晚明男色小说及其文化价值

晚明社会,随着封建王朝的腐朽没落、商品经济的快速发展及启蒙思潮的风起云涌,社会风气也由明初的清肃淳厚逐渐演化为晚明的浇薄儇巧,人欲得到充分张扬,情色文学大行其道,并且集中涌现出一批男色小说.这些小说虽然在文化品位及书写技巧上有高下之别,但从各个角度形象全方位反映了晚明社会盛行的男娼之风,填补了中国通俗世情小说中男风小说的空缺,并且如实传递了士人阶层对待男风的复杂文化心态.     

明末男色靡行的表现和成因

研究明末男色靡行的成因不仅是十分必要的,而且具有很高的价值。由于诸多因素的影响,对于在明后期出现的这样一种特殊的社会现象尚未有详细的说明与分析。本文旨在通过分析明末男色风靡的表象,找出造成当时这种社会风气的根源。     

"忙处"与"闲处"——晚明官场形态与江南"园林声伎"风习之兴起

本文是对晚明戏剧文化的一个角度独特的考察.本文认为:晚明江南"园林声伎"风习之兴起,与其时政治环境和官场形态殊有关系.正是基于对末世政治的失望和回避,不少江南士大夫做出了从政事到艺事、从"忙处"到"闲处"的人生选择,他们从官场撤身,退隐园林流连声伎,"园林声伎"故而既为时代的潮流,也为时代的病症.     

张岱小品文"西湖情结"管窥

张岱总是以“梦忆”、“梦寻”的形式,反映晚明时期的风俗习惯、世态人情,表现时代的沧桑,表现他自己感情和心态的变迁。他的西湖小品文,则是他心声的自然流露与心灵的自由创造,并使得晚明小品焕发出最后的光辉。     

晚明的商业发展与社会变迁

晚明是中国古代社会急剧变化的时代,商业异常繁荣,社会思潮活跃,是古代社会商业发展的关键时期。伴随着晚明社会商业的发展,不可避免地带来了晚明社会的变迁,而首当其冲的要算思想变迁。新＂四民观＂和＂工商皆本＂思想接连出现,促使大量人员加入商人群体,文人学士的加入使晚明社会的从商风气日重,导致晚明社会的商业化和世俗化,人们欲望的极度膨胀,社会生活走向糜烂,促使晚明社会在极不正常的情况下转型,这也是晚明社会走向灭亡的一个重要因素。     

超越于"三教归儒"的李贽

李贽的思想是丰富复杂的,他具有非常突出的尊孔崇儒的一面,又清醒地看到理学家把孔学儒教神秘化权威化,以扼杀人性、维护专制统治的残酷和虚伪,因此又坚决反孔批儒;他出家落发,但又倡导三教归儒;李贽的思想亦儒亦道亦佛,又非儒非道非佛。李贽复杂多元的思想,受陆、王"心学"理论的影响和启发,却以其强烈的战斗性和鲜明的人本精神而成为"异端",成为晚明思想解放思潮的先驱。     

"小女人散文"与晚明小品文

晚明小品文是中国历史上创作个人化的一个高潮，它在许多方面与“小女人散文”的个性化写作有相通之处。后人对晚明小品文的评价多从艺术角度加以肯定，而对其蕴含的知识男性生活意识和生存方式给以忽略，而对“小女人散文”则带有负面的性别审美倾向。该文在论述这一文学现象后，认为女作家“女”性意识的客体化在“小女人散文”遭受不公平评价中应负有责任。     

论晚明社会转型对艺术观念的影响

晚明社会转型对艺术观念产生重大影响。政治转型导致大一统政治体制和文化权威的式微,为艺术的恢复和发展释放更多空间;经济转型引发社会整体性变迁和根本性转变,促进了平民文化的繁荣和城市文化生态的形成;文化转型促成宽松的人文环境和蓬勃的文艺思潮,孕育了晚明时期特有的艺术本性和时代精神;虚浮空疏的时代风尚导致传统价值体系解体和审美意识重大变迁;文人心态的转向对审美情趣、艺术观念和创作产生直接而深远影响。     

"两拍"与晚明重商风气

"两拍"描写了晚明商业活动的诸多方面,揭示了从商者的进步商业观,充满着浓郁的重商风气,展示了商人的精神风貌.     

董其昌“以禅入书”思想浅析

董其昌作为晚明禅风兴盛时期的重要引领者,在晚明多元的文化思潮中,其理论创见和艺术实践,多由禅而发,并借以体现艺术风格和内在的精神气质。通过"以禅入书"思想进行书法的探究正是董其昌毕生的学书之路,他的书法风格和思想与禅息息相关,彼此汲取力量,对晚明及以后产生了深远的影响。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.