Primary and secondary teachers’ conceptions about heritage and heritage education: A comparative analysis

This study describes and analyses the conceptions of primary teachers and secondary teachers of Physics–Chemistry, Biology–Geology and Geography–History with respect to the concept of heritage and its teaching and learning, taking the model of teacher-researcher as the theoretical referent. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire, designed on the basis of categories that in turn were used for the analysis of the resulting data. The results show a high degree of homogeneity in pedagogic content knowledge, in contrast to the heterogeneity of the conceptions with respect to purely content knowledge.     

Universal secondary education in Uganda: The head teachers’ dilemma

Uganda has received considerable international attention for being the first and, to date, only African country to adopt a policy of free universal secondary education (USE). However, the policy was adopted with little attention to system capacity or involvement of secondary head teachers, even though there is considerable research documenting the importance of school leaders in promoting or blocking education reform efforts. This study investigated the extent to which Uganda secondary school leaders support USE policy, the extent they think USE is being implemented successfully, and the extent they believe they have the knowledge and skills needed in USE implementation. To understand the role of head teachers in the move to USE in Uganda, it is necessary to understand the political context in which it was adopted and the conditions under which it was implemented.     

Preservice and inservice teachers’ perceptions of appropriateness of teacher self-disclosure

This study investigated preservice and inservice teachers' perceptions of appropriateness of teacher self-disclosure. A sample of 180 preservice teachers and 135 preK-12 teachers participated in the study. Results showed statistically significant differences between the groups of teachers in their perceptions of appropriateness of teacher self-disclosure in the three dimensions: Uncommon Topics, Uncommon Purposes, and Consideration of Students. No significant differences were found in the two dimensions: Common Topics and Common Purposes. This study makes an excellent contribution to the theoretical framework of the study of teacher self-disclosure and also provides implications for teaching and teacher education.     

Pre‐service teachers’ beliefs about inclusive education in the Netherlands: An exploratory study

Teachers’ beliefs are crucial to the success of inclusion programmes and reform efforts for children with special educational needs (SEN). Based on this evidence, one hundred and thirty‐nine primary pre‐service teachers from one training institution in the Netherlands completed an adapted version of a measure of beliefs towards inclusive education. In contrast to previous studies on pre‐service teachers, results of this study showed participants held neutral or negative beliefs towards this matter. In addition, limited time for pupils received the highest rating as a barrier to inclusion, whereas direct teaching experience was the most preferred method of inclusion. The implications of this study for practice and indications for future research are discussed.     

An investigation on value orientations,attitudes and concern towards the environment: the case of Turkish elementary school students

Environmental attitudes depend on the relative importance that individuals attach to themselves, other people, or all living things. These distinct bases have been found to predict environmental concern, and may act as statistically significant determinants of pro-environmental behaviours. We claim that examining the complex nature of value orientations and concern levels among elementary school students as well as the interrelationships between these attributes could guide researchers and educators in Turkey. This study aimed (1) to explore Turkish elementary students’ ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes, and environmental apathy; (2) to investigate their egoistic, altruistic and biospheric value orientations as well as their environmental concerns; (3) to examine relationships among environment-related attributes and (4) to determine the role of gender on these attributes. Participants seemed to be highly concerned and held favourable ecocentric attitudes. Furthermore, students with higher levels of anthropocentric attitudes tended to exhibit higher levels of environmental apathy, and those expressing biospheric concerns held lower levels of egoistic concerns. The findings suggest that girls were significantly more concerned about environmental problems and tended to value nature more for its own sake than boys.     

Influence of Taoism on teachers’ definitions of guidance and discipline in Hong Kong secondary schools

This article examines how Hong Kong secondary school teachers define caring and the strategies they adopt for behaviour management. The influence of Taoism, emerging as a theme from the data, was prominent, as its principles were incorporated into the teachers’ knowledge of caring. The findings illuminate the influence of Taoism in local schools. Implications for the promotion of culturally responsive programmes of caring are drawn.     

