Books on Broadcasting

Albert C. Book and Norman D. Cary's The Television Comercial: Creativity and Craftsmanship (Decker, $6.95 paperback)

Stuart N. Hyde's Television and Radio Announcing (Houghton-Hifflin, $9.95)

William O. Johnson Jr.'s Super Spectator and Electronic Lilliputian (Little-Brown, $6.95)     

Reading African Women's Writing: The Role of Librarians in Expanding the Canon

SUMMARY

This paper will briefly review the canon debate in African literature, situating it within a wider context of debates on other non-Western, non-central or emerging disciplines. It will then examine ways in which reference services can respond to the challenge of canon expansion, and how librarians can impact the study of African women writers in universities and colleges. I will approach these topics from two perspectives. The first involves reference librarians in their traditional role as information mediators. Using the works of female writers as examples in instruction sessions and reference guides are ways in which traditional methods can be given a new twist. In so doing, reference librarians will be combining intercultural literacy with information literacy. A bibliography of selected works will also be given that will help general reference librarians strengthen their collections and educate themselves on the subject.

The second will be on ways in which librarians can add a layer to traditional mediating by becoming academic activists. In other words, instead of passively waiting for courses to be created and then supporting them, librarians can market to faculty ideas for possible uses of the Africana collection and thus provide impetus for new course development. Suggested initiatives include developing theme-related guides or readers' advisory based on African women's texts, and distributing them to other Area Studies faculty–an obvious way to encourage comparative, interdisciplinary research and teaching. Librarians can also hold workshops to demonstrate how works such as Aidoo's Changes or Dangaremgba's Nervous Conditions that examine the many faces of modern Africa can be discussed in social history, politics or education courses; or Alifa Rifaat's works dealing with women in Islamic communities in a religion or comparative law course. Additionally, libraries need to go beyond in-house, library-only lectures to organizing, for example, campus-wide author lecture series.

To effectively implement these initiatives, reference librarians should collaborate more closely with Africana and Area Studies bibliographers. As librarians in the 21st century, we should be more proactive in our academic communities. We can generate impetus for breaking the literary canon and broadening literary research, foster greater understanding of African culture, while still playing our time-honored roles of guide, mediator, culture-keeper, and agents of change.     

Children's Literature in the Undergraduate Course on Communication Research Methods

Objective: Students will develop positive attitudes toward communication research by linking new values and principles with the familiar values and principles contained in children's literature

Course: Communication Research Methods

Objective: Students will develop positive attitudes toward communication research by linking new values and principles with the familiar values and principles contained in children's literature     

科技期刊编辑出版中的沟通原则和技巧

针对沟通很常见且很重要这一问题,概述沟通力及沟通原则,探讨沟通原则和技巧在科技期刊编辑出版工作中的应用,进而提出运用以下3条原则的建议,即:根据把人和事分开、对事不对人的沟通原则妥善处理人情稿和关系稿;根据为共同目标(利益)创造选择方案的沟通原则掌握版权谈判的主动性和防止一稿多投;根据坚持使用客观标准的沟通原则进行约稿.认为科技期刊编辑要加强学习并总结“因人而异”的沟通技巧,采用不同的沟通策略应对不同的人,以更好地开展科技期刊编辑出版工作,使科技期刊可持续健康发展.     

A Dialectic With the Everyday: Communication and Cultural Politics on Oprah Winfrey's Book Club

This essay explores the cultural politics of television talk-show host Oprah Winfrey's Book Club. Because women constitute both the primary Oprah television audience and the largest United States book buying public, it focuses specifically on women's involvement in the club and their modes of engagement with its selections. The Book Club's astonishing success was attributable in part to the carefully considered communication strategies through which participants, Winfrey, and Oprah producers collectively articulated the value of books and reading specifically for women. Their de-emphasizing of purely literary considerations, I contend, enabled women to strategize how to use Book Club selections simultaneously to distance themselves from and to engage more intensively with the demands of living in a patriarchal and otherwise socioeconomically stratified society – a relationship I call a “dialectic with the everyday.” This essay thus traces the communicative processes/practices through which those involved in Oprah's Book Club articulated a highly sophisticated economy of cultural value around books and reading and the implications of that economy to a possible feminist cultural politics.     

Cooperative Trends in Digital Archiving: An Open Discussion

In putting together the NASIG strategy session “Cooperative Trends in Digital Archiving,” the three panelists, Daviess Menefee (Elsevier), Eileen Fenton (Portico), and Marilyn Geller (Lesley University), discussed issues they faced in their own organizations. All three panelists shared concerns about the need for archiving in general and for archiving born digital journals specifically, and about core organizational values that led them to pursue digital archiving. They had common concerns about who should be involved in digital archiving projects and how it should be accomplished. There were some interesting parallels in the decision making process within each organization. In this presentation, each of the panelists discussed how and why they came to their decisions, and how they all relied on the CLIR report, E-Journal Archiving Metes and Bounds, ¹ 1. For more information, please see http://www.clir.org/PUBS/abstract/pub138abst.html View all notes to measure their progress and determine the next steps.     

