The politics of logic in early childhood research: A case of the brain,hard facts,trees and rhizomes

This paper engages with questions of logic and its politics to explore how those of us in early childhood education can become critical consumers of ‘brain research’. The research truths we use to construct classroom practices decide the meanings of our actions, thoughts and feelings and our interactions with children. Following Foucault (1980), I see these truths as intimately connected with power and its effects on us.     

Engagement and kindness in digitally mediated learning with teachers

This paper explores the significance of designing online learning led by the principle of direct and meaningful participant engagement. It considers the notion of kindness as a crucial value contributing to pedagogy and the development of meaningful learning relationships. The paper challenges the ‘delivery’ approach to online learning, suggesting that the flexible and explicit design of engagement opportunities from a sociocultural perspective is a more meaningful and human approach to learning online. The paper clarifies the term Digitally Mediated Learning (DML) to establish connections to important pedagogic positions. The research approach is based around a qualitative professional reflective enquiry. It considers the experiences of learners on a Masters in Education online module and concludes that design, engagement nurturing, community cohesion and kindness can become crucial aspects of successful DML, if institutions learn to value the life projects of others more fully.     

先塑性格,后筑学业

[1]杜克大学长期以来进行了一个校园计划,以支持学生进行道德反思和培养他们的个人诚实.但这种类型的教育--在今后的工作场所中是最基本的,在绝大多数高校中却明显缺乏.     

问题意识、人格特征与教育创新中的创造力培养

教育创新是时代和社会发展对学校教育提出的基本要求。然而,目前的教育现状,一方面是社会对创造性人才的渴求,一方面却是学生提不出问题,缺乏问题意识。本文从心理学的视角阐释了问题意识的概念、影响问题意识的因素、与问题意识相关的人格特征及其相互关系,基于此,我们把教学理念、教学气氛、教学过程作为创造力培养的突破口,即教学理念：从注重“学”转变为关注“问”;教学气氛：激活问题意识,增强学生提出问题的动机;教学过程：培养问题意识,提高提出问题的能力。一句话,创造力培养是教育创新的根本目标。     

Character education,new media,and political spectacle

Ontario’s new Character Development Initiative is analyzed to determine whether it can be characterized as political spectacle. Examination of official policy texts, media reports, speeches, web pages, webcasts, and events at the Character Development Symposium suggests that the Initiative contains many elements of political spectacle; however, the policy has received little coverage in traditional media. Media coverage is considered as an essential component of political spectacles. In this case, media coverage is limited to digital media produced by the Ontario government itself. This raises questions about the implications of new media forms for the theory of political spectacle. I demonstrate that digital media offer new means for bringing political spectacles to citizens and enable governments to have greater control over their content. Since political spectacles facilitated by traditional media promote the status quo and make critical analysis of public policy difficult, government‐produced digital media might put democracy at even greater risk. Alternatively, government websites post texts that can be analyzed by citizens and used to promote democracy in education. I conclude that the strategic use of language and illusions of democracy, whether brought to citizens through digital or traditional media, are essential components of political spectacle.     

干式硬态车削用PCBN刀具的研制实践

采用粉末冶金法试制干式硬态车削用PCBN刀具,并对该刀具的使用性能效果和磨损情况进行分析。结果表明：PCBN刀具制造工艺简单,成型质量好;该类刀具用于HRC〉60硬质钢的干式车削过程平稳,刀具磨损小,所加工的工件质量符合要求;该刀具磨损原因主要是氧化磨损和粘结磨损共同作用的结果。     

Depending on the kindness of strangers: current national data initiatives and developmental research

This article provides a brief review of current large-scale, longitudinal data collection initiatives focusing on children. These studies will be available for secondary data analyses in the twenty-first century. In addition to child outcome data, process-oriented information is being collected on child-parent interactions, quality of child care, elementary school teacher reports and classroom observations, accessibility and use of health, educational and social services, parental mental health, family violence, fathering, parental residence patterns, income and income sources, child support, employment patterns, and community characteristics. Several of these studies are randomized trials of the efficacy of early childhood intervention services and housing mobility programs. The usefulness of these efforts for exploring policy-relevant issues (child support enforcement, work requirements for welfare recipients, antipoverty strategies, housing subsidies and relocation, availability of child care, child-care subsidies) are discussed.     