“Love, love, and more love for children”: exploring preservice teachers’ understandings of caring

The development of an ethic of care is seen as a central concern of teacher education, however little attention has been paid to the preconceived conceptions of caring held by preservice teachers. In this article we share the results of a recent study of a group of preservice elementary teachers in which we examined the understandings of the relationship of caring and teaching brought by these novices to their first field placement experiences. Rather than seeing our students’ partial and limited understandings as problematic, we argue that the student teachers’ preconceptions can be an ideal starting point for productive, educative dialogue about caring and elementary school teaching practice.     

Prospective classroom teachers’ metaphorical images of selves and comparing them to those they have of their elementary and cooperating teachers

Currently, it is strongly suggested that our thought processes are largely metaphorical in nature. Indeed, the metaphors we use not only represent the way we perceive the world and reality but also shape our professional ideas, attitudes, and practices. This study employs metaphor as a means of research to provide insights into the images prospective classroom teachers have of themselves as future teachers (i.e., professional self-images), their elementary teachers (i.e., former classroom teachers), and their cooperating teachers (i.e., supervisors of student teaching practices). Data for this study were gathered through the administration of a Likert-style questionnaire consisting of 20 metaphorical images of “classroom teacher” to 363 exit level elementary teacher education students enrolled in the Faculty of Education of Selcuk University in Turkey during the 2002–2003 academic year. Results indicate that the teacher candidates in this study appear to be less teacher-centered and more student-centered than their both elementary and cooperating teachers. Also, female teacher candidates appear to be less teacher-centered and more student-centered than their male peers. Implications for preservice teacher education and further research are discussed.     

Student teachers’ conceptions of creativity in the secondary music classroom

This study aims to explore the meaning of the concept of creativity from the perspective of student teachers pursuing a one year teacher training course following their first degree. Seventeen student teachers following a specialist music teaching route in secondary education were selected as the sample for this study to offer their understanding on creativity in the secondary music classroom. Data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews and were subject to in-depth qualitative analysis using Atlas.ti software. All student teachers seemed eager to teach for creativity as they thought it was a vital component of their pupils’ musical engagement and development. However, some held richer conceptions than others or tended to overlook significant areas of musical involvement, such as improvisation, group work and engagement in evaluating and refining the creative musical product. Creativity was generally expected but it would emerge on an intuitive level as a by-product of a learning objective rather than being explicitly considered in the planning process. These narrow conceptions of the meaning of creativity in the music classroom need to be taken seriously and explicitly addressed in music education programs in order to maximize the expression of pupils’ creative potential in the music classroom and beyond.     

论教师教育实践的价值及主要形式

教师专业发展是21世纪国际教师教育改革实践创新的大趋势。教师专业发展离不开教师的实践活动,教育活动在本质上是一种教师与学生之间特殊的交往实践,是教师和学生双方互动的过程。教师的实践性知识、教学能力、教学机智、教育观念以及职业认同感和幸福感均来自于教师自身的教育实践。教师可以通过交往性实践和反思性实践来实现自身的专业发展。     

新文学史观的历史功能与当代启示--由新编一部中国新文学史的出版反思现代中国文学史观

文学历史的叙述离不开文学史观的导引,而现代中国文学史现却伴随着时代社会的沧桑演进而屡屡嬗变,一直处于变动的状态之中.文章借助于程凯华等人主编的<中国斯文学史>的解读,认为该史著提出的中国新文学史观具有理论的普适性和操作的可行性,其书写观念的背后隐含着一种新的文学史观的拓展和创建.     