A comparative analysis of moral principles and behavioral norms in eight ethical codes relevant to health sciences librarianship,medical informatics,and the health professions

Objective:

Based on the authors'' shared interest in the interprofessional challenges surrounding health information management, this study explores the degree to which librarians, informatics professionals, and core health professionals in medicine, nursing, and public health share common ethical behavior norms grounded in moral principles.

Methods:

Using the “Principlism” framework from a widely cited textbook of biomedical ethics, the authors analyze the statements in the ethical codes for associations of librarians (Medical Library Association [MLA], American Library Association, and Special Libraries Association), informatics professionals (American Medical Informatics Association [AMIA] and American Health Information Management Association), and core health professionals (American Medical Association, American Nurses Association, and American Public Health Association). This analysis focuses on whether and how the statements in these eight codes specify core moral norms (Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-Maleficence, and Justice), core behavioral norms (Veracity, Privacy, Confidentiality, and Fidelity), and other norms that are empirically derived from the code statements.

Results:

These eight ethical codes share a large number of common behavioral norms based most frequently on the principle of Beneficence, then on Autonomy and Justice, but rarely on Non-Maleficence. The MLA and AMIA codes share the largest number of common behavioral norms, and these two associations also share many norms with the other six associations.

Implications:

The shared core of behavioral norms among these professions, all grounded in core moral principles, point to many opportunities for building effective interprofessional communication and collaboration regarding the development, management, and use of health information resources and technologies.     

Is Your Tutorial Pretty or Pretty Useless? Creating Effective Tutorials with the Principles of Multimedia Learning

ABSTRACT

With the proliferation of free and easy-to-use tools to make online tutorials, many libraries have been creating online tutorials for their users. These cover everything from showing users how to navigate the databases to covering issues like copyright and evaluation. While the tutorials range from entertaining to rather dry, many of them, regardless of their entertainment value, do not employ the methods that can lead to deeper learning. Mayer (2014a Mayer, R. E. (Ed.). (2014a). The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar]) has explored the concepts and research around online tutorials in The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning. The principles covered in the handbook and in the related research can be quite counterintuitive for those of us who create online tutorials. This article explores these principles as they relate to tutorials created for library instruction. Additional research to expand on and support Mayer's principles will be discussed to provide evidence-based strategies for deepening learning and reducing elements that detract from learning.     

A note on the construction of test panels for the spectral imaging of paintings

The construction and examination of test panels is an ad hoc procedure, necessary for every spectral imaging study of paintings. Despite the common features, almost every scientific team follows a different way of construction. Furthermore, many of these approaches are not adequately documented in the relevant papers. Failure to use common language and practice leads to confusion about properties of materials and paint layers that have been overall examined by the scientists, as well as the validity of the results and their exploitation in several conservation applications. The present theoretical approach points out the need for common protocols for the construction of test panels and draws general principles as a flow chart on which they should be based.     

The changing copyright landscape in academic publishing

Key points

• This article marks the publication of the Tenth edition Clark's Publishing Agreements: A book of precedents.
• The growing complexity of traditional assignment agreements is accompanied by researchers’ misunderstanding about their rights.
• There is a shifting balance between assignment and licensing of rights in an author's work.
• Academics continue to agree standard assignment contracts even where they disagree with the principles.
• Publishers are loosening control over copyright in response to demands from funders and a growing minority of researchers.
• There is a complex range of researchers’ attitudes to copyright issues.

     

“Now We Can Talk”

This paper explores debate within Puerto Rico's journalistic community regarding the journalistic role of La Comay, a full-sized puppet host of the popular information and entertainment show SuperXclusivo, which faced a boycott in late 2012 and cancelation in early 2013. Calls to boycott and shutter the daily TV show came from the island's LGBT advocates because of comments made by La Comay that they considered homophobic. This analysis of 58 texts from four of Puerto Rico's island-wide news outlets provides an opportunity to examine how a region's dominant cultural archetype—that of the motherly and controversial comadre, after which La Comay is named—appeared in boundary work conducted by local journalists as they determined whether La Comay should have been awarded journalistic status. This paper is not meant to be yet another examination of satirical journalism as much as it is a chance to explore the appearance of a region's culture in the construction or maintenance of its journalistic community.     