符号的汉字与汉字的符号

通行的关于汉字性质的认定 ,如表意文字等 ,都着眼于汉字的某一特点而言 ,概括得并不全面。从汉字的社会功能、构形基础及形式的和谐、对称看 ,汉字本质应该是一种符号 ,即符号的汉字。深入分析汉字字族的谱系关系 ,对汉字进行整体研究 ,无论《说文》建立的部首 ,还是由它演变而来的检字法部首 ,又都是汉字自身的符号系统 ,是对汉字各个群体的抽绎和概括 ,是把握汉字认、读、写的科学途径     

大学文化、文化性格及其功能

大学文化作为一所大学生存过程中所形成的文化模式，有其特有的文化性格。大学文化性格是生活在大学文化区域内的绝大多数人所共同具有的带倾向性的稳定心理特征。大学文化性格具有自动自发功能、趋众定向功能和中介传导功能。     

Character education,the individual and the political

ABSTRACT

Recent critics have suggested that character education (either in and of itself or certain instantiations of it) is overly individualised and, as a result, fails to engage adequately with the political. In this paper, I offer an account of character education which takes issue with such criticisms, and seeks to make clear connections between the moral and the political necessary for character formation and expression. Drawing on an Aristotelian understanding of the political, I argue that individuals are intimately connected with their social associations, which in contemporary plural, westernised democracies include the sort of engagement with the political advocated by critics of character education. Through a focus on civic virtue and deliberative engagement, it is argued that an Aristotelian-inspired account of character addresses the precise concerns, including recognising and challenging social injustices and deliberative engagement with difference, which critics suggest are lacking from character education.     

科学探究:本质、特征与过程的思考

科学探究作为一种个体通过自主地调查和研究来认识和解释自然的活动，是以自然界为对象的，它要遵循一定的研究程序，运用各种科学方法。问题性、建构性、思维性和合作性是科学探究的基本特征。观察和提出问题、形成假设、检验求证、得出和解释结论、交流和应用等共同构成了科学探究的全过程。     

Virtue,Practical Wisdom and Character in Teaching

ABSTRACT

Recent reflection on the professional knowledge of teachers has been marked by a shift away from more reductive competence and skill-focused models of teaching towards a view of teacher expertise as involving complex context-sensitive deliberation and judgement. Much of this shift has been inspired by an Aristotelian conception of practical wisdom (phronesis) also linked by Aristotle to the development of virtue and character. This has in turn led recent educational philosophers and theorists – inspired by latter-day developments in virtue ethics and virtue epistemology – to investigate the contribution of various forms of virtue to the effective practice of teaching. In this light, the present paper undertakes further exploration of the logical geography of virtue, character and practical deliberation in teaching.     

“网络意见领袖”的特征、角色与管理

"网络意见领袖"是网络环境下的意见领袖,具有行为的真实性与身份的隐蔽性、思维的主动性与受众的质疑性、关系的平等性与来源的草根性等特征;承担着信息的传递与加工者、内容的监管者和关系的协调者、网络舆论的引导者等多重角色;加强对"网络意见领袖"的管理要做好发现与启用、教育与引导、推崇与宣传等工作。     

Development in Children With Down Syndrome: facts,findings, the future

This broad overview of progress in our understanding of Down syndrome and of the problems it presents for children affected by it was prompted by the occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the Down Syndrome Research Program at the Fred and Eleanor Schonell Special Education Research Centre, The University of Queensland. This internationally‐acclaimed program has focused on many aspects of development in Down syndrome and on how Down syndrome impacts on the lives of children and their families. Some of the many contributions the Schonell team have made to our knowledge of Down syndrome are covered in other papers in this special issue and will also be mentioned below. In evaluating the role of this work, however, it is important to put it into context. This paper therefore provides a brief‐‐and necessarily selective‐‐ account of some past and present findings from research into Down syndrome and makes some tentative suggestions as to what may be important avenues of investigation for the next generation of researchers.     

<<三字经>>与汉字识字教材

《三字经》用字 541个 ,其中见于香港小学用字表的约 4 2 7个 ,这些字最少覆盖了汉字基础知识词量中的 80 % ,对于幼童或其他初学汉语的成人 ,有重要参考价值。汉字识字有一定的规律 ,每个字都有独特的音、形、义 ,《三字经》充分考虑到这些问题 ,能充分利用儿童的学习兴趣和能力 ,具备优良儿童读物所应有的条件。《三字经》编写的理念 ,对我们今天教材的编写有借鉴作用。     

汉字的系统性与汉字认知

汉字是记录汉语的符号体系,有其自身的系统性。探求汉字的系统性,并力所能及地对其加以利用,在汉字认知上具有显而易见的意义。汉字的偏旁不但具有构形的功能,而且具有表示音义的功能,因而合体汉字偏旁之间不仅有外部结构关系,也有内部结构关系。汉字的系统性体现在形、音、义3个方面,汉字的字形系统因外在的形体联系而形成,汉字的读音系统因内在的读音联系而形成,汉字的意义系统因内在的意义联系而形成。汉字虽然繁难,但认知得法也可以化难为易,至少可以减轻难度,提高效率。所谓得法,就是了解汉字内在的系统性,然后循着汉字的系统性去进行认知。为了减轻汉字认知的难度,提高汉字认知的效率,至少可以从以下几方面作出努力:其一,以必要的汉字的理论知识为指导,提高学习者汉字认知能力;其二,以偏旁为纲,把一个个汉字放到整个系统中去学习,力求取得纲举目张的效果;其三,通过结构分析和字族字系联来培养汉字系统认知能力。