Teaching Consultation for Mental Health and Educational Settings

A course in consultation is increasingly becoming part of the required graduate curriculum of counseling psychologists/counselors who are training for employment in mental health and educational settings. It seems that most textbooks on consultation are devoted to theory and practice, and most journal articles on the topic focus on research outcomes. There is also a paucity of literature regarding practices in methods of teaching consultants for mental health and educational settings. This article outlines a practical model for teaching consultation skills that includes didactic presentations, demonstrations, and simulation experiences.     

An Integrative Approach to Teaching Consultation and Supervision

This article describes an approach to teaching consultation and supervision. The course treats the two helping processes as natural outgrowths of counseling within an integrated conceptual framework. The course is not meant to train specialists in consultation and supervision. Rather, it is designed to help future practitioners gain adequate understanding of the two helping functions and acquire attitudes and skills required for consulting and supervisory roles. The didactic component of the course is based on the Three-Dimensional Intervention Model. It helps clarify the generic unity and specific differences of consultation and supervision vis-à-vis counseling. The course structure also provides students with opportunities to adapt counseling skills to situations typical in consulting and supervisory work.     

Counseling Made Transparent: Pedagogy for a Counseling Theories Course

The authors describe an innovative practice in classroom pedagogy for teaching counseling theories. In an attempt to make the counseling process “transparent” for students, instructors demonstrated clinical thinking using monologue and dialogue during role plays conducted in class. Support for this approach is offered, and feedback from students in the course is presented.     

Teacher change: ideas emerging from a project for the teaching of university mathematics

This paper reports the changes that occurred in the didactic approaches of three professors who participated in a project intended to develop new ways of teaching mathematics to second year university students. An enactivist perspective is used to address the process of change that emerged as a result from interactions during project meetings. We describe changes in the participants' actions by looking at data obtained from the meetings and the classrooms. Teachers were able to ‘see more’ and modify their teaching practices incorporating a more open and flexible approach in accordance to their structural state which depended on their previous history. Therefore, the results varied. It was possible to observe, however, similar changes in all members of the group which included the use of vocabulary from learning theories and the inclusion of in-depth reflections on teaching and learning.     

Integrating Social Justice Into Counseling Theories Pedagogy: A Case Example

As they explore counseling theories, students are encouraged to examine their own values, attitudes, and beliefs to find congruence with these theories. This traditional approach inadequately addresses the social injustices that may be perpetuated by selecting theories that further oppress clients and other marginalized communities. Prilleltensky (1997) introduced a social justice paradigm, emancipatory communitarianism, to address the limitations of existing theories on the basis of their underlying values. The authors discuss how incorporating emancipatory communitarianism and values discussions into counseling theories pedagogy can enhance critical thinking and self‐exploration among developing students. Implications for counseling pedagogy, practices, and research are discussed.     

The Use of Cinema in the Counselor Education Curriculum: Strategies and Outcomes

The authors discuss the use of motion pictures to provide learning experiences for students in counselor education programs. A review of the counseling literature revealed many references to teaching with films; only 2 articles, however, recommended using film in counselor education. This article includes activities for teaching diagnosis, counseling theories, interventions, and ethics. Positive feedback was received from 182 graduate students who responded to a 5‐item qualitative and quantitative follow‐up questionnaire after they completed such a course.     

Using a Popular Film in Counselor Education: Good Will Hunting as a Teaching Tool

The popular film Good Will Hunting, which portrays a counseling relationship, is discussed as an effective tool for facilitating the teaching of counseling theories. This article describes the authors' experience using this movie as a teaching tool, documenting the students' improved comprehension and application of course concepts and the instructor's improved rapport with the class.     

Relationship between Science Teaching Practices and Students’ Achievement in Singapore,Chinese Taipei,and the US: An Analysis Using TIMSS 2011 Data

The assumption that inquiry-based instruction is more effective in influencing student science achievement than traditional didactic teaching has been the driving force of science education reform in recent decades and in many countries. However, the empirical relationship between these two kinds of science teaching and student science performance is not soundly established, which is worth a careful examination. Framed through the theoretical perspectives of inquiry-based instruction and culturally relevant pedagogy, using a two-level hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) approach and simultaneous multiple regression, this study examines the above relationship using the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2011 8th grade dataset from Singapore, Chinese Taipei, and the US. The study found that for the low-performing students, none of the inquiry-based teaching practice items measured had a significant relationship with the science achievements at any performance levels of students in any country/region except for the case of two inquiry-based teaching practice items that were positively related to Chinese Taipei students’ achievements. No didactic teaching practice items were associated with the Singapore students’ science achievement, three of these practice items were found negatively related to Chinese Taipei students’ science achievement, and one traditional didactic teaching practice was negatively related to the science achievement of U.S. students. However, for medium- and high-performing students, none of these inquiry-based or traditional didactic science-teaching practices were found to be positive predictors of science performance in all three countries/regions. However, in the case of Chinese Taipei, one didactic teaching practice item was negatively related with the medium level performing students’ achievement and two didactic teaching practices were found to hinder high-performing students’ science achievements.     

