The Enduring Quest for Equity in Education: Comparing Norway and Australia

It has been a key goal to achieve equity in education in Australia and Norway over the last 50 years. This article offers a historical case-oriented comparative analysis of the promotion of equity in education in these 2 countries. While equity in education is primarily understood as students’ learning outcomes in national and international tests, such as the OECD’s PISA studies, the analysis in this article is based on Espinoza’s distinction between equality and equity, which allows for a more complex understanding. The article investigates striking differences in how the governments in Australia and Norway have attempted to enhance equity through education, and discusses factors that may have impeded this process.     

The Quest for Gender Equity in America's Schools: From Preschool and Beyond

"Nothing can be more absurd than the practice which prevails in our country of men and women not following the same pursuits with all their strengths and with one mind, for thus the state instead of being whole, is reduced to half.” Plato, 24 B. C.     

Parent Teacher Education Connection: Preparing Preservice Teachers for Family Engagement

This article describes the Parent Teacher Education Curriculum, a Web-based curriculum focused on instructing teachers about best practices in family involvement and assesses its impact on the knowledge and attitudes of preservice teachers related to family involvement. Pre- and post-measures of preservice teacher candidate knowledge of and attitude toward parent involvement were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and paired-samples t-tests. Findings revealed a significant multivariate main effect for the time of knowledge assessment administration (pre vs. post): Wilks' λ = .613, F(6, 449) = 47.308, p < .001, partial eta squared = .387. This suggested that overall Knowledge increased significantly from pre- to post-administration. In addition, multivariate analysis for the time of attitude assessment administration (pre vs. post) was Wilks' λ = .982, F(3, 1548) = 9.65, p <. 001, partial eta squared = .018. This suggested that overall Attitude increased significantly from pre- to post-administration.     

关于教育公平的几点思考

教育平等是教育的终极目标 ,但其实现的过程不能超越社会政治、经济的发展水平。要理清教育公平与教育平等的概念 ,教育公平是辩证的 ,包括教育基本权利的平等和非基本权利的不平等。对教育公平的理解不能超越特定的历史范畴     

论邓小平对中国共产党执政合法性的探索

所谓执政合法性,是指执政党能使人们产生和坚持现存的政治制度是社会的最适宜制度的信仰状态。邓小平对执政合法性的认知,主要源于他自己从革命到建设的丰富的经历和对马克思主义的实事求是的理解。邓小平提升执政合法性的方略主要体现在他的两手抓政策上,他一直强调在促进物质文明发展的同时,必须促进精神文明的发展。在社会主义市场经济条件下,党要提升执政合法性,还必须沿着邓小平的思路,在促进经济发展的同时,构筑起党同人民群众的共同的政治认同。     

Participation Structure Impacts on Parent Engagement in Family Literacy Programs

Intervention programs to improve the educational outcomes of young children have become increasingly popular. Studies suggest that family literacy programs involving parents can result in positive effects on children’s language and literacy development. Issues continue to arise, however, regarding the recruitment and retention of families. One component of program design—participation structure—focuses on who is intended to be the direct or indirect recipient of programming. The relationships between participation structure and the recruitment/retention of families, however, has not been well understood. In this study, parents participated in one of two family literacy program models with varying participation structures—one in which parents attended with their children, the other in which parents attended alone. The purpose of this study was to identify parents’ motivations for participating the program, their expectations of what the program would entail, and their reasons for remaining in the program. Focus groups and written questionnaires were used to gather the data. The findings of the study and implications for practice are discussed.     

Competing Paradigms of Educational Justice: Parent Organizing for Educational Equity in a Neoliberal Reform Context

This article examines a grassroots parent organizing effort in a large, high-poverty, urban school district. Drawing from ethnographic field research at a community-based popular education organization, the study describes how parent organizers worked to educate and mobilize Latina/o immigrant parents on issues of educational justice and equity. It identifies three pillars of their approach—a social theory, a theory of change, and a theory of knowledge— and argues that these were not reducible to a set of practices or methods; rather, they constituted a coherent paradigm of educational justice. This paradigm differs in significant ways from the neoliberal justice paradigm that currently dominates education reform and policy. By examining points of tension between these two competing paradigms, this article seeks to accomplish two aims. First, it aims to deepen our understanding of how underlying paradigms of educational justice shape the work of educating, organizing, and reforming schools. Second, it aims to expose the cultural specificity, or non-universality, of the neoliberal paradigm in order to challenge its hegemonic status in education reform and policy.     

Teacher Perceptions of Parent Engagement at a Cyber High School

A growing number of adolescents are taking all or most of their courses online. This places a greater responsibility on parents to support and facilitate their students' learning. This case study used teacher surveys and interviews to better understand how teachers perceived and supported parents' attempts to support their online students at a single online charter school. The results indicated that teachers observed multiple ways in which parents supported their students by (a) organizing and managing students' schedules, (b) nurturing relationships and interactions, (c) monitoring and motivating student engagement, and (d) instructing students when necessary. However, teachers believed that parents could act as obstacles to their students' learning by being overly engaged in certain types of learning activities. Additional research is needed that examines parent engagement in a variety of online learning environments. Research that identifies best practices could also be especially valuable to online teachers and administrators wishing to improve the quantity and quality of parental engagement in their programs.     