Ethics of information giving: the librarian's view*

相似文献   

Cinematic Jujitsu: Resisting White Hegemony through the American Dream in Spike Lee's Malcolm X

Spike Lee's film Malcolm X (1992) presented Malcolm X's life story using the narrative framework of the American Dream myth central to liberal ideology. Working from Gramsci's notion of common sense in the process of hegemony, I explain how Lee appealed to this mythic structure underlying American popular culture to give a platform to Malcolm X's controversial ideas. By adopting a common sense narrative to tell Malcolm X's life story, this movie functioned as a form of cinematic jujitsu that invited critical consciousness about the contradictions between liberal ideology and the life experiences of racially excluded groups. Other formal devices in Lee's film incorporated Malcolm X's rhetoric within the common sense of mainstream politics and connected Malcolm X to more contemporary racial struggles. This analysis suggests that common sense framings of controversial figures may provide a limited space to challenge institutionalized forms of racism within popular culture.     

BBC's Wednesday Magazine and Arts Television for Women

Wednesday Magazine (1958–1963) was an innovative BBC television afternoon arts and culture strand produced by the specialist BBC women's programme unit, which had been built up and nurtured by the first dedicated head of women's programmes Doreen Stephens, who was appointed in 1953. Stephens was responsible for the development of a diverse and extensive range of women's programming; highly ambitious in the offering that it presented to its female viewers. This article will examine the series Wednesday Magazine exploring the wealth of arts and culture items broadcast, whilst considering the programme's significance in critical histories of both women's programming and arts television. The article will also make an intervention into historical debates around what constituted women's television in Britain.     

To Read,Responsibly

This article is a critique of the National Endowment for the Arts report, To Read or Not To Read: A Question of National Consequence (2007). Author Nancy Kaplan originally published an analysis of this report on a blog, IF: Book at http://www.futureofthebook.org/blog/archives/2007/11/reading_responsibly_nancy_kaplan.html. She edited and rewrote that original presentation for publication in PLQ. Much of Kaplan's method involves a rigorous analysis of the same data that the NEA report writers used. However, she demonstrates, contrary to the organizational researchers' conclusions, that voluntary reading rates among teenagers and young adults did not decline between the early 1970s and 2004. Neither, Kaplan finds, is there any reliable data to support the NEA's editorial claims about the declining proficiency in adult readers. She concludes that the NEA authors truncated the time dimension of the available data and otherwise manipulated or misinterpreted data to obtain their results. Kaplan concludes that library professionals should discount the highly publicized NEA findings and focus on the clear statistical realities reported on the source documents and summarized here instead.     

Affirming our commitment to research: the Medical Library Association's research policy statement: the process and findings

Purpose: Building on its 1995 research policy statement, the Medical Library Association (MLA) has issued a new research policy, The Research Imperative. This paper shares the background research that informed the new policy.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifty-one key informants representing various library types, functions, geographic locations, ages, and ethnicities. The grounded theory approach was used to analyze the resulting textual database. Additionally, to gather input from the membership as a whole, two open forums were held at MLA annual meetings.Results: Key informant data indicated that the policy should provide roles for MLA in leadership, advocacy, collaboration, services, education, publishing, and development of a research agenda. Evidence-based library and information practice was emphasized. Six themes emerged to center the new policy: creation of a research culture, challenges, domains of research, research skills set, roles of stakeholders, and measurement of progress.Conclusion: Reflecting the interests and beliefs of the membership, The Research Imperative challenges MLA members to build a supportive culture that values and contributes to a research base that is recognized as an essential tool for future practice.

Highlights

• The Research Imperative reaffirms the Medical Library Association''s (MLA''s) commitment to research and emphasizes the need to develop health sciences librarianship''s own knowledgebase as a solid foundation for best practices.
• Informants described a growing recognition that health sciences librarians should base their practice decisions on evidence just as the health care practitioners and researchers they serve should.
• A research process that gathered data systematically from the membership guided the policy''s development.
• Members expect the association to monitor progress toward its research goals and report on it annually.

Implications

• The Research Imperative challenges the association and its members to build a culture of reflective practice in which the profession''s evidence base is routinely used.
• To advance the vision articulated in its research policy, MLA must lead by inculcating research throughout the association, identifying a research agenda, advocating for improved access to and support of library and information science research, fostering collaborations, and educating members to better use and conduct their own applied research.
• MLA should leverage its Center of Research and Education (CORE) as a repository for member-generated research, tools, and datasets.

     

An approach to the history of publishing: Twentieth-century Quebec

To understand modern publishing, detailed historical studies must be undertaken of individual publishing houses, their leading figures, and their relationships with authors. Such studies, the authors argue, will permit us to understand how a publishing house establishes its identity. They describe in detail a research program based on these principles that is investigating literary publishing in Quebec. Translated by Larry Shouldice Richard Giguère, a literary scholar and critic, is a professor in the Department of Letters and Communications at the University of Sherbrooke. Jacques Michon, a professor in the Department of Letters and Communications at the University of Sherbrooke, is president of the Quebec Association for Studies in Publishing. M. Michon has written articles on the Quebec novel and publishing in the twentieth century, and is the author of two books,Mallarmé et les mots anglais andEmile Nelligan: les racines du rêve. Since 1982, he and Richard Giguère have directed the Research Group on Quebec Literary Publishing. Address for correspondence