究工具编制时间矛盾等方面问题。本文以《护理学报》为例探讨科技期刊编辑对调查研究类稿件隐性学术不端行为的审核要点,并提出防范对策和建议。对于调查研究类稿件,编辑应在稿件的初审、二审阶段进行源文献挖掘,从选题、样本量、伦理审核、调查工具选择、资料收集方法和时间、数据统计及结果分析等方面全面审核稿件的逻辑性及科学性,判断稿件是否存在潜在学术不端行为。建议科技期刊编辑部为调查研究类稿件匹配相应领域的编辑和审稿专家,期刊编辑重视加强自身学习及与稿件作者的沟通,从而有效防范隐性学术不端行为。     

科技文献中正交试验表的组合设计与编排 ——以发表在科技期刊中的文章为例

在CNKI中国知网数据库中检索了2012年1月—2013年4月涉及用正交试验方法文章的核心期刊共128种,涵盖30余个学科。分析发现:除方差分析表外,在已刊发文章中涉及正交试验的表格有6种,不同文章使用的表格数量和形式不一,至少有14种组合。剖析了不同组合表格的利弊,给出了出版用表格的合理组合和编排格式,正交试验设计应由①因素水平表、②试验设计方案及结果表、③极差分析表、④方差分析表等4个表格组合起来反映试验结果。     

Sensitivity and precision of adverse effects search filters in MEDLINE and EMBASE: a case study of fractures with thiazolidinediones

Background: Search filters have been developed in MEDLINE and EMBASE to help overcome the challenges of searching electronic databases for information on adverse effects. However, little evaluation of their effectiveness has been carried out. Objectives: To measure the sensitivity and precision of available adverse effects search filters in MEDLINE and EMBASE. Methods: A case study systematic review of fracture related adverse effects associated with the use of thiazolidinediones was used. Twelve MEDLINE search strategies and three EMBASE search strategies were tested. Results: Nineteen relevant references from MEDLINE and 24 from EMBASE were included in the review. Four search filters in MEDLINE achieved high sensitivity (95 or 100%) with an improved level of precision from searches without any adverse effects filter. High precision in MEDLINE could also be achieved (up to 53%) using search filters that rely on Medical Subject Headings. No search filter in EMBASE achieved high precision (all were under 5%) and the highest sensitivity in EMBASE was 83%. Conclusions: Adverse effects search filters appear to be effective in MEDLINE for achieving either high sensitivity or high precision. Search filters in EMBASE, however, do not appear as effective, particularly in improving precision.     

Connecting social media use with gaps in knowledge and participation in a protest context: the case of candle light vigil in South Korea

This study sheds light on the recent use of social media for protests, with the 2016 South Korean candle light vigils as the case study. An extensive amount of literature has explored social media’s potential for informing and mobilizing the public to engage in protest activities. Previous research has mainly focused on the direct effect of social media on protest engagement. Moving beyond the direct effect, this paper sought a better understanding of social media’s role in the democratic process by examining how social media affects political knowledge and protest participation, depending on an individual’s political interest level. To test these relationships, this study used survey data collected in South Korea during the mass candlelight vigils in South Korea in 2016 (N?=?922). Findings suggest that the knowledge gap narrowed amongst those with high social media use, mainly due to a greater knowledge drop for those with high political interest. On the other hand, when it comes to participation, the participation gap widened amongst those with high social media use, largely due to a greater increase in participation for those with high political interest. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

Engaging Students in Active Learning: Use of a Blog and Audience Response System

Librarians provide instruction to medical students as part of a core course in the medical school curriculum. Instruction was provided, in part, through didactic sessions covering professional-level medical information resources, PubMed search skills, psychosocial information, and evidence-based medicine. Librarians redesigned instructional sessions with the goals of increasing student engagement and minimizing the lecture format, maximizing the number of students receiving feedback on their search and evaluation skills, and permitting students to see a variety of possible responses as well as engage in peer- and self-evaluation. Librarians integrated the use of a blog and an audience response system (ARS) into the instruction to help accomplish these goals.