期刊编辑文后署名确有必要

针对文后编辑署名期刊呈增多的趋势,从编辑署名是告示、表明责任、体现编辑主体价值和署名起鞭策与监督作用4个方面论述编辑署名的好处,并提出编辑于文后署名的建议.     

论科技论文学术不端教育中的编辑角色

对于科技论文的学术不端有检测、惩治和教育几个环节。针对不同的作者,编辑应采取相应的学术不端教育策略:高职称、高学历作者——润物无声式;在读研究生作者——柔中带刚式;女性、35岁以下、低学历者和低职称作者——谆谆教诲式。这对编辑自身的素质也有一定的要求。     

学术不端文献检测系统的使用建议

为充分发挥学术不端文献检测系统(简称AMLC)的作用,有效提高期刊编辑辨别学术不端文献的能力,建议在使用AMLC初审稿件时,将AMLC的检测结果作为参考依据,发挥编辑的主观能动性,从学术的角度审视全文,具体分析判断来稿是否存在学术不端及其程度,在使用AMLC时遵守保密原则,防止产生负面效应。     

医学期刊编辑在论文审查中应注意的伦理学问题及对策分析

为提高医学期刊编辑的伦理审查意识，文章总结了医学期刊编辑在论文审查中常见的伦理学问题:临床研究型论文是否经过伦理委员会批准、患者知情同意，是否遵守隐私保护、保密原则及对照原则等；动物实验研究型论文能否遵守3R（替代、减少、优化）原则，保障动物福利，尽量减少实验动物的痛苦和死亡。提出以下对策:规范稿约中伦理审查相关规定，重视医学伦理学知识的普及和提高，充分发挥伦理学审稿专家的作用，与科研机构伦理委员会保持紧密联系。     

国内学术期刊刊登撤稿声明的分析

刊登撤稿声明是学术期刊配合学术打假的重要手段。分析从国内数据库中检索到的45篇撤稿声明和被撤的55篇论文,发现因各种学术不端引起的撤稿占64％,大多数被撤论文仍能在数据库中找到全文。初步探讨了被撤论文的特点和发布撤稿声明时应注意的问题。     

科技学术出版中的灰色不端行为分析及对策

为了维护和促进学术诚信,对科技学术出版中的灰色不端行为进行研究。在界定"灰色不端行为"的基础上,分析一篇论文标注多项基金、论文署名不实、腊肠论文、操纵数据等4种灰色不端行为的表现形式、特点及其形成原因和危害,提出供科技期刊编辑参考的防范措施。认为科技期刊需要不断了解变化的和新出现的学术行为规范,判断性地思考和使用这些规范来应对学术不端问题。     

An Error is an Error… is an Erratum: The Ethics of not Correcting Errors in the Science Literature

This essay provides an unpalatable perspective on classifying the reluctance of authors, editors or publishers to correct their erroneous literature as being unethical. Authors who publish papers that carry errors and who take laurels for such publications, but who then fail to correct reported errors at a post-publication stage should be classified as unethical, and their act or irresponsibility as misconduct. Similarly, editors and publishers who fail to revise erroneous literature when claims are factually correct, independent of the volume of claims, are also in violation of their codes of conduct and professional responsibilities towards the scientific community and society. This essay provides a critical outlook on this issue which has begun to plague the post-publication movement in science, and which deserves urgent attention and focus.     

Coping with Publication Misconduct

COPE, the Committee on Publication Ethics, was founded in 1997 by a small group of concerned biomedical journal editors in the United Kingdom. Over twelve years it has grown to more than 5,000 members worldwide, with several major scientific publishers signing up all their journal editors. It meets quarterly when editors seek advice on handling suspected misconduct. COPE publishes a code of conduct for member editors, guidelines on good publication practice and other matters, and flowcharts on how to deal with common problems, and provides a unique database of over 500 individual cases. It is now expanding beyond biomedicine and grappling with new problems related to the advent of new styles of electronic publication.     

