Fusing research into practice: The role of research methods education

A survey was conducted among library and information science (LIS) practitioners to examine the effect of the research methods course on LIS practitioners' work. Findings suggest the research methods course is a valuable component of the master's in library and information science (MLIS) program. Taking the research methods course increases LIS practitioners' research interest and assists them by helping them critically evaluate published literature and apply it at work, provide better assistance to library patrons, produce valid and reliable data to facilitate decision making, identify problems at work and design and implement studies to solve them, and write grants and for publication. Suggestions are made to improve the research methods curriculum and enhance the educational experience for LIS practitioners.     

Using scientific evidence to improve information practice

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Using and writing reviews to inform your practice

Reviews are seen as a way of exploiting existing data or research findings more fully and can offer a summarised insight into the current understanding of the evidence. Library and information science (LIS) workers can use reviews to inform their decision-making and service planning. Although the LIS evidence base continues to grow there will frequently be times when no published reviews are available. In these instances, you may consider undertaking your own review. Different types of review require different approaches and, by deciding from the outset what kind of review yours will be, will inform your methodology. Guidelines on writing reviews for the Health Information and Libraries Journal are presented.     

煤炭行业科技期刊服务科研的创新实践

新时代各种新媒介形态和技术平台的兴起为科技期刊提升服务科研的能力创造了条件。科技期刊应该打破传统论文单一渠道传播、一次性消费的发展难题,积极与平台和新技术融合。文章介绍煤炭行业期刊以中国煤炭行业知识服务平台为支撑,采用增强出版、科普新闻、知识问答、专题库、知识包、流媒体加工、视频策划与加工等媒体融合方式为科研提供服务的实践。这些措施显著提升了煤炭行业科技期刊为科研服务的能力,可为其他期刊及刊群提供参考。     

Using evaluation research methods to improve quality

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Specimens as records: scientific practice and recordkeeping in natural history research

For the past two decades, scholars in archival science have begun to question traditional assumptions about the nature of the record. Drawing on theories from fields such as sociology, organization theory, and science studies, and on their own ethnographic studies, they propose more inclusive definitions and widening the contexts of analysis of record making and recordkeeping. This paper continues this critical consideration of the concept of record by examining the nature of nonprototypical records in the scientific world. The paper focuses on the system of specimens and field notes established by biologist Joseph Grinnell at the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (University of California, Berkeley) as a means of examining several aspects of the nature of the scientific record: materiality, representation, and the triad evidence/memory/accountability. Focusing on the creation and management of these scientific records, the paper argues that further analyses of scientific record making and recordkeeping are bound to benefit both scientific work, which depends more and more on databases and archives, as well as archival science, which is becoming more relevant beyond its traditional realm of the legal/business/administrative world.     

缩小医学研究与实践之间信息交流差距的对策

从期刊编辑角度,分析医学研究与实践之间信息交流的差距,探讨缩小医学研究与实践信息交流差距的策略,以期启示医学界、期刊界共同关注医学信息交流的差距.     

目前编辑学研究、教学及编辑工作存在问题的分析

讨论目前我国编辑工作存在的一些问题。认为：编辑工作的实践性决定了其发展有赖于研究、教学、编辑三位一体；普通编辑学的成熟有赖于专业编辑学的成熟；目前编辑出版课程的设置限制了编辑学科的发展；编辑现代化不仅是工具的现代化，而且是理念的现代化。     

从研究走向实践的国外数字图书馆绩效评估

论文着重介绍了近年来国外图书馆界在数字图书馆绩效评价方面的研究和实践成果。     

Indigenous knowledge for development: Bringing research and practice together

Information and knowledge are an increasingly important part of trade in today's knowledge society. The concept of access to this information and knowledge is at the heart of such a society. Basically, this access depends on two types of factors, technological and cultural. The technological factors determine the physical requirements for disseminating information including communications, transportation, printing, and the technology of organizing information. The cultural factors determine to what extent the people who possess the knowledge are willing to share it and place it in social domain. (Adapted from Mokyr, J. [(2002). The Knowledge society: Theoretical and historical underpinnings. Retrieved May 22, 2005, from http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan011602.pdf]).To make effective use of information/knowledge, it has to be shared and distributed, and its transmission through learning is essential. The world vision of a truly global knowledge partnership becomes possible only when the people of the developing countries participate as both contributors and users of knowledge. There is, therefore, a need not only to bring global knowledge to the developing countries, but also to learn about indigenous knowledge (IK) from these countries, paying particular attention to the knowledge base of the poor.     

