完善上海居家高龄失能老人亲属照顾者的社会支持系统

亲属照护居家高龄失能老人仍是中国现阶段和今后较长时间内的主要照护形式。目前国内关于老年照护的研究集中于老年人本身的照护需求,而对亲属照顾者的照护状况、困难和需求研究不够深入。"高龄体弱老人照顾者需求和心理健康状况"课题组于2010年4—10月对上海市720名户籍城市居家高龄失能老人及其主要亲属照顾者所进行的抽样调查表明,目前上海居家高龄失能老人主要亲属照顾者的照护呈现女性居多、中老年退休者为主、经济条件适中、照护时间较长和照护责任心强的特点。照顾者在照顾过程中面对生理、心理和经济的压力虽然能够积极采取自我解压的方式,并从家庭获得支持,但同时对政府和社会提供支持也提出了迫切需求。为此,需要通过健全社会医疗保障体系,强化小区为基础的居家服务,加强照护知识技能培训,组建照顾者互助小组,完善以亲属照顾者需求为中心的社会支持系统。     

生活自理的九旬老人

人到老年,特别是步入耄耋之年,在身体条件许可的情况下,是处处依赖别人照顾,还是坚持基本自理？这是摆在高龄老人面前的一个重要课题。     

台湾地区新近高龄教育的实施、特色与问题

近年来台湾地区的高龄教育受到政府及民间的重视,呈现迅速发展的趋势。全文除前言及结语外,分政策层面、实务层面、特色与问题等三部分,探讨台湾地区高龄教育的实施、特色与问题。台湾高龄教育的特色:(1)进入教育取向的时代;(2)制订老人教育发展方向,颁订老人教育政策白皮书;(3)以经费支持老人教育活动;(4)民间组织及宗教团体的高龄教育活动蓬勃发展;(5)老人服务人才培育及学术研究开始发展。高龄教育的实施存在具体实施计划欠缺、老人教育资源亟待重行规划与调整等问题。     

多元老人照顾服务体系之探讨

随着我国人口老龄化程度的不断提高,老人照顾问题日益凸显,已经引起全社会的广泛关注。本文探讨了老人照顾服务主要类型、存在的问题,提出建立家庭、社区、政府互动体系下的多元老人照顾服务体系的观点。     

各国的养老奇招

多代同居 与我们相邻的日本和韩国,很多年轻人结婚后,都是跟老人住在一起。尤其是日本,为了提倡和鼓励“多代同居”,还出台了很多政策,比如子女照顾70岁以上的低收入老人,可以享受减税;照顾老人的子女为扩大老人活动空间而修建房子,可以得到低息贷款;卧床老人需要特殊设备,政府也会提供。     

爱心储蓄

近一年来,重庆市大渡口区的廖女士无偿照顾着社区的一位高龄老人。虽说是无偿,可廖女士并没有“白做”,因为她在社区有一张“爱心回报储蓄卡”,以后她可以凭此卡享受同等时间的居家养老服务。大渡口区九宫庙街道管这种模式叫“爱心回报储蓄”,也叫“时间银行”。     

南京:照顾老人可领“工资”

赡养老人是子女的本分,而前不久,南京却开启了"照顾老人可领工资"的养老新模式。照顾自家老人还有钱拿,这是怎么回事?每个有老人的家庭,都能申领补贴吗?补贴的钱从哪儿来,掏得起吗?笔者为此进行了探访。照顾五类老人可申领补贴去年11月10日下午,南京某院校家属院的一户人家里,103岁的陆盘珍戴着老花眼镜,佝偻着背,正剪着     

最美孝心少年

韩杨首都医科大学附属中学高二（2）班今年16岁的韩杨家里四世同堂,最年长的曾祖母已经89岁高龄,69岁的奶奶也是腿脚不便,而在超市上班的妈妈和送单员爸爸都很辛苦,韩杨便将照顾老人的重任揽了过来。平日里除了白天上学、晚上复习外,只要一有时间他就会陪曾祖母和奶奶聊聊天,给她们讲讲在学校发生的有趣的事,逗老人们开心。到了寒暑假,他会主动将家务活包揽过来,一大清早起床,给老人打好洗脸水、漱口水,晾上一杯白水,等老人们洗漱完毕再扶着老人吃早餐。收拾完碗筷,韩杨便骑着三轮车带着奶奶去菜市场买菜。由于菜市场很远,要花40多分钟的时间在路上,     

义务照顾无血缘关系的八旬老人——花甲老汉显真情

有这样一位长者,一边照顾着自己体弱多病的老伴,一边对与自己没有血缘关系的耄耋老人照顾得无微不至。其中一位老人虽离开了人世,但她已没有遗憾,因为她体验到了人间真爱。这位长者名叫赵长志,家住湖北襄樊市大庆路原汽车工业公司家属院。     

和祖父母巧沟通

现代社会快节奏的生活和工作令很多年轻的父母无暇亲自照顾、教育年幼的孩子,而物质生活水平的提高,使很多退休在家的老人自觉“宝刀不老”,因此,许多老人担负起了照顾、教育第三代的重任。这样,老人在照顾、教育孩子的过程中感觉到自己还有用武之地,同时享受天伦之乐,有利于其     

