论道家自然美学观与刘克庄的“本色”诗论

刘克庄是南宋江湖诗派的领袖,他受道家自然美学观的影响,形成了追求自然天成的诗学思想。刘克庄在批判宋诗流弊、指导江湖诗人创作的基础上,进一步提出"本色"的诗学理念,并和严羽互相发明。刘克庄还把自然天成的美学观念和"本色"理论用于指导自己的创作和广泛的文学批评实践。     

Environmentally significant life experiences: the look of a wolf in the lives of Ernest T. Seton,Aldo Leopold and Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente

A primary aim of environmental education is to promote environmental values. Significant life experiences (SLE) are a powerful, fast and long-lasting way to achieve this objective, but they have received little scholarly attention thus far. As examples to help us characterize SLE and understand their function, the cases of three well-known environmentalists, Seton, Leopold, and Rodríguez de la Fuente, will be studied. All three environmentalists came into contact with wolves and looked them in the eye. These experiences, described as SLE, resulted in major changes in these environmentalists’ lives. Although SLE are not reproducible on demand, by studying these cases through the narratives and biographies of these environmentalists, we can shed light on how to facilitate or promote, when possible, the acquisition of deep and lasting values through environmental education.     

Learning in the Finnish outdoor classroom: Pupils’ views

ABSTRACT

Finnish nature schools are environmental education organisations offering outdoor programmes for classes in natural environments. They are intended to contribute to the aims of the national curriculum in various subjects. This qualitative study examines how students describe their learning in a nature school context and how they describe differences between learning in nature and learning in the classroom. After a nature school day, 30 10–11-year-old pupils participated in focus groups interviews. The data were analysed through inductive content analysis. Nature school learning was described as cognitive, affective, social and as providing practical skills learning, although some pupils claimed that they had not learned anything. The differences between the learning environments were described as differences in learning activities, concreteness, external conditions, learning topics, perceived ability to concentrate and differences in motivation. We stress the importance of reflection on learning in order to raise pupils’ awareness of their outdoor learning.     

论苏霍姆林斯基环境教育思想及其对我国学校德育的启示

苏霍姆林斯基是前苏联著名教育家，他的环境教育思想颇具特色，他认为，要充分认识和发挥大自然环境的教育作用。并要注意创设学校教育环境，从而较好地对学生进行德育，提升同情心，培养德性，塑造和谐发展的个人，苏氏的这一教育思想对我国当前学校德育有着重要借鉴作用，即在教育中要充分重视德育环境的作用与影响，注重德育的序列性和层次性，实现德育社会化，发挥教育主体的自我教育作用。     

A Review of “Fields of Green: Restorying Culture,Environment, and Education”

This essay describes an educational initiative that used environmentally themed (green) hip-hop to stimulate learning in an environmental science classroom. Students were then challenged to compose their own green hip-hop and their lyrics demonstrated skills that have thematic consistency around what is called a Critical Ecological Literacy (CEL). An analysis of more than 200 creative pieces collected from eight runs of this curriculum over four years shows that CEL can be used as a guiding concept for the creation of curriculum targeting urban areas and racially diverse learners. Several examples of this student-produced green hip-hop are shared to delineate elements of CEL that can help educators evaluate student learning as well as their own teaching materials.     

汉法自然精神探析

法自然是一种法律文化现象,其源于古代“天人合一”的思想。先秦时期,许多思想家对其进行了阐述。西汉时期,董仲舒在继承前人的基础上对法自然加以综合论证,最终使其由学术理论走向了法律实践。在汉代法自然主要表现为司法上的“秋冬行刑”司法时令说、则“天”理狱及“灾异赦宥”制度等。法自然自汉代形成之后,不仅对当时的社会产生了巨大的影响,而且被历代封建王朝奉为法律圭臬而加以继承,一直延用到清末法律现代化之前。     

Resources in Review

Abstract

Atomic Ghost: Poets Respond to the Nuclear Age , edited by John Bradley with an introduction by Terry Tempest Williams. Minneapolis, MN: Coffee House Press. 1995. 330 pages. Softbound, $15.95.