Infusing Mentoring and Technology within Graduate Courses: Reflections in practice

This article provides an overview of relevant connections that can be used to strengthen an instructor's mentoring abilities, specifically those connections between adult development, technological interaction elements, use of course management software, and corresponding mentoring practices. From a context supported by literature within adult development and computer-mediated communication, the authors examined a series of courses at a large university and how mentoring and instruction were infused. In this article, mentoring refers to a collective process that guides and facilitates a learner's educational growth. The unique nature of adult learners and their educational needs emphasises the need for a facilitative rather than a didactic approach in technology-supported courses. Various facets of interactions and the concept of transactional distance provide an additional framework from which to examine professional practice. The authors recommend further refinement and development of the mentoring practices that infuse emerging technologies and facilitate the teaching and learning process.     

A conceptual change approach to staff development: A model for programme design

With the rapid expansion in tertiary education in the past decade, coupled with the rising emphasis on accountability, teaching quality has become an important issue in higher education worldwide. The increasing emphasis on quality has placed new demands on staff development, in particular to find promising models and methodologies that will guide development approaches. The paper describes an innovative approach to staff development that was synthesized from four theories about conceptual change or change in general. This conceptual change approach is based on the hypothesis that changing teachers' conceptions of teaching towards more elaborated levels will bring about improvement in their teaching practices. A short course derived from this model is outlined.     

Teachers’ collaborative learning – development of teaching in group discussions

Teacher learning and the development of in-service education for teachers are both an active area of research and a broad challenge. In working as teachers, theory and practice are often seen as divided, or problems in teaching and the requirements of development are solved on the basis of experience. This study focuses on collaborative teacher learning as part of an in-service education course that supports teachers in connecting learning theories with practical knowledge and that aims to create new knowledge and practices for teaching. The starting points for the study are the changes of the curriculum and theories of learning. The aim is to analyse developing of teaching in teachers’ collaborative group discussions and how the theoretical knowledge of learning theories is connected with developing teaching practices. The research method of the study was data driven, systematic and qualitative analysis of the content of the discussion. The research data consist of video recorded group discussions of two teacher teams from the in-service education course meeting. The analysis focused on developing talk and further, on finding interconnections between the developing talk and the theories of learning. The analysis shows three different ways how the learning theories emerged in method developing talk. The findings indicate that theoretical knowledge can be used or left unused and imply that creating and changing teaching practices is challenging. However, the findings show that theoretical, research-based knowledge on learning theories can be applied to developing teaching practices in the teachers’ collaborative knowledge creation process. Long-term in-service education based on collaborative knowledge creation and supporting the interconnection of theoretical knowledge of learning and experience knowledge of teaching is a promising way to arrange and develop in-service education.     

高职思想政治理论课实践教学问题探析

高职院校培养对象的特殊性和思想政治理论课内容目标的特殊性决定了思政教师必须重视抓媚实践教学。遗憾的是在教学实践中仍存在着对于思政课实践教学的认识不足、实施不当等问题。究其屑因,是把思政课实践教学简单化为社会实践的单一模式。其实,更加实用和更可操作的是课堂实践教学。因此,思政课教师需要继续探索校内、课堂实践教学模式。     

基于CDIO的数据库课程教学模式研究

在CDIO(Conceive,Design,Implement,Operate)教育理念的引导下,改变以理论内容为主线讲授数据库课程的教学模式,对课程内容及目标重新部署,强调实践和理论并重,同时给出了基于CDIO模式的数据库课程教学体系、实施建议及评价方法.本文论述的模式符合课程的教学理念和实际需要,在实践中取得了较好的教学效果.     

英语教学中的文化教学方法探讨

在英语教学中,语言教学与文化教学都占有十分重要的地位,学习者在掌握语言技能的同时,还需提高跨文化交际能力。现以《英语国家社会与文化》课程为例,通过教学理论与课堂实践的结合,总结出相对有效的文化教学方法,包括直观教学,情境教学和参与式教学等,并且探讨如何利用这些方法获得良好的教学效果,同时对教学过程中出现的问题进行反思。     

Multisim在电工与电路基础课程教学中的应用探索

电工与电路基础课程由于理论性强、知识点多,在教学过程中有效激发学生学习兴趣是一个很重要的问题。本文通过2个实例,研究了如何在课程教学中针对一些重难点问题,通过引入Multisim仿真,使知识点的讲解更加清楚、易于理解。实践证明,将仿真引入电工与电路基础课堂教学中可以极大地激发学生的学习兴趣,提高教学效果。     

