编辑视角的学术专著书后主题索引编制浅谈

文章结合索引编制实践探讨了学术著作主题索引的编制,包括索引词的选取、主副标目的安排、参照系统的建构、索引编制过程中与作者及排版员的沟通,索引页码抽取后的调整和校对等,对笔者所编制的部分索引进行评析,并对提高专著索引质量进行一些思考.     

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主要探讨了机辅抽词标引的规则和技术,同时一般论述了机辅抽词标引的基本原理、前提和现实意义。     

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论述文献数据库的标引规范和不同类型文献的标引模式；探讨自然语言与受控语言相结合的标引模式，以利于向受控语言的自动转化     

Indexing the Internet

Describes some of the historical problems and technological advances that make electronic publishing so attractive as an alternative to print. But while the future may be now, it is not without complication. Indexes and the texts to which they point have traditionally been print products; many of the same problems plague both as electronic products. While many of the issues are still unclear, and many of the solutions only tentative, the pattern is unavoidable: electronic publishing is a growth industry and an expanding market; indexers need to adapt their practices to survive.     

谈谈主题标引中新增词的标引

文章论述新增词的选词标准、原则、方法和管理.     

Knowledge-Enhanced Latent Semantic Indexing

Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is a popular information retrieval model for concept-based searching. As with many vector space IR models, LSI requires an existing term-document association structure such as a term-by-document matrix. The term-by-document matrix, constructed during document parsing, can only capture weighted vocabulary occurrence patterns in the documents. However, for many knowledge domains there are pre-existing semantic structures that could be used to organize and categorize information. The goals of this study are (i) to demonstrate how such semantic structures can be automatically incorporated into the LSI vector space model, and (ii) to measure the effect of these structures on query matching performance. The new approach, referred to as Knowledge-Enhanced LSI, is applied to documents in the OHSUMED medical abstracts collection using the semantic structures provided by the UMLS Semantic Network and MeSH. Results based on precision-recall data (11-point average precision values) indicate that a MeSH-enhanced search index is capable of delivering noticeable incremental performance gain (as much as 35%) over the original LSI for modest constraints on precision. This performance gain is achieved by replacing the original query with the MeSH heading extracted from the query text via regular expression matches.     

Indexing consistency in MEDLINE

The quality of indexing of periodicals in a bibliographic data base cannot be measured directly, as there is no one "correct" way to index an item. However, consistency can be used to measure the reliability of indexing. To measure consistency in MEDLINE, 760 twice-indexed articles from 42 periodical issues were identified in the data base, and their indexing compared. Consistency, expressed as a percentage, was measured using Hooper's equation. Overall, checktags had the highest consistency. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and subheadings were applied more consistently to central concepts than to peripheral points. When subheadings were added to a main heading, consistency was lowered. "Floating" subheadings were more consistent than were attached subheadings. Indexing consistency was not affected by journal indexing priority, language, or length of the article. Terms from MeSH Tree Structure categories A, B, and D appeared more often than expected in the high-consistency articles; whereas terms from categories E, F, H, and N appeared more often than expected in the low-consistency articles. MEDLINE, with its excellent controlled vocabulary, exemplary quality control, and highly trained indexers, probably represents the state of the art in manually indexed data bases.     

在版编目标引质量分析

自１９９０年７月３１日国家技术监督局批准公布《图书在版编目数据》（简称ＣＩＰ数据）国家标准以来,各出版部门对一部分图书编制了ＣＩＰ数据,并将其印制在图书的书名页背面或版权页上。这样,不但节省了人力、物力,保证了图书编目的准确性、一致性,而且还促进了图...     

Indexing for Subject Cataloguers

Indexing and cataloguing are conceptually the same activity, even though they differ in practice in the United States today. The purpose of this paper is to provide subject cataloguers with some insights from the state of the art of indexing. Catalogues and indexes differ in practice primarily in that the former are expected to be all things to all people, while the latter can be specialized to meet specific needs. Indexes typically analyze smaller items, thus providing deeper access; they are more flexible, especially in vocabulary and in file permanence, and they have better exploited the capabilities of the computer.     

Indexing of Feminist Periodicals

During the last twelve years there has been a phenomenal increase in the number of periodicals focusing on women's studies and feminism. Initially these titles were ignored by most indexing and abstracting services. The earliest indexing, by the Alternative Press Index and Women Studies Abstracts appeared in 1971 and 1972. Since 1975 there has been a marked increase in the indexing of these periodicals; and the Wilson indexes have added half a dozen new titles so far in the 1980s. The interdisciplinary nature of women's studies requires that researchers and librarians be aware of the indexes which can best satisfy their needs.     

新闻数据库自动标引与自由标引的比较实验

通过采用单汉字索引技术在ＦＯＸＰＲＯ环境下自行设计的实验系统,以《新华日报》为例,实验比较了在自动标引方式和自由标引方式下新闻信息数据库的检索效率,并分析了两种标引方式对检索效率的影响关系,从而探讨用机器自动标引替代手工自由标引的可能性。文章还提出了改进的建议及实验需要的原则。     

基于多词表的自动标引技术研究——新华社新闻稿自动标引的实验

避开汉语分词中的技术特点 ,转向基于多词表自动标引抽词研究是当前中文信息自动主题与分类标引可以采取的一种策略 ,也是最为可行的方法。本文以新华社新闻稿中的题名和导语为对象 ,详细介绍了基于多词表自动标引技术中的词表构建、自动抽词、主题标引和自动分类等技术。并成功设计了新闻信息自动标引的实验系统 ,取得了较好的效果。     

Computer Aided Indexing at NASA

No abstract available for this article.     

文献信息自动标引研究

作者认为我国文献自动标引研究的重点应由分词研究向实际标引研究转移。由此, 作者从标引源的确立、标引词权值的定义和使用、标引词库的构造、自动标引算法的实现等方面阐述了他们在自动标引方面的研究成果, 同时介绍了利用标引词库进行的检索改造。     

探析自动索引原理

文章试图对自动索引的方法作一些探讨。首先介绍了自动索引的五种理论模型和六种自动标引方法，随后探讨了自动索引中不可或缺的两个对象——全文索引和数据库索引的原理。     

论文献结构标引

本文通过分析一般文献的组成元素、元素之间的结构关系和传统文献的结构标识，提出数字文献在元数据基础上的结构标引。阐述了结构标引的一般意义和基本原理。     

微机辅助文献标引系统的设计与研究 3. 自动标引研究

在微机辅助文献标引系统中引入了自动标引方法, 进一步提高了标引的速度和质量。自动标引的基本思想是: 以机内主题词典为依据, 采用遍历扫描和相似性匹配两种方法, 从标题和文摘中抽词, 本文介绍了这一自动标引技术, 并对自动标引的结果进行了分析和讨论。