Mechanisms of Change in Dutch Inspected Schools: Comparing Schools in Different Inspection Treatments

In many countries the need for education systems and schools to improve and innovate has become central to the education policy of governments. School inspections are expected to play an important role in promoting such continuous improvement and to help schools and education systems more generally to consider the need for change and improvement. This article aims to enhance our understanding of the connections between school inspections and their impact on school improvement, using a longitudinal survey of principals and teachers in primary and secondary education. Random effects models and a longitudinal path model suggest that school inspections in particular have an impact on principals, but less so on teachers. The results indicate that the actual impact on improved school and teaching conditions, and ultimately student achievement, is limited. Schools in different inspection categories report different mechanisms of potential impact; the lack of any correlation between accepting feedback, setting expectations and stakeholder sensitivity and improvement actions in schools suggests that the impact of school inspections is not a linear process, but operates through diffuse and cyclical processes of change.     

DOS的发展进程及其应用

DOS是个非常强大的操作系统,曾在很长一段时间内统治了操作系统业。针对它而设计的应用软件非常多,且不断地发展着。随着Windows的出现和不断完善与发展,DOS似乎逐渐远离我们,在计算机的历史舞台上正在销声匿迹,事实真是这样的吗?其实并不然,DOS有其独特的工作原理和难以替代的作用,DOS命令仍是我们使用操作系统必不可少的利器。     

新加坡的精英教育

新加坡1979年完成了中小学课程改革以后，经过不断的研究、探索、改进，形成了目前精英教育的办学特色。新加坡经济的高速发展与教育的不断创新有十分密切的关系。文章在介绍新加坡教育改革情况的同时，着力分析新加坡精英教育的内涵和特点，并对中、新两国教育进行了比较研究，从中寻求有益的启示。     

Continuous improvement in schools: Understanding the practice

This article investigates conceptually and practically what it means for schools to engage in the practice of continuous improvement. The analysis draws upon prior research and discussion to predict core elements of the practice of continuous improvement in schools. The predictions are then applied to a case study of continuous improvement efforts in a Pakistani secondary school that was involved in a 10-year school–university school improvement partnership. The article concludes with a set of eight empirically based propositions about the practice of continuous improvement schools.     

Improving the process of education: Total quality management for the college classroom

This article's purpose is to improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching by proposing a specific program for continuous improvement toward instructional excellence. Total quality management (TQM) is a systematic approach which utilizes four main elements: quality defined by the customer, top leadership responsibility for quality improvement, increased quality through systematic analysis of work processes, and quality improvement by continuous effort conducted throughout the organization. A strategy for continuous classroom improvement is developed through an examination of various definitions of quality and a comparative analysis of dimensions of quality, service quality, and effective teaching which aims to inspire and give direction.James P. Gilbert is an Associate Professor of Operations Management at The University of Georgia. He received his MBA from Western Illinois University and Ph.D. from The University of Nebraska-Lincoln. His research interests include: total quality management methods, service management systems, and Japanese management techniques. Kay Keck is Director of Graduate Programs at The University of Georgia and teaches the first-year marketing course for MBA students. She obtained an MBA from the University of Kansas, and Ph.D. in Management Science from The University of Texas at Dallas. Her research interests center around sales management, services marketing, and applications of TQM in both sales and higher education. Ronald D. Simpson is Director of the Office of Instructional Development at The University of Georgia, where he also is professor of Higher Education and Science Education. He holds degrees from The University of Tennessee and The University of Georgia.     