A Didactic Sequence of Elementary Geometric Optics Informed by History and Philosophy of Science

The concepts and instruments required for the teaching and learning of geometric optics are introduced in the didactic process without a proper didactic transposition. This claim is secured by the ample evidence of both wide- and deep-rooted alternative concepts on the topic. Didactic transposition is a theory that comes from a reflection on the teaching and learning process in mathematics but has been used in other disciplinary fields. It will be used in this work in order to clear up the main obstacles in the teaching-learning process of geometric optics. We proceed to argue that since Newton’s approach to optics, in his Book I of Opticks, is independent of the corpuscular or undulatory nature of light, it is the most suitable for a constructivist learning environment. However, Newton’s theory must be subject to a proper didactic transposition to help overcome the referred alternative concepts. Then is described our didactic transposition in order to create knowledge to be taught using a dialogical process between students’ previous knowledge, history of optics and the desired outcomes on geometrical optics in an elementary pre-service teacher training course. Finally, we use the scheme-facet structure of knowledge both to analyse and discuss our results as well as to illuminate shortcomings that must be addressed in our next stage of the inquiry.     

谈师范院校“教育学”课程陷入教学困境的原因及对策

由于教育理论的发展一贯地滞后于教育实践,才使人们忽视教育理论的指导作用,认为教育缺乏实效性。传统教育学课程只侧重在怎样教上,对学生怎样学置之不理,不能体现教育的双边活动。摆脱教育学课程教学的困境,是个综合效应问题。要纠正对教育学课程功能的认识,加强教育学学科的自身建设,使教育学课程成为教师职业训练必不可少的知识支柱。     

Straddling Teacher Candidates’ Two Worlds to Link Practice and Theory: A Self-Study of Successful and Unsuccessful Efforts

Abstract

This self-study examines a teacher educator’s quest to provide an integrated practice-and-theory approach to learning to teach that places the experiences of the teacher candidates at the centre of the curriculum by focussing on their developing questions, challenges and issues through socio-constructivist discussions of their emerging practices. Constraints of university structures with regards to offering such an approach are discussed, including the impact that offering seminars on the university campus rather than in schools has on teacher candidates’ ability to integrate theories and practices of learning to teach. The research questions guiding this study include: How can I understand what process candidates actually undergo during practicum in the development of their ability as teachers vis-à-vis my course?, and How can I re-structure and re-organize my course to enhance the development of candidates’ practice as teachers? Data include interviews with volunteer student participants before and after observations made during classroom visits as well as discussions with groups of students. Analysis is based on reading and rereading the data as well as discussing it with the larger research team. The findings include the realization of how little of my course is integrated into my teacher candidates’ teaching, how much greater the influence of their mentor teacher is, and the extent to which teacher candidates need explicit help and guidance to transform or reframe their teaching. The article concludes with specific suggestions for adjusting a seminar associated with the practicum to enhance the development of a practice-and-theory approach to teaching.     

Differential supervision and cognitive structure effects on empathy and counseling effectiveness

The present study investigated the effects of didactic and experiential supervision procedures on the judged counseling effectiveness of high and low cognitive complexity counselor trainees. Subjects in the two supervision groups (N=16) were trained in attending, questioning, and reflection of feeling over three sessions. Training consisted of exposure to videotaped counseling models, discussion of the model's behavior with the supervisor, videotaped role playing of therapy, and discussion of the therapy with the supervisor. Training was exactly the same for both groups except for supervision. A control group (N=8) did not receive any training. All subjects, including controls, were pre- and post-tested for counseling effectiveness as measured by judged tape ratings on the 25-item Counselor Effectiveness Scale and four scales designed to assess affective, exploratory, listening, and honest labeling responses.High complex subjects responsed more favorably to the didactic supervision significantly outperforming both the high complex controls and the low complex didactic subjects on four of the five dependent measures, whereas high and low complex subjects did not respond differentially to the experiential supervision. The results were discussed in terms of fitting the complexity of the students to the supervision approach in selecting students for counseling programs.This paper was presented at the International Round Table for the Advancement of Counselling, Thessaloniki, Greece, April 1980, and was based partly on the senior author's doctoral disser tation (University of Maine, 1978).     

Teaching Graduate Career Classes: A National Survey of Career Instructors

Ninety‐one instructors reported their attitudes toward teaching a master's‐level career development course. The participants represented counseling programs in 41 states. The areas of focus included the theories taught, activities and assignments used, course evaluation processes, and advice the participants would offer to other instructors. Implications for counselor education and directions for future research are also discussed.