科技期刊编辑对学术不端论文的识别——以《护理学报》为例

以《护理学报》为例,总结科技期刊编辑审稿过程中对学术不端论文的识别.对于“枪手”论文,可从与作者电话沟通中识别,从审稿费汇款信息识别,从网站投稿注册信息识别,以及从作者所在科室与论文研究方向吻合度识别;对于篡改或伪造数据论文,可通过仔细审查文章数据,分析数据与所得统计结果之间是否存在漏洞或矛盾之处,若有质疑则要求作者提供数据输入统计软件的原始表格及统计软件所导出的原始分析结果;对于抄袭中文论文者,可通过多个学术不端文献检测软件结合Baidu、Google等网络平台进行多重检测;对抄袭外文论文者,可通过论文的语言表达、与作者交流等途径识别.     

Excessively Long Editorial Decisions and Excessively Long Publication Times by Journals: Causes,Risks, Consequences,and Proposed Solutions

Editors have very complex tasks and high responsibilities. In general, they are chosen leaders and experts in a field of study. Thus, they are expected to lead a sector of that scientific community, and their function is to serve as gate-keepers of the quality of submissions to journals whose editorial boards they serve because of their ethical and professional image, and positive and open engagement with their peers. Publishing a scientific paper can be an arduous task and in some cases a lengthy one. However, any delay in this process not only serves as a form of stress for authors, it may also disadvantage them by giving their competition an unfair advantage with a head start in the publishing rat race. Consequently, editors who oversee a process that takes an excessive or unreasonable amount of time should be held accountable. In this paper, we propose some suggested time limits for each stage of the publishing process. These should be carefully monitored by the editors, in close collaboration with the publisher, to ensure a fair and timely process that is realistic and reasonable. With clearer guidelines, authors can thus reduce their stress levels by knowing when to expect decisions, and can thus make their journal selection by keeping such factors in mind, and thus hedge their risks and better manage their time. Authors who wait almost indefinitely, or for excessively long periods of time, are victims of a lack of professionalism. Furthermore, editors who fail to communicate delays, effectively or at all, or who fail to offer any sufficient or heartfelt apology should be characterized as acting with professional negligence, if not misconduct. Only when the rules of engagement are fair, strict, clear and well defined can authors expect the publishing system to progress smoothly and professionally.     

学术不端防范中科技期刊编辑的主体意识

阐述编辑主体意识在学术不端防范中的重要性,分析编辑主体意识不强的具体表现.认为科技期刊编辑在防范学术不端工作中要发挥主体意识:收稿前对作者加强学术道德教育;初审时通过多种途径查询学术不端;对发表前的稿件再次把关;主动借助社会监督;对有学术不端行为者进行惩治.     

学术期刊编辑的学术不当与不端行为辨析及防范

近年来学术不端问题时有发生,这也是学术界一直在热议和讨论的问题。学术不端不仅发生在作者身上,在编辑身上也存在。本文在分析编辑的学术不当与不端行为的基础上,提出通过加强编辑的质量意识及职业道德建设、制定严格的管理和监督制度、建立诚信档案等约束编辑行为的措施,使编辑真正成为学术质量的守门人。     

Challenges of Interviewers' Institutional Positionings: Taking Account of Interview Content and the Interaction

Interviewing is a much used methodological tool in communication and other social sciences. For discourse analysts, interviewing is often judged to be both overused and poorly used; to understand communicative life, researchers should be observing interaction rather than asking people to report their stories, experiences, or beliefs. As discourse scholars we agree with many of the criticisms fellow discourse scholars have made, but we disagree that interviewing should be avoided. Our paper has two purposes. The first is to describe an interview design and interpretation issue that needs attention. The issue is the effect of an interviewer's institutional positioning on interview answers, a concern that only becomes visible when we look at actual interview interaction. The second purpose is to sketch out an approach that takes interview interaction and the troubles that arise in it seriously while also addressing the substantive topics/issues that motivated interviewing in the first place. After reviewing the major challenges of research interviewing, we analyze interview excerpts in two different research projects. We show how interviewers' institutional positionings caused misalignment and interactional trouble. In the conclusion we consider how to understand and use these kinds of unavoidable interactional troubles to arrive at interesting and persuasive interpretations of the topical foci of interviews.     