刍议物联网技术在旅游业中的应用

进入21世纪的旅游产业以前所未有的速度飞快发展,伴随人民生活水平的不断提高,旅游、休闲、度假已越来越多地成为人们的消费时尚,先进的管理手段和网络技术应用也已成为一种趋势。本文试图对物联网技术在导游活动、酒店、旅游交通、游客控制、旅游安全、员工管理等方面的应用进行探讨,以期使旅游要素的运行管理系统更加智能化,从而更好地为旅游者服务。     

Quality assessment and quality assurance in distance teacher education

Governments around the world have increasingly used distance education (DE), both preservice and inservice, to overcome conventional, campus‐based programme constraints in funding, access and student places. DE programmes have shown that they can expand assess to teacher education, but still need to demonstrate that they can produce teachers of the quality needed for today's schools. Quality assessment systems have been developed, using either examinations or impact studies, to demonstrate programme effect on graduate outcomes related to good teaching. Quality assurance systems have been designed, based on the concept of the ‘learning organisation’, to assure continuous improvement in programme conditions related to the desired outcomes. Quality assessment and assurance systems are reviewed and some examples of quality DE programmes presented.     

从制度约束、人本关怀到文化生成——现代学校管理模式变革与反思

学校管理模式是学校系统的各个构成要素的有机结合方式,各要素之间存在严密的逻辑关系和操作要求,在学校改进中发挥着重要的作用,并呈现出从制度约束、人本关怀到文化生成的发展趋势。现代学校管理以文化作为管理与改进的内核,建立以人为本的学校管理观,以基于文化创生和特色建设的学校管理模式,将制度与文化结合起来,将制度与秩序的变革与人的价值重组结合起来,充分发挥文化的引领价值和制度的服务功能,以教育生态的视角,从主体性培养、制度性探索两方面进行学校管理的教育生态建构研究,尝试建立内在的生态养成与外在的生态保障,充分发挥教育管理参与者的主体性,从而推动形成学校管理的良性发展机制,引领和推动学校工作的持续改进。     

浅析数据库加密

随着计算机网络的快速发展,政府、各个企业、组织机构等单位都逐渐开始大量使用各种信息系统并且通过开放的网络来进行信息交换,这极大地提高了各类数据库的利用率。目前主流网站后台管理系统主要是依靠数据库,随着应用平台的不断完善,数据库安全问题已经逐渐成为企事业单位信息主管关注的重点。     

香港地区教育博士培养体系及借鉴

我国内地自2008年来已有15所研究生培养单位开始进行教育博士专业学位试点招生工作,其培养体系正处于探索阶段,暴露出很多问题和不足。而有效整合中西文化的香港地区则有着十余年的教育博士培养经验,认真梳理其培养目标、招生入学、课程体系、学习方式以及学位获得等培养体系模式,对内地教育博士培养体系的不断完善与创新有着重要的借鉴价值。     

工程教育专业认证中“毕业要求达成度评价与反馈体系”的研究与实践

在工程教育专业认证中,创建科学的"达成度评价与反馈体系"对学生毕业要求能力培养环节的持续改进具有十分重要的指导意义。以天津理工大学机械电子工程专业工程教育专业认证为背景,通过改进现有的达成度评价方法,完善反馈与持续改进机制,体现工程教育专业认证理念,提出了"五评价,三反馈,四改进"的具有反馈机制的闭环毕业要求达成度评价法。以本专业2016届与2017届学生为例,计算毕业要求综合达成度情况,结果体现了专业持续改进效果,具有借鉴意义。     

Classroom Assessment of Student Competencies

The primary objective is to report on a classroom assessment model that provides an alternative approach to assessing competencies that can be readily adapted in academic settings committed to continuous quality improvement (CQI). The procedures described in this report advance two critical areas of education. First, they provide a model for faculty to assess the impact of their teaching on student mastery of course competencies. Second, they provide a basis for applying the continuous quality improvement philosophy to the classroom.     

宿舍建立团小组的尝试

随着高等教育改革的不断深入,后勤社会化、高校园区的建立,高等学校学生管理教育纷纷开始探索学生管理的新体系、新方法,而对原有的共青团组织机构建设的改进也势在必行.团小组设在宿舍是在新形势下一个有益的尝试.     

Creating a Quality Assurance System for Croatian Higher Education

This article presents an action plan for establishing a system of quality assurance for Croatian higher education. The action plan is forward‐looking rather than retrospective and draws on experiences with adopting continuous improvement practices in Australia, Turkey, and the United States. Numerous authors have explored the challenges facing Croatian higher education, so we do not duplicate that task. We propose to adopt a continuous improvement system which will help modernize the system of education in Croatia.     

