Quality of life of nursing home residents before and after reminiscence therapy

This study was conducted to determine the effects of reminiscence therapy as a nursing intervention on the quality of life (QOL) of nursing home residents. This was a quasi-experimental study with a single-group pretest and posttest design. Sampling inclusion criteria were being 65 years of age or older, ability to communicate, lack of hearing impairment, lack of dementia or any given psychiatric disorder, and volunteering to participate in the study. Participants included 32 nursing home residents, who were divided into groups of 2–5 and received a total of 12 sessions of group reminiscence therapy. After the intervention, a decrease was noticed in the total score and subdomain test scores of a QOL scale. Although the study design did not allow confirmation of the effect of reminiscence, analysis showed some useful indications for further research. Additionally, participants stated that the reminiscence program might be a meaningful activity for nursing home residents.     

The Relationship Between Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Chronic Diseases,and Depression Among Older Korean Immigrants

It has been identified that performance of Activities of Daily living (ADL) and chronic disease are predictors of depression for older Asian immigrants. This study examined the independent and interactive effects of ADL performance and chronic disease on depressive symptoms among older Korean immigrants. Data from 210 older Korean immigrants in Los Angeles County were analyzed. Self-reported measures included sociodemographic characteristics, ADL performance, chronic disease, and depressive symptoms. A hierarchical regression model indicated that performance of activities of daily living were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Also, older Korean immigrants with more chronic diseases were more likely to have depressive symptoms. The interaction between ADL performance and chronic diseases was significantly associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms (β = .46, p < .05). Findings suggest that it is critical to develop various strategies for enhancing immigrants’ ability to perform activities of daily living; this can lead to increased independence and reduced chronic illnesses, thus, improving overall quality of life.     

Interaction of activity involvement and recreational location selection behavior in Lowland City： A case study of public parks in Saga City, Japan

INTRODUCTION Public parks are representative of city green ar-eas that provide numerous recreation opportunities to the people in the community. At the same time, public parks offer social, economic, and environmental benefits. High quality park service contributes to urban quality, but requires a large city government budget on personnel, parks resources, and admini-stration to maintain public parks’ high quality of ser-vice. In order to maintain and explain the budget for public parks…     

Activity Engagement: Perspectives from Nursing Home Residents with Dementia

Engagement in social and leisure activities is an indicator of quality of life and well-being in nursing homes. There are few studies in which nursing home residents with dementia self-reported their experiences in activity engagement. This qualitative study describes types of current activity involvement and barriers to activities as perceived by nursing home residents with dementia. Thirty-one residents participated in short, open-ended interviews and six in in-depth interviews. Thematic content analysis showed that participants primarily depended on activities organized by their nursing homes. Few participants engaged in self-directed activities such as walking, visiting other residents and family members, and attending church services. Many residents felt they had limited opportunities and motivation for activities. They missed past hobbies greatly but could not continue them due to lack of accommodation and limitation in physical function. Environmental factors, along with a fixed activity schedule, further prevented them from engaging in activities. Residents with dementia should be invited to participate in activity planning and have necessary assistance and accommodation in order to engage in activities that matter to them. Based on the findings, a checklist for individualizing and evaluating activities for persons with dementia is detailed.     

护理干预56例轻中度血管性痴呆患者的临床观察

目的探讨护理干预对轻、中度血管性痴呆患者的影响。方法将56例轻、中度血管性痴呆患者采用在一般护理的基础上予心理、康复等干预。结果对轻中度血管性痴呆患者采取综合护理干预方法,效果满意。结论护理干预可提高血管性痴呆患者的认知功能、智能和日常活动能力,对疾病康复有积极的促进意义。     

ADULTHOOD AND REMINISCENCE: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

Although reminiscence is a behavior common to all ages, research to date has been conducted only with older adults. This study sought to explore the phenomenon with adults of various ages with the anticipation that comparative information would lead to a better conceptualization of the behavior and its functions. It was hypothesized that there would be no difference in what adults reminisced about, why they reminisced, or how they reminisced with respect to age, sex, education, or socioeconomic status. A sample of 309 adults ranging in age from 18 to 90 were asked to complete a survey exploring various aspects of reminiscence. Analysis of variance and chi‐square were used to assess differences in reminiscent behavior across age, sex, education, and social class. There were no systematic differences with regard to education or social class. On several dimensions sex emerged as a more important variable than age, suggesting that age may not be as important a consideration in simple reminiscence as has been previously assumed.     

Quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants: focusing on living arrangements and social capital

This study examines the relationship between living arrangements, social capital, and quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants in the United States. For this purpose, data were collected from 205 Chinese immigrants aged 65 years and above who did not have any cognitive disorders and were living in Los Angeles County. The primary variables considered included demographic data, living arrangements, social capital, and the quality of life. Results showed that the quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants was significantly influenced by their life with a spouse or children and traits of social capital, such as trust, partnership with the community, and political participation. Findings indicate that trust, partnership, political participation, and living with a spouse or children are closely related to the quality of life of elderly Chinese immigrants. This study highlights the importance of developing a community atmosphere and policy to enhance elderly Chinese immigrants’ social participation, trust, and life with family members to further improve their subjective quality of life. Results may have implications for elderly immigrants from other countries, as well.     