孟子的“养老”观

儒家标举孝,在孟子的仁政视域里,养老是孝的重要体现。孟子从家庭和社会两个层面来阐述养老的问题。在家庭层面,物质和精神方面是相辅相成的;在社会层面,将建立社会保障制度跟重视学校教育结合,为养老构建良好的社会氛围。     

Concept of Care,Caring Expectations,and Caring Frustrations of the Elderly Suffering from Chronic Illness

While it is true that elderly concepts of care and caring expectations have been ascertained in previous literatures, little is known about how the elderly population views caring frustrations—particularly that of the Filipino elderly. This study purports to surface the lebenswelt of healthcare expectations and frustrations based on the repondents’ concept of care. A three-part instrument consisting of robotfoto, picture prompts, and unstructured interviews was used to elicit pertinent data. Through the use of dendrogram, field texts were phenomenologically reduced to emerge conceptual clusters. On the whole, this study yielded interesting conceptualizations which include the Clock of Care, the Clock of Caring Expectations and the Clock of Caring Frustrations. The emerged meanings in this study create a picture of care as a driving force in the progression of care expectations and frustrations. This eidetic background enables healthcare providers to offer care that is both timely and relevant to their client's subjective illness experience.     

基于关怀理论的大学生安全教育

关怀理论要求在教育目标的制定上坚持以培养学会关怀的人为中心,突出大学生个人安全防范意识和社会安全责任感的培育;在教育内容的安排上坚持以关怀某人或某事为重点,兼顾个人安全与公共安全;在教育方法的选择上坚持榜样、对话、实践及认可等方法并用,共同推动大学生安全教育的组织和实施。     

Workshops in caring: a first module

Workshops in Caring were designed to expose attitudes, biases, and concerns of a nursing home staff toward aging, illness, and death. This paper touches on techniques and materials (more literary and humanistic than clinical) for encouraging participants to focus on and share their feelings. What inhibits or facilitates a caring relationship between elderly, often terminally ill, residents and staff members was the prime focus of both sessions: "Will You Still Need Me, Will You Still Feed Me?" and "Who Owns One's Life?"     

当前职业高校教师常见心理问题及调适方法

职业高校教师肩负着为我国当今高速发展的社会经济现代化建设培养大批高素质技能型和应用型人才的伟大使命,因此关注教师的心理健康同关注大学生的心理健康具有同等的重要性。职业高校教师保持健康的心理不仅有利于教师自身的生理健康,有利于提高教育教学工作效率和质量,而且有利于促进大学生心理健康发展。对当前职业高校教师常见心理问题的成因及表征进行探究,并有针对性地提出科学的心理健康调适方法,这将会对当前职业高校教师的身心健康起到积极的促进作用。     

Classroom research or w(h)ither development: gender,complexity and diversity in the UK,the USA and Australia

Starting school—young children learning cultures L. Brooker Embracing identities in early childhood education: diversity and possibilities S. Grieshaber & G. Cannella, G. (Eds) Caring classrooms/intelligent schools: the social emotional education of young children J. Cohen (Ed.)     

论加强高校基层党组织的凝聚力

高等学校是建设社会主义精神文明,培养教育人,推动社会全面进步的重要阵地,"关怀党员、关心群众、关注人才、关爱青年"是高校基层党组织应尽的义务,也是高校基层党组织的基础性工作。高校基层党组织凝聚力是推进学校的改革、发展、稳定工作的重要因素,是密切党同人民群众联系的有效载体。     

MEDICAL EDUCATION IN GERIATRICS: THE LASTING IMPACT OF THE AGING GAME

In an effort to sensitize medical students to the problems of the frail elderly, a simulation experience known as the Aging Game is a required portion of the Introduction to Clinical Medicine course for medical students at Duke University. The immediate positive effect of the Aging Game has been documented (Journal of the American Medical Association, 262, 1507‐1509), but its long‐term impact has not been established. To obtain follow‐up, a brief 10‐item questionnaire was mailed to all medical students. Both objective and subjective data were collected to ascertain the impact of the Aging Game over time (class years two through four), and objective responses were analyzed by the Mantel‐Haenszel chi‐square test of general association. The lasting effect of the intervention was confirmed over the 2‐year follow‐up period. The experiential nature of the intervention and the resultant increase in empathy for the frail elder explain the success of the Aging Game.     

Does Social Interaction Explain Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health Status? Results from the Japanese Community-Dwelling Elderly Age 65 to 84 Years

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether social interaction has a mediating influence on the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health status among elderly community-dwelling Japanese. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all of the elderly age 65 years and over in Tama City in Japan in 2001. Overall 8,558 elderly individuals answered the questionnaire, with a response rate of 80.2%. Bivariate correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. The results showed that social interaction exerted direct and positive effects on health status (0.51 for men, 0.57 for women); SES not only directly affected health status (0.14 for men, 0.21 for women), but also demonstrated an indirect effect via social interaction (0.13 for men, 0.23 for women), particularly on subjective health (0.82 for elderly men, 0.74 for elderly women). All of the associations were more pronounced among elderly women. In conclusion, social interaction may partly explain SES differences in health status, especially for elderly women. Therefore, the promotion of social contact and participation may contribute to the reduction of health disparities among Japanese community-dwelling elderly individuals age 65–84 years.