The Quest for Identity in the Counseling Profession

The search for an identity is a recurring theme in the literature of the Counseling profession. This article reviews the context, politics, illusions, contradictions, ironies, and possibilities involved in that search.     

Access to Books in the Home and Adolescent Engagement in Recreational Book Reading: Considerations for secondary school educators

The emphasis on schools' providing reading materials for students at home is very much on the primary school years, when the skill of reading is being acquired. Little consideration has been given to the impact of curtailing school‐mediated access to books beyond this point. Regular recreational reading offers a wide range of benefit, and is essential for supporting ongoing literacy development. Without easy access to books, it can be readily surmised that capacity for regular engagement in reading can be limited. This article adds to the body of research supporting the benefit of student access to books in the home, linking access to books in the home with improved attitudes toward and frequency of engagement in recreational book reading, particularly in boys. It also provides analysis of data on students' access to books in the home, as well as discussing alternative avenues of access to books, such as the library and devices. The implications of the findings are explored, with educators ultimately urged to support increased access to self‐selected home reading materials through the secondary school.     

女性独特话语的找寻及尝试--试论残雪小说文本的后现代性

残雪是女性文学发展史上一位重要的作家，她采用了一种与以往女性作家创作决然不同的叙事模式，她既不去揭批男性中心社会中女性的受抑境遇，也不去抒写女性的勃勃生命力及创造性，而是以其个人化的写作方式．为我们展示了一个怪异、诡秘的女性世界，为女性创作的发展和转型做出了重大贡献。     

Understanding Engagement in Mental Health Services for Preschool Children: An Analysis of Teacher,Clinician, and Parent Perspectives

The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of mental health clinicians in providing services in the preschool setting. Clinicians provided services for 3 years in urban, northern New Jersey preschools, in order to expand access to mental health services for vulnerable children. At the conclusion of the three-year period, focus groups were conducted with clinicians and teachers, and interviews were conducted with parents to gain their perspectives on the approaches used. Data were coded for emergent themes and a number of themes developed around aspects of engagement, including engaging the community, teachers, other professionals, and parents in order to effectively provide the service to the target population. The data provide insight into techniques that may increase comfort levels for seeking and accepting treatment.     

高等教育大众化与机会均等——理论分析和中日比较

当高等教育规模扩大时,高等教育机会是否会变得更均等一些呢? 均等程度又如何测算? 从这一视角来看,中国的高等教育到底是趋向于平等,还是更加不平等呢? 本文试图通过理论探讨,以及对中日两国数据的实证分析来回答上述问题.首先,我们检验了几种用于标识不平等度的尺度,发现基尼系数等不适于检测类似于升学率这样的由百分率表示的指标.其次,在1992年与2001年之间,随着经济的增长,中国高等教育机会的地区差有了明显的扩大.第三,类似情况也发生在日本高等教育的大众化进程中(1960年至1975年).理论依据和日本的经验告诉我们,要矫正迅速扩大的高等教育机会地区差,今后必须在调控高等教育的供给上多下功夫.     

The Future of Graduate Education in the Sociocultural Foundations: History

Numerous and much needed scientific and scholarly improvements have occurred in physical education since the 1960s. The increased specialization, while absolutely necessary for advancing knowledge, has at times been accompanied by the attitude that only certain subdisciplinary areas are important. In general, history and social science areas have been neglected within departments of physical education. Many leading historians have looked to other social sciences, and occasionally to the biological sciences, for insights into the past; an increasing number have written on topics that fall within sport and even within physical education history. The tendency to assign history classes in departments of physical education to faculty who are not themselves productive researchers is criticized. Because so few departments of physical education offer graduate research degrees in history, this subdisciplinary area is in jeopardy. An inadequate understanding of the intellectual origins of professional physical education may also contribute to what seems to be an inability to resolve the specialization/fragmentation issue.     

Structure Matters: Twenty-One Teaching Strategies to Promote Student Engagement and Cultivate Classroom Equity

A host of simple teaching strategies—referred to as “equitable teaching strategies” and rooted in research on learning—can support biology instructors in striving for classroom equity and in teaching all their students, not just those who are already engaged, already participating, and perhaps already know the biology being taught.     

母子公司双边股权的会计处理法

双边股权的会计处理问题，特别是母子公司之间合并会计报袁的编制，已成为财务会计的一个重要分支，本对双边股权的会计处理方法作简要的探讨，提出了会计处理的一些具体方法。     

The Practice of Supervision: A Sociocultural Perspective

A sociocultural perspective for supervision practice uses the concepts of acculturation, apprenticeship, and reflective assessment to describe supervision in counselor education. Supervision can be viewed as an intersubjective process that revolves around solving ambiguous and unstructured problems; key features include the coconstruction of shared meaning, framed by a continuous cycle of reflection and action, and the emergence of a professional identity. Implications for research and practice are offered.