粉背蕨属一些种类的增订

Two new species of the genus Aleuritopteris (Sinopteridaceae),  A. humatifoliaX. C. Zhang et L. Shi and A. ebenipes X. C. Zhang, are described from Southern and Southwestern China. A. cremea Ching is redescribed and illustrated in the present paper. In addition, a key is also given to the species which are confused with A. cremea Ching in the genus.     

中国盾蕨属的订正研究

 本文根据近四十年来积累的丰富标本材料，对盾蕨属Neolepisorus Ching分   类的正确与否进行了研究。  本属从原来只有3个种的一个小属发展到今天的   11个种的中等属，有力地说明了我国植物资源的丰富，并从一个侧面反映了四   十年代以来我国植物分类学研完取得了巨大进展。  特别有意义的是，这个属的   许多种各自显示着形态变异的多样性，即一个种的叶型往往从正常的全缘单叶   能发展为各种不同程度的畸形分裂，对它们分类上的鉴定造成一定的困难，同  时，对他们的形态发生的研究也提供了一个新课题。     

中国耳蕨属高山耳蕨组的分类学研究

 高山耳蕨组的成员是中国西部、印度北部和喜马拉雅山区常见的蕨类。其成员为夏绿植物,叶片 薄而柔弱。秋季叶片枯萎后叶柄基部宿存在地面形成一个丛堆以保护幼芽,这显然是对高山严峻环境 的适应。作为高山地带特有类型,1972年日本蕨类学家Sigeru Daigobo将它们作为耳蕨属下的一个组 ——高山耳蕨组Sect．Lasiopolystichum Daigobo,这是合理的。Daigobo建立此组时只包含3个种,经过 对中国大量标本及有关文献的研究,现知在中国约有30种应归人此组,其中有3新种:红鳞耳蕨P．ru- fopaleaceum,石生耳蕨P.saxicola,康定耳蕨P．kangdingense;2新变种．裂叶耳蕨P．sinense var．loba- tum,条裂耳蕨P．mollissimum Var．laciniatum;1新组合,钝裂耳蕨P．integrilobum(Sorolepidium)。据羽片背面的小鳞片类型可将高山耳蕨组划分为2个系:穆坪系Ser．Moupinensia和中华系Ser．Sinensia。     

中国介蕨属孢子形态的研究

采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对国产介蕨属Dryoathyrium 14种植物及宁陕蛾眉蕨Lunathyri- um ningshenense 的孢子形态进行了观察。介蕨属孢子单裂缝，两侧对称，极面观为椭圆形，赤道面观为半 圆形或肾形。根据其周壁褶皱隆起形成的表面纹饰，介蕨属孢子可分为3种类型：第一种类型的周壁 具有网状或拟网状脊状纹饰，具此类型的种有翅轴介蕨D．pterorachis，中华介蕨D．chinense，朝鲜介蕨 D．coreanum；第二种类型的周壁具有裂片状、弯裂片状或瘤状突起，具此类型的种有介蕨D．boryanum， 陕甘介蕨D．confusum，无齿介蕨D．edentulum，鄂西介蕨D.henryi,华中介蕨D．okuboanum，川东介 蕨D．stenopteron，刺毛介蕨D．setigerum，绿叶介蕨D．viridifrons；第三类型的周壁具有刺状、不规则 棒状或乳头状突起，具此类型的种有直立介蕨D．erectum，镰小羽介蕨D．falcatipinnulum，蛾眉介蕨D． unifurcatum。宁陕蛾眉蕨的孢子形态与朝鲜介蕨D．coreanum 十分相似，支持将前者作为后者的异名的分类处理。     