模糊神经网络变结构算法优化的研究

随着生产实际情况的不断变化,以及模糊神经网络不断的改进和发展,提出一种改进的构造神经网络的方法,并且提出混合学习算法,结合共扼梯度下降法与递归最小二乘估计来分别辨识网络中的前、后件参数,并对非线性系统进行仿真实验,达到控制要求.     

面向国际认证的商科类本科专业建设价值链

该文面向我国"一带一路"倡议对国际化商科人才的新需求,以国际专业认证为推动,对比分析EPAS、ACBSP两大国际商科专业认证标准体系的异同点;借鉴美国哈佛商学院著名战略学家Porter教授提出的价值链模型,构建面向国际认证的商科类本科专业建设价值链模型和闭环体系,为商科类专业建设及优化提供分析框架,促进专业建设国际化水平的不断提升和人才培养质量的持续改进。     

Developing Embedded Signature Assessments for Continuous Improvement in Teacher Education

The development and use of assessment systems to measure the performance and progress of teacher candidates and inform the continuous improvement of teacher education programs has been a longstanding priority in teacher education for the past 30 years. Teacher educators in the School of Education at a small public midwestern university revised and improved their assessment system by developing seven Embedded Signature Assessments (ESAs). ESAs are formative performance assessments that are implemented in professional education courses to measure a teacher candidate’s performance prior to student teaching and readiness for student teaching. This article describes the development and implementation of ESAs at one university, with attention to the benefits and challenges.     

基于经验学习圈的不同教师群体教学行为改进特征

教师的教学行为对教学效果会产生直接影响,教学行为改进是一个动态的过程并且具有群体性特征。本研究基于经验学习圈理论,对71名教师在2年持续教学行为改进过程中的350节视频课例,采用内容分析法,探究新手教师、胜任教师和成熟教师三类群体的教学行为改进特征。研究发现:基于经验学习圈2年的持续教学行为改进过程取得了显著的改进效果,三类教师均能够较好地改进问题的开放性;讨论后汇报和鼓励学生提出问题是三类教师在教学行为改进中共同的难点;经验学习中的反思性观察和抽象概括两个阶段对教师教学行为的正向改进作用比较小;三类教师群体的教学行为改进着力点明显不同,成熟教师最难改进的教学行为和最难改进的研修阶段与新手教师和胜任教师不同,新手教师与胜任教师存在不同的教学行为改进难点和相同的最难改进阶段。根据上述不同教师群体的教学行为改进特征,可以进一步优化与完善教师教学行为的改进方法与策略,形成更加精准地教学行为改进支持服务与改进依据,丰富教学行为改进的有关研究。     

The entrepreneurialisation of school work as a central theme in present educational changes: the Portuguese case

It is assumed in this paper that the main trend in global education policies is based on an entrepreneurial model intended to submit school work to the same logic that prevails in economic systems at large. Thus, I try to recognise such a model in current educational changes in Portugal. Two paths for the entrepreneurialisation of school work were identified, both of which have a strong influence in this country. As it is the rule in a global context, slogans such as ‘educational excellence’, ‘success for all’, ‘lifelong learning’ or ‘acquisition of essential skills’ are the cornerstones of the educational policies nowadays in Portugal. The continuous improvement of school productivity appears to be the main goal of the public education system in these policies.     

新工科背景下应用型本科物联网专业培养模式研究

随着以互联网为核心的新一轮科技和产业革命的快速发展,社会对物联网工程专业人才的需求日益增加,培养满足需要的物联网人才意义重大。通过构建“文化、服务、制度、理念”顶层制度,营造“卓越工程师”的工匠精神文化氛围,组建富有活力的教学团队,深化全方位协同培养以及创新和改革实践教学平台、体系与方法,实现可持续发展与不断改进的应用型本科院校物联网工程专业培养新模式,为高质量应用型人才培养提供借鉴。