利用统计方法与规律发现论文数据造假

期刊编辑在防范学术不端过程中起着重要作用,其一即发现问题。期刊编辑可以在EXCEL中验证统计学结果,以发现统计数据造假;可以利用统计检验量分布值与P值对应规律以及区间值与P值对应规律,发现数据造假。这些方法为防范学术不端体系增加了利器,期待有更多学者发掘相关规律与分享成果。如欲发现论文的数据造假,期刊编辑首先须提高数据审查意识,其次应提升统计学素养与能力。发现数据造假,还必须要求来稿提供统计检验量值与精确P值。在论文评议流程中,建议增设数据与统计学审查流程,以加强对数据的把关力度。     

医学期刊编辑初审过程中对“枪手”论文的识别

医学论文代写代发现象严重,医学期刊编辑应当在初审环节注意对“枪手”论文的识别,以避免低质、伪造论文传播造成的不良后果.目前单单使用学术不端文献检测系统(AMLC)来检测,已经不能很好地识别“枪手”论文.《大连医科大学学报》编辑总结了一些识别“枪手”论文的经验:关注注册账户用户名及密码的规律性,作者手机号码及登录系统所用IP地址的归属地,作者学历、职称以及论文本身质量等相关信息,可以很好地识别“枪手”论文.认为编辑有义务遏制学术不端,净化学术环境.     

关于防范科技论文中“隐性”学术不端行为的建议

举例阐述编辑工作中发现的几种“隐性”学术不端行为,以引起编辑同人对类似问题的注意.分析出现这类学术不端行为的原因:作者诚信意识淡薄、期刊重视度不够以及相关惩处机制不完善.针对这些问题提出相应的防范建议,以期从责任编辑、审稿专家及监管部门3个方面共同维护学术诚信.     

论学术不端的深度防范

定量测试内容篡改和字序变更对学术不端检测系统(AMLC)查重的影响,发现字序更改和有无“触媒”都能极大地影响AMLC的检测结果.认为期刊编辑部应加强出版队伍建设,发挥编辑主观能动性和主人翁意识,合理使用AMLC及其检测结果,以达到深度防范学术不端,提高期刊质量的目的.     

科技期刊编辑如何正确认识撤稿和规范撤稿流程

就近年来国内外撤稿事件频发现象,给出了撤稿的定义、目的与主要原因,提出了何时应该采取撤稿、关注或更正的判别标准;对在撤稿过程中如何处理所出现的学术不端行为与相关注意事项进行了详细阐述,并对如何撰写、发布和引用撤稿声明给出了建议.文章旨在为科技期刊编辑正确认识撤稿和规范撤稿流程提供参考.     

图片中学术不端的类型与防范措施

学术不端行为屡见不鲜。近10年来文本查重工具的出现对学术出版中文字剽窃或重复相似度的检测比对已见成效,但图表中剽窃、篡改及伪造等不端行为却不易察觉和检测。本文主要针对学术出版中各种与图片相关的学术不端案例,进行了系统分析、归类与定义;梳理收集了目前国际上对图片造假、重复和剽窃的鉴别方法、检测工具及效果评估;提出了正确分析图片原创性的一些建议与方法,力求与国内同行共同探讨防止图片中的学术不端行为的标准与规范,确保学术出版回归原创,保护版权。     

在营造健康学术环境中编辑的责任与作为

通过分析论文发表对科研人员的作用和影响,认为编辑在与作者交流的过程中,若能本着服务科研的态度,体谅科研人员的苦衷,在稿件初审、同行专家评审意见整理、编辑加工和定稿等环节中帮助作者,不仅能及时制止学术不端行为的发生,而且可潜移默化地影响作者,让科研人员感受到关爱,这可为科研人员营造一种健康的学术环境。