中国凤尾蕨属细胞学的初步研究

本文报道了中国产10种凤尾蕨属植物和2种蕨属和栗蕨属植物的细胞学研究结果。  在凤尾蕨   属中，8种是多倍体或具有多倍体细胞型，4种是无性孢子繁殖的后代，6种实际上是种复合体或种复合   体成员，单纯有性生殖的二倍体只有2种。凤尾蕨至少具有9条孢子发生路线，在其同一个体上除了产   生二倍孢子外，还可能产生少量加倍或多倍孢子；广义的蜈蚣草实际上是个种复合体，其祖先的二倍体   细胞型广泛分布于中国亚热带地区说明这里可能是该复合体的起源中心；岩凤尾蕨具有不寻常的染色  体数目n＝55，这说明在本属和本科中可能存在着非整倍体进化。     

苍山蕨属的研究

eterachopsis was proposed by the senior author as an independent genus of the family Aspleniaceae in 1940 with 2 species.  Since then much study on its morpho- logy,  anatomy,  gametophyte and palynology has been carried out by Nayar,  Bir,  Chan- dra & Nayar and Chang et al.,  and they are of the opinion that the genus like Ceterach, is a comparatively primitive element in the family Aspleniaceae.  The queer zigzag pa- tern of cutting of lanceolate fronds appears extraordinary in the family Aspleniaceae, and also suggests its antiquity in evolution. So far only 3 species  (C.  dalhousiae,  C. paucivenosa and C. magnifica) are recognized,  the former from W. Himalayas,  also known from Africa,  while the latter two from W. S. China (Yunnan).  However,  in the past forty years the Chinese botanists have discovered 2 more species as new in N. W. Yunnan,  thus bringing the total known species of the genus up to 5.  The present paper is a brief summary on the genus Ceterachopsis,  which will be published in detail in the Flora Sinica vol. 4.       Pteridologists are also divided in their views regarding the generic status of Cete- rachopsis with 5 well-defined species in Yunnan and the East Himalayas.  We prefer to mintain it as a genus separate from Asplenium on account of its distinct morpholo- gical features.  It is to be hoped that more species may come to light in the mountainsin N. W. Yunnan through further exploration now under way.     

顶育蕨属，中国槲蕨科一个新记录属

 Photinopteris J. Sm.,  a new recorded genus of Drynariaceae, is reported in this paper. It was found in the Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve. The occurrence of Photinopteris in southern Yunnan is of phytogeographical interest,  not only  adding an important genus to the Chinese Pteridophyta flora,  but also giving a fresh piece of evidence of the closely floristic relationship between this  area  and  south-easternAsia.  It is of great value for studies of the Pteridophyta flora of Yunnan.     

中国实蕨属的分类修订

对实蕨属Bolbitis的17种植物的孢子进行了扫描电镜观察。根据孢子周壁特征,中国产实蕨属的孢子明显可分为3种类型：A型孢子具网状周壁,B型孢子具鸡冠状-波状周壁,C型孢子具平滑的波状周壁。孢子周壁特征、叶脉式样和叶片顶部的形态是实蕨属中最有价值的分类学性状。根据标本检查,结合野外调查和孢子形态观察,对中国产实蕨属的分类进行了修订,确定中国有实蕨属植物20种和3杂交种,其中包括2个新组合B. fengiana (Ching) S. Y. Dong和B. medogensis (Ching & S. K. Wu) S. Y. Dong,以及2个中国新分布B. costata Ching ex C. Chr.和B. hookeriana K. Iwats.。将B. latipinna Ching、B. media Ching & Chu H. Wang、B. yunnanensis Ching、Egenolfia crassifolia Ching、E. crenata Ching & P. S. Chiu、E. fengiana Ching、E. medogensis Ching & S. K. Wu和E. ×yunnanensis Ching & P. S. Chiu等8个名称处理为新异名。文中给出了分种检索表、每个种的生境和分布资料、大多数种的特征集要和孢子扫描电镜照片。     

中国珠蕨属的分类修订

对国产珠蕨属Cryptogramma R.Br.的分类进行了修订，承认2种1变种，即稀叶珠蕨C.stelleri（Gm l.）Prantl，高山珠蕨C.brunoniana Wall.ex Hook.&Grev.和珠蕨C.bru noniana var.sinensis（Christ）G.M.Zhang。将峨眉珠蕨C.emeiensis Ching&K.H.Shing并入高山珠蕨。同时对该属的系统位置进行了讨论。     