What shapes the self-esteem of elderly Filipinos working beyond the retirement age? A structural equation model (SEM)

Previous studies have indicated that major transitions in life such as retirement or exit from working life may contribute to the normative decline in self-esteem. A growing trend on elderly’s labor force beyond retirement invites the conduct of more empirical studies on the dynamics of self-esteem among the elderly group. Anchored on the Self-Determination Theory, this study is an attempt to test a model that examines the impact of social support, health promotion, activities of daily living and anxiety on the self-esteem of a select group of Filipino elderly working beyond the retirement age. Two-hundred eighteen (218) working elderly from the capital of the Philippines participated in this exploratory study. Data gathered from a multi-aspect questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS version 19 and AMOS version 19. Results of structural equation model (SEM) indicated that social support; activities of daily living and health promotion have direct effects on self-esteem, thus supporting the hypotheses. A direct relationship exists between elderly activities of daily living and their social support and anxiety. Notably, an inverse relationship exists between elderly anxiety and factors such as health promotion and self-esteem. The emerged model in this study could serve as valuable tool for nurses in enhancing nursing care aimed at promoting the psychological-well-being and occupational health among the elderly.     

试论体育的社会适应功能

人们在体育活动中或竞赛中形成的交往合作、竞争、遵守规则的意识和行为，会迁移到日常社会生活、学习、工作中去，有利于社会适应能力的培养。体育活动有利于提高人体适应各种自然环境的能力；有利于促进人际关系的发展；有利于提高社会生活的适应能力。     

The Empty Nest Syndrome: Ways to Enhance Quality of Life

Empty nest syndrome occurs as a result of urbanization and loosened relationships among family members. It may threaten the life quality of older adults and stability of society as a whole. This survey was designed to investigate the situation and factors that influence the life quality of a sample of older adults in a western state. Thirty-five respondents completed surveys that included questions relating to quality of life and living conditions of older adults living in the empty nest. This study showed that although most of the people did not live with their family members, the relationship with their family members appeared to greatly influence their life quality. It also showed the healthier they were and the more activities they participated in, the higher their life qualities were.     

运动疗法在脑卒中康复方案中的应用研究

通过对于脑卒中的康复方案和运动疗法的研究,论述科学的治疗方案对于脑卒中康复的重要性,并根据不同患者的特点找出合理的运动康复方案。选取2012年5月至2013年5月我院收治脑卒中患者56例,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各28例,其中观察组采用运动疗法进行康复治疗,对照组则进行常规康复治疗。实验后即对两组的运动功能及日常生活能力指数进行评定分析。结果发现,56例患者经治疗后情况均有好转,对照组经常规治疗后运动功能评分与日常生活能力指数较治疗前有所提高（P〈0．05）;观察组的运动功能评分与日常生活能力指数较治疗前则显著提高（P〈0．01）。两组间比较,观察组的评分提高较对照组明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。因此,应用运动疗法在脑卒中患者康复治疗中能明显提高患者的生活质量与运动能力,较常规疗法具有较强优势。     

中学生生活适应辅导及其内容探析

生活适应性，是指个体在面对日常生活环境时，能够积极主动地、有效地通过调整身心状态或改造生活环境，使自身和生活环境协调起来的行为反应倾向。中学生生活适应性是在日常生活环境中，在现实的生活情景和个体已有心理素质结构尤其是生活适应性发展水平的相互作用过程中逐步形成的。其中，个体面对生活情景时所特有的情感和态度对个体主动调整以积极适应生活环境变化起着重要作用。中学生生活辅导的内容主要涉及生活观念、生活习惯、生活技能和生活方式四个方面。     

Perceived social support,quality of life and satisfaction with life in elderly people

The aim of this study examines the relationship between quality of life, satisfaction with life and multidimensional perceived social support in people aged 65 years and older. The implementation part of the study was carried out with elderly people living in the city center of Burdur, Turkey. Data were collected in March 2018 from 517 participants and then assessed. The results of the analyses revealed that perceived social support explained 11.7% of the total variance in the satisfaction with life, 22.1% of the total variance in the quality of life. In addition to, the perceived social support and the quality of life explained 28.6% of the total variance in the satisfaction with life. And the quality of life was the most influential variable on the satisfaction with life. The findings of this study suggest that making improvements to the elderly people social support and quality of life will increase their satisfaction with life.     

