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1.
周晓红 《海外英语》2011,(4):285-288
The questions concerning vocabulary acquisition have been explored for years.Among all these researches,there is a basic assumption that learners can acquire words from incidental exposure to written texts.Quite a number of empirical studies have testified the hypothesis,in which,the relationship between reading tasks and incidental vocabulary acquisition(IVA) has become an interest in the field of second language acquisition(SLA) studies.The present study presents some theories and studies about the positive effects of reading tasks on IVA and suggests future research on the related topics.  相似文献   

2.
《Educational Assessment》2013,18(3):257-272
Concern about the education system has increasingly focused on achievement outcomes and the role of assessment in school performance. Our research with fifth and eighth graders in California explored several issues regarding student performance and rater reliability on hands-on tasks that were administered as part of a field test of a statewide assessment program in science. This research found that raters can produce reliable scores for hands-on tests of science performance. However, the reliability of performance test scores per hour of testing time is quite low relative to multiple-choice tests. Reliability can be improved substantially by adding more tasks (and testing time). Using more than one rater per task produces only a very small improvement in the reliability of a student's total score across tasks. These results were consistent across both grade levels, and they echo the findings of past research.  相似文献   

3.
Most studies have looked at spelling as it occurs in the test or experimental situation. It is argued in this paper that spelling is only properly understood when account is taken of the complexity of processing involved in written language production.

A study is reported in which the performance of 48 12‐year‐old subjects, drawn from nine classes in eight schools, was examined on five different writing tasks based on a common theme. Separate comparisons were made between matched pairs of good and poor spellers, and between males and females, on a number of performance measures. Results are discussed in terms of the characteristics of the different tasks and their effects on the performance of different groups of children.  相似文献   


4.
This paper deals with a teaching approach aimed to help students become aware of targeted techniques of significance in problem solving. The teaching approach is to present a series of tasks that all can be solved by applying the same technique. Two levels of prompting are used; first for the students to realize solutions without necessarily being cognizant of the technique, second for them to perform further mathematical modeling that should highlight the similarities in solution shared by all the tasks. In the fieldwork, a teaching sequence based on this approach is implemented for a technique involving enumeration via constructing a bijection. Certain factors in the students' behavior suggested that their realization of the technique at the end was not as secure as desired. Some modifications of the teaching sequence are proposed to counter these factors.  相似文献   

5.
6.
Motivational Effects on Self-Regulated Learning with Different Tasks   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
In our cognitive motivational process model (Vollmeyer &; Rheinberg, Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 12:11–23, 1998) we assume that initial motivation affects performance via motivation during learning and learning strategies. These variables are also central for self-regulation theories (e.g., M. Boekaerts, European Psychologist, 1:100–122, 1996). In this article we discuss methods with which the model can be tested. Initial motivation with its four factors challenge, probability of success, interest, and anxiety was measured with the Questionnaire on Current Motivation (QCM; Rheinberg, Vollmeyer, &; Burns, Diagnostica, 47:57–66, 2001). As an indicator for the functional state we assessed flow with the FKS (Rheinberg, Vollmeyer, &; Engeser, Diagnostik von Motivation und Selbstkonzept [Diagnosis of Motivation and Self-Concept], Hogrefe, Göttingen, Germany, 261–279, 2003). We also used different tasks, including a linear system, a hypermedia program, and university-level classes. In general, our methods are valid and with them we found support for our model.  相似文献   

7.
以大连市某小学40名五年级学生为被试,通过改变加工负荷和加工时间,考察了加工负荷和加工时间对工作记忆广度任务成绩的影响。结果表明,加工负荷和加工时间对工作记忆广度任务成绩有重要影响,加工负荷越高,被试的工作记忆广度任务成绩越低;加工时间越长,被试的工作记忆广度任务成绩越高。  相似文献   

8.
This study examined the effects of biofeedback and relaxation training on memory tasks among 48 hyperactive boys randomly assigned to experimental and control conditions for three treatment sessions. Results indicated that subjects exposed to the biofeedback and relaxation training achieved higher scores on memory tasks compared to controls.  相似文献   

9.
10.
Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of varying the biology-chemistry sequence for students in college-preparatory high schools. Two schools, one in which students scheduled biology before chemistry, and the other chemistry before biology, furnished students (N = 514) for the study. The curricula of the two schools were compared and found to be similar, with the exception of the biology-chemistry sequence. The student groups were compared and found to be similar in entering ability. The measuring instrument used in the evaluation was the ACT Natural Sciences Reading Test. All subjects took the test on the same testing date. Separate comparisons were made for the graduating years of 1980, 1981, and 1982. The general conclusion of the study was that varying the sequence for the two courses produces no sizeable effect on test performance.  相似文献   