河北省中学教师职业倦怠现状的调查研究

目的：探讨河北省中学教师职业倦怠的现状和特点。方法：采用修订的MBI教师职业倦怠量表对河北省513名中学教师进行调查。结果：（1）河北省中学教师职业倦怠的总体程度不高,但情感耗竭程度相对比较严重;（2）河北省中学教师职业倦怠中三个维度随教龄增长呈现出“两头低,中间高”的趋势;（3）高中教师的职业倦怠水平显著高于初中教师;（4）5～14年教龄和15年以上教龄初中教师职业倦怠水平都显著高于0～4年教龄段的初中教师。结论：河北省中学教师职业倦怠总体不太严重,但在情感耗竭维度方面较为突出;高中教师以及教龄在5～14年的教师职业倦怠总体程度更高,因此更需要社会的关注。     

走出广西中小学教师教育科研的困境

中小学教育科研与基础教育改革的成功与否休戚相关。在广西,还存在各地中小学教师教育科研条件很不平衡、中小学教师尤其是农村中小学教师对教育科研的观念比较落后、科研成效不明显等现实困境。那么,如何走出广西中小学教师教育科研的困境,则是一个不可回避的问题。     

中学综合社会课与历史课之比较

综合社会课作为综合课程的一种形式,与历史课在中学教育中有着相同的地位。本文从4个方面比较了两者的差异,可以看出,综合课程有助于改变分科课程的某些弊端。     

Now you see me,now you don’t: From reader to student and back again in A‐Level English literature

In this paper I investigate students’ experience of the assessment regime in A‐Level English literature, and present data from a small‐scale interview study with students intending to study English at university. Research has shown that students experience conflict between reading for pleasure and reading for assessment; and I draw upon Bernstein’s work on invisible and visible pedagogies to explain how the personal response hinders interpretation of text they do not find pleasurable. Interview data explore some strategies that students might adopt, perhaps helping us to understand how they become, or fail to be, successful.     

中等专业学校师生冲突现状与对策初探

随着社会的发展，师生关系发生了较大的变化，师生冲突成为急需关注的问题，本分析了中等专业学校师生冲突的特点、种类及发生的原因，阐述了解决师生冲突应遵循的原则，提出了解决师生冲突的途径与方法。     

Primary education, teachers’ professionalism and social class about motivation and demotivation of government school teachers in India

Since the early 1990s, significant progress has been made with regard to education in India. This positive development stands, however, in sharp contrast with the way in which government teachers themselves think and talk about education. Instead of feeling pride and satisfaction, many teachers are unhappy, and often self-critical. Based on focus group discussions and interviews with teachers in Andhra Pradesh, south India, this paper analyses the reasons behind motivations and demotivations of government school teachers. The paper concludes that there is a need for a new professional ethos and culture.     

在中职历史教学中渗透心理素质教育的尝试与思考

中等职业教育担负着培养高素质劳动者这一艰巨的历史重任,是全面推进素质教育,提高国民素质,增强综合国力的重要力量。社会发展,竞争加剧,中职学生的心理健康问题日益突出,这些问题制约了中等职业教育的健康发展,影响了高素质劳动者的培养。文章结合中职学生的身心发展特点和历史学科的优势,探讨如何在历史教学中渗透心理素质教育,提高学生的心理素质,为现代化建设培养高素质劳动者。     

Intercultural learning in English as foreign language instruction: The importance of teachers’ intercultural experience and the usefulness of precise instructional directives

The development of intercultural competence, especially in foreign language instruction, is considered a key goal of teaching in German schools. The present article sheds light on the teaching of intercultural topics in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL). It presents the results of an analysis of data from a larger study (DESI study – Assessment of Student Achievements in German and English as a Foreign Language) bringing the intercultural experience of teachers and observable aspects of instruction into focus. Videotapes of EFL-classroom instruction of 9th and 10th grade students are analyzed in order to assess characteristic of the implementation of intercultural topics. The study reveals the impact of teachers’ intercultural experience on the quality of their intercultural instruction. Furthermore, the results indicate that precise external directives for particular lessons can help teachers put intercultural topics into practice.     

关于唐山市初中历史教师素质的调查与思考

根据调查材料,从基本状况、教学、科研以及从教心理等方面对唐山市初中历史教师的素质进行了分析。指出了唐山市初中历史教师队伍中存在的一些问题及解决这些问题的途径和方法。