An exploratory study: Using adapted interactive research design and contributive research method

This paper describes a nuanced methodological approach that responds to the notion that knowledge is socially positioned.MethodFour researchers sought to answer: How can Contributive Research Method be employed in a workshop with participants to build knowledge, provide trustworthy data collection, and leverage the opportunity to revise open content? Using an Adapted Interactive Model of Research Design (adapted from Maxwell, 2009) for engaging in the Contributive Research Method (Puig et al., 2018), data was gathered from an online satellite event, involving 34 institutions from Australia, New Zealand and Asia. Of the 97 participants, 57 contributed data. The presentation utilized digital tools (Mentimeter, and Hypothes.is) with an online learning community to promote the wellbeing of librarians.ResultsAn Adapted Interactive Research Design (AIRD) together with a Contributive Research Method (CRM) (Puig et al., 2018) and CAST analysis (AIRD with CRM + CAST) were effective as a nuanced research design.ConclusionsContributive Research creates an opportunity to truly blend research with the scholarship of learning and teaching where it could be used in Higher Education during lectures and potentially in classrooms. Findings contribute to the body of literature on methodology and may be applicable to similar studies.     

Beliefs, attitudes and perceptions about research and practice in a professional field

Using the theory of planned behavior as a theoretical framework, survey data from 121 authors in the professional field of school librarianship (40% of whom were practitioners) were used to identify beliefs about publishing in the field, attitudes to research and publication, perceived social norms and social influences on research and publication, and perceived barriers to research and publication. The journals in which the authors prefer to publish and their reasons for journal choice are also reported. This is the first reported study to specifically address reasons for publication choice in a professional field, and it indicates that relevance to practice is an important consideration, in addition to scholarly rigor, when authors in professional fields consider where to publish their research. The views and motivations of full professors, other researchers and practitioner-authors were surprisingly similar, although practitioners—who had less research preparation than researchers—were less confident about their ability to conduct and write-up research. Additionally, researchers other than full professors, and practitioners, reported that the encouragements of peers and supervisors or senior colleagues were important social influences for research and publication.     

高校图书馆保护非物质文化遗产的理论与实践研究

本文通过对非物质文化遗产定义的揭示，阐述了非物质文化遗产的现状和保护的意义，探讨高校图书馆在非物质文化遗产保护中应起的作用，并结合工作实践探索高校图书馆如何开展非物质文化遗产保护工作。     

出版研究要在理论与实践结合上下功夫——《出版产业散论》序

我国出版界有一批既从事出版实际工作又对出版理论研究有一定兴趣的"两栖"出版人,他们以自己的理论研究支撑和推动着出版实践,反过来又以自己的出版实践不断丰富和发展出版理论,使两者达到有机统一.     

Communication of research to practice in library and information science: Closing the gap

A widely held concern in library and information science (LIS) is that the relationship between research and practice, and particularly the communication of research to practice, is flawed. Through critical analysis of the literature, the authors examine the nature of the gap between research and practice, strategies to reduce the gap, and research on the effectiveness of the strategies. Eleven types of gap are identified: knowledge, culture, motivation, relevance, immediacy, publication, reading, terminology, activity, education, and temporal. Strategies proposed in the literature emphasize ways to increase practitioner research activity and to close the publications gap. Only one of the proposed strategies, inclusion of research reports in practitioner publications, is supported by research. The authors propose further research to evaluate this and other strategies based on recognition of a wider range of channels for communication of research to practice and the role of intermediaries between researchers and practitioners.     

Hiding in plain sight: Paratextual utterances as tools for information-related research and practice

Through a qualitative content analysis of a purposive sample (the 2010 finalists of the Canadian Governor General's Literary Awards in both French and English), this study investigates what information can be gleaned from the book-as-object using peritext as a research tool. Using the theories of Gérard Genette, who defined the paratext, and Pierre Bourdieu, this research posits that paratextual utterances serve as an expression and tool of the cultural realm of publication and can be used for informational purposes in library and information science (LIS) research and practice. Findings indicate that the peritext is a rich source for gathering information about authorship and publishing as it reveals contextually relevant information, shares the author's informational tools, constructs the author, markets titles, and provides relevant information for specific age groups and genres. Discussion centers on the impact for libraries and the LIS community, with a focus on readers' advisory.     

Linking research to practice: the rise of evidence-based health sciences librarianship

Purpose:

The lecture explores the origins of evidence-based practice (EBP) in health sciences librarianship beginning with examples from the work of Janet Doe and past Doe lecturers. Additional sources of evidence are used to document the rise of research and EBP as integral components of our professional work.

Methods:

Four sources of evidence are used to examine the rise of EBP: (1) a publication by Doe and research-related content in past Doe lectures, (2) research-related word usage in articles in the Bulletin of the Medical Library Association and Journal of the Medical Library Association between 1961 and 2010, (3) Medical Library Association activities, and (4) EBP as an international movement.

Results:

These sources of evidence confirm the rise of EBP in health sciences librarianship. International initiatives sparked the rise of evidence-based librarianship and continue to characterize the movement. This review shows the emergence of a unique form of EBP that, although inspired by evidence-based medicine (EBM), has developed its own view of evidence and its application in library and information practice.

Implications:

Health sciences librarians have played a key role in initiating, nurturing, and spreading EBP in other branches of our profession. Our close association with EBM set the stage for developing our own EBP. While we relied on EBM as a model for our early efforts, we can observe the continuing evolution of our own unique approach to using, creating, and applying evidence from a variety of sources to improve the quality of health information services.