11.
通过调查某大学30名英语专业四年级学生的记笔记行为,试图揭示记笔记的两大功能(解码功能和外储存功能)对不同类型的任务表现(近迁移和远迁移)的影响。实验表明:记笔记与不记笔记(解码功能)对近迁移和远迁移任务表现没有显著影响,复习笔记与不复习笔记(外储存功能)对近迁移任务没有显著影响,但对远迁移任务却有显著的消极作用;还讨论了该结果对英语教学的启示,包括对考生参加含有记笔记任务的测试的指导意义等。  相似文献   

12.
This study explored the effects of prior achievement and group outcome on college students′ attributions and affective reactions to cooperative tasks. Following a group assignment, students responded to a questionnaire measuring their attributions for self, attributions for their group partners, and several affective variables. Results indicated that students′ prior achievement strongly influences their attributions for their partners while group outcome influences self-attributions. Both prior achievement and group outcome influence affective reactions to the assignment. Specifically, high-achieving students may suffer negative motivational consequences in cooperative learning tasks.  相似文献   

13.
Preservice teachers in a science methods course were provided instruction on performance assessment, then guided through a design and implementation process of performance assessment tasks. We assessed the effect of designing and implementing a performance assessment task on preservice teachers' understanding of standards-based assessment. The findings show that these preservice teachers improved in their understanding of assessment as a formative process as well as their science content understanding of the topic addressed in their designed task. We found that preservice teachers need to experiment with performance assessment tasks in an authentic context in order to understand the full potential and value of the task.  相似文献   

14.
We examine the respective roles of substantive understanding (i.e., understanding of factual knowledge, concepts, laws and theories) and procedural understanding (an understanding of ideas about evidence; concepts such as reliability and validity, measurement and calibration, data collection, measurement error, the ability to interpret evidence and the like) required to carry out an open-ended science investigation. Our chosen method of analysis is Charles Ragin’s Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis which we introduce in the paper. Comparing the performance of undergraduate students on two investigation tasks which differ with regard to the amount of substantive content, we demonstrate that both substantive understanding and an understanding of ideas about evidence are jointly involved in carrying out such tasks competently. It might be expected that substantive knowledge is less important when carrying out an investigation with little substantive demand. However, we find that the contribution of substantive understanding and an understanding of ideas about evidence is remarkably similar for both tasks. We discuss possible reasons for our findings.
Barry CooperEmail:
  相似文献   

15.
对外语学习焦虑和听力焦虑对学生听力成绩的影响进行了探索,实验结果表明外语学习焦虑和听力焦虑是两个既互相独立又相互影响的现象,它们与学生的听力成绩呈负相关关系。实验还表明外语学习焦虑和听力焦虑都与学生的在校时间呈负相关,男女生焦虑水平存在显著差异。研究结果表明教师应该努力减少学生在听力课堂上的焦虑感,为听力学习创造一个宽松的环境。  相似文献   

16.
17.
作为教育哲学的教育知识论要完成以下基本任务,也就是回答一系列基本问题:(1)回答“教育知识指什么“,(2)回答“教育知识从何来“,(3)回答“教育知识有何用“,(4)回答“教育知识如何用“,(5)回答“教育知识的学科化形式--教育学是怎样的“.  相似文献   

18.
筝是我国具有两千多年历史的民族特色弹拨乐器,古人曾用"弹筝奋逸响,新声妙入神"的生动诗句来描绘筝演奏的艺术性所达到令人神驰的境界。近年来,在筝曲的创作与艺术实践之中,优秀的现代筝曲不断涌现。本文通过对所选取的现代筝曲《层层水澜》进行分析,解析曲作者的创作意图及表现手法,探究作品的艺术本质和精神内涵,为在表演中更好地体现作品的艺术特色提出见解和建议。  相似文献   

19.
This study was conducted to investigate whether the use of videotape recordings is an effective method of teacher education prior to full‐time teaching practice. Two groups of students were used for the study. The first group was allowed to practice their classroom skills through micro‐teaching with the aid of video recording equipment. The second group also practised their skills through micro‐teaching but without the aid of video recording equipment. At the end of the study it was discovered that the group which used the video recording equipment had made more significant progress in the mastery of the specified teaching skills  相似文献   

20.
本研究采用了实验的方法,以言语、非言语性任务,意外转移与表征变化任务为变量,考察了不同语言能力的88名3-4岁幼儿的错误信念理解能力。研究结果发现,降低错误信念任务对语言能力的要求并不能改变幼儿在错误信念理解上的年龄特征;在3岁和4岁两个年龄组中,语言能力超常的幼儿在各项实验任务上的表现均好于语言能力一般的幼儿。  相似文献   

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