薄鳞蕨属(中国蕨科)植物的孢子形态研究

对薄鳞蕨属5种3变种的孢子形态进行了光镜和扫描电镜观察。该属植物的孢子明显地分为两种类型：薄叶薄鳞蕨和杜氏薄鳞蕨的孢子为近球形，周壁为鸡冠状或拟网状纹饰；而华北薄鳞蕨、华西薄鳞蕨和绒毛薄鳞蕨的孢子为四面体状球形，周壁表面近光滑。第一种类型的孢子也存在于粉背蕨属，因此薄鳞蕨属和粉背蕨属的关系仍需进一步的研究。     

薄鳞蕨属(中国蕨科)一新组合

承认中国蕨科薄鳞蕨属的独立性，把喜马拉雅地区分布的Cheilanthes duthiei 新组合到了该属。     

薄鳞蕨属的分类研究

在野外考察和室内标本研究的基础上，对薄鳞蕨属（中国蕨科）的分类进行了研究。 将2种 (华西薄鳞蕨和察隅薄鳞蕨) 和2变种（大叶薄鳞蕨和宽叶薄鳞蕨）进行了归并处理， 承认该属有4种1变种。     

鳞毛蕨属的生物系统学研究

At the outset the paper begins with a brief discussion of the geographical origin of the genus Dryopteris. With the cytological data so far available the author presumed that the No- rthern Hemisphere and possibly Eurasia is the geographical origin of the genus and that the Eastern Himalayas, China and Japan is the centre of speciation of the genus, and thence has spread to other continents along several routes. He is also of the opinion that the genus  tends to evolve the highest grade of polyploidy where it has existed longest. On the other hand, he pointed out that the production of polyploids may occur most frequently in response to pressures which a group meets in the course of its migration in space and time, with  the  majority  of diploids persisting as relics close to the original centre of diversification.       He then described the progress of the biosystematics of the European and North American Dryopteris, which has been undertaken through a close cooperation among botanists, cytologists and phytochemists of different nations. This team is also looking forward to a cooperation with the Chinese botanists in the study of East Asian species of Dryopteris, so that the relationships of Chinese species and those of other floras can be understood.       The term biosystematics had been invented to mean experimental studies of breeding sy- stems of the species concerned in order to ellucidate their evolutionary relationships.  It stems from the early researches of Professor Irene Manton whose classical book “Problems of Cytology and Evolution in the Pteridophyta” (1950) laid the foundation of Biosystematics. Manton was also the first to introduce the acetocarmine squash  method for staining  chromosomes  in  the spore-mother-cells at meiosis.       The lecture was illustrated with diagrams showing in detail the pairing behaviour of the chromosomes at the metaphase in meiosis and the formation of the polyploidies of different levels.       Besides cytological approach two other techniques have been also applied to the systematic studies of Dryopteris. The first is the comparison of sporoderms  using the scaning  electron microscope, revealing different ornamentations on the pericine. The second is the study of plant chemistry, in particular, that of the phloroglucinoles by thinlayer chromatography.       The remaining far greater part of the paper is devoted to analysing cytologically the Eu- ropean and North American species of Dryopteris in three groups, showing the lines of experi-mental work that has resulted in the understanding of their evolutional relationships.     

中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅲ.金星蕨科1.毛蕨属

利用扫描电镜对中国产毛蕨属51种植物孢子形态进行了研究。结果表明：该属孢子为单裂缝，两侧对称，极面观为椭圆形，赤道面观为肾形，由周壁形成表面纹饰。表面纹饰可分为3种类型：(1)周壁具流苏状的翅状纹饰，表面有突起或穿孔，有19种属于此类型；(2)鸡冠状纹饰，有11种属于此类型；(3)刺状纹饰，有10种属于此类型。另外有11种具有上述纹饰的混合纹饰，被认为是中间类型。孢子的形态特征可作为该属的分类学和孢粉学研究的资料。