Evaluating anticipatory grief as a moderator of life and marital satisfaction for spousal caregivers of individuals with dementia

It is important to understand the role that anticipatory grief may have in moderating the interaction between relationship quality and marital and life satisfaction to help improve the awareness among professionals when identifying challenges individuals may experience while providing care to their romantic partner. This awareness may then lead to new ways of providing education or intervention to caregivers that may result in higher quality of care to individuals with dementia. The purpose of this study was to provide increasing awareness by evaluating the moderating role of anticipatory grief between perceptions of the relationship and marriage and life satisfaction. The sample of this study consisted of 90 spousal caregivers of individuals with dementia. Multiple regression was used and it was found that attachment and perceived closeness significantly predict satisfaction with life and marriage. Tests of moderation did not demonstrate that anticipatory grief served as a moderator for marital satisfaction or life satisfaction. The findings from the study provide information related to informing and structuring interventions and psychoeducation activities for spousal caregivers.     

Dementia-related work activities of home care nurses and aides: Frequency,perceived competence,and continuing education priorities

ABSTRACT

An understanding of the specific dementia learning needs of home care staff is needed to plan relevant continuing education (CE) programs and supports. The study’s objective was to examine frequency and perceived competence in performing 20 dementia-related work activities, and identify CE priorities among home care staff. A cross-sectional survey of all home care staff in a primarily rural health region was used to gather data. Of 111 eligible staff, 82 participated (41 nursing aides, 41 nurses/case managers). To explore the relationship between activity frequency (F) and competence (C), the proportion of nurses and aides in four quadrants for each activity was examined: (1) low F-low C, (2) low F-high C, (3) high F-low C, and (4) high F-high C. Nurses/case managers were significantly more likely than aides to regularly perform 11 activities and to report high competence in 9 activities (p < .05); aides were more likely to assist with two activities (personal care and daily living activities). Thus, nurses/case managers performed a broader range of activities and reported higher competence overall. The top CE topic for both groups was recognizing differences between dementia subtypes, but rankings for most activities varied by group. Aides’ CE priorities indicated a desire to develop competence in low frequency-low competence activities, suggesting an expanded role in supporting dementia patients and their families. Nurses’ CE priority topics were in the high F-high C quadrant, indicating a need to further develop competence in these activities. Findings have implications for planning CE programming for home care providers.     

IN SEARCH OF MEANING: A REMINISCENCE PROGRAM FOR OLDER PERSONS

A pilot evaluation is reported of a reminiscence program aimed at increasing personal meaning. Fifty-seven older persons completed both a sentence completion questionnaire measuring personal meaning and a depression scale administered before and after the program. In comparison to a group from a representative survey that was matched on life contexts, the personal meaning profile of the intervention group was more negative and more focused on self. Hence, a group with impoverished meaning was participating in the program. After the intervention, the personal meaning profile was more positive, in particular with regard to self-evaluations and evaluations of social relations. The group that improved most on depression also improved most on personal meaning. Further research on the program is warranted.     

网络攻击及其防范

随着计算机网络更深地融入到社会经济和人们生活，很多商务活动和个人工作学习信息都是通过计算机网络进行的，该文结合实践提出了有关网络攻击及防范的相关知识。     

Impact of childhood maltreatment on physical health-related quality of life in U.S. active duty military personnel and combat veterans

Previous studies have found an association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and to a lesser extent have considered whether psychiatric symptoms may explain the relationship. This study aimed to further our understanding of the link between CM and HRQoL by testing whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and physical HRQoL. Mediation models were examined in a sample of male Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) active duty and combat veterans (n = 249). PTSD and depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between CM and overall physical HRQoL, as well as participation in daily activities due to physical health, bodily pain, and social functioning. Mediation of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and physical and social functioning by depression and PTSD symptoms may lend support to neurobiological hypotheses that childhood maltreatment sensitizes the nervous system and after repeated trauma may lead to the development of psychiatric symptoms, which have a major impact on morbidity and mortality.     

老年人的膳食营养与体质健康的作用

根据老年人的生理特点和老年人健身体育活动的特点,论述了我国老年人的营养与健康:随着社会的发展和人民生活水平的提高,健身体育运动对提高老年人的健康水平、扩大社会交往、延缓衰老、提高生命质量、丰富文化娱乐生活、延年益寿都具有举足轻重的作用.因此要求把健康的概念引申到社会,经济和文化等方面.     

从营盘山遗址看古营盘山人社会——对哀牢国区境个体区域社会发展水平的分析

根据营盘山遗址的考古勘查试掘出露情况,结合附近区域零星出土的遗存,对古营盘山人当时的社会发展水平进行综合分析。认为这一时期的营盘山人过着村落聚居的定居生活,他们的生产生活器具群水平有了很大的进步,原始审美观和原始艺术有了发展,生活质量达到了一定的水准,私有制可能已经萌生。其所处的时代,约属父系氏族公社晚期,甚或已跨入奴隶制社会的大门,是哀牢国形成期较为进步的区域之一。他们族属百越族系,是今汉藏语系侗傣语族的先民中的一支。