关于国家重点实验室评估的思考

评估在国家重点实验室建设管理中发挥了至关重要的作用。20多年来,科技部根据国家科技体制改革的总体思路和实际评估中的经验、问题等对国家重点实验室评估方法及评估指标体系进行了逐步规范和完善。最新修订的《国家重点实验室评估规则》更加注重代表性成果的水平与国际学术影响,强调合作研究与自主研究课题的组织实施,加强青年骨干人才培养。新评估规则首次在化学领域国家重点实验室评估中应用,得到相关实验室和科技界肯定的同时,也仍然存在若干问题。通过对评估中存在的各类实际问题进行分析,有针对性地提出了增加海外通讯评估、将实验室日常管理与评估相结合等改进措施,进一步促进国家重点实验室整体建设管理水平的提高。     

适应高等教育改革 开展专业实验室评估

从适应高等教育管理体制改革的角度,结合该校开展专业实验室评估的实际工作,阐述了开展专业实验室评估的迫切性。同时,对实验室评估的作用和发现的问题作了剖析。     

专业实验室评估的实施与体会

在基础课教学实验室评估的基础上,该校组织专业实验室评估,使全校实验室实现了规范化管理。本文根据该校专业实验室评估情况,就以评估为契机,以评促建,切实加强实验室建设,提高实验教学水平等问题,阐述了该校的具体做法、收效与体会。     

实验室项目绩效模糊评价模型的构建及应用

针对目前实验室项目评估过程中的评估主体缺位、评估指标不明、定性与定量评估相脱节等问题,应用目标一致性、可行性、可操作性和定量与定性相结合四大原则,确立实验室项目评估指标体系,运用1～9标度层次分析方法得到了评价指标评估矩阵和权重向量,进行了指标权重的计算及一致性检验,将定性评估与和定量评估进行了结合,构建了实验室项目的模糊评价模型.该模糊评价模型为加强高校实验室建设与管理提供了一种量化评价方法,能较客观地对实验室项目进行评价,辅助决策者决策,使实验室评估更加正规化、科学化、系统化.     

适应等教育改革 开展专业实验室评估

从适应高等教育管理体制改革的角度,结合该校开展专业实验室评估的实际工作,阐述了开展专业实验室评估的迫切性。同时对实验室在的作用和发展的问题作了剖析。     

加强制度建设,巩固和发展实验室评估成果

评估合格的实验室如何巩固和发展评估成果,保持实验室建设的连续性,是评估后必须解决的问题。本文论述了在实验室建设和管理中加强制度建设的重要性,介绍了我校在“双基”实验室评估后加强实验室制度建设的一些作法、体会和设想,强调了制度的完善、创新和执行。     

以评促建,加强国家重点实验室建设运行管理

该文论述了以国家重点实验室评估为契机,以评估标准为指南,结合实验室的具体问题和特点,认真总结梳理,寻找差距和不足,全面加强实验室的建设和管理,以良好的状态接受评估.     

省级重点实验室绩效评估工作的完善与思考

绩效评估是江苏省重点实验室管理的重要环节之一,评估工作对江苏省重点实验室起到了以评促建、以评促发展的作用。对江苏省重点实验室的评估规则和指标体系进行分析,结合参评实践,针对评估工作中存在的各类实际问题展开讨论,并有针对性地提出了完善评估指标体系、优化评估程序、简化评估材料等改进措施,对进一步提高江苏省重点实验室的管理水平有借鉴意义。     

三角模糊层次分析法在高校实验室评估中的应用

实验室评估是高校实验室建设与管理的一项重要工作,对提升实验室建设水平具有重要作用。针对目前高校实验室评估工作的现状和存在的问题,提出采用三角模糊层次分析法对高校实验室进行评估。根据高校实验室的发展目标和评估标准,建立了高校实验室的2级评估指标体系,共包括7项1级指标与35项2级指标。介绍了三角模糊数的定义与运算法则等相关基本理论。给出了基于三角模糊层次分析法的实验室评估步骤,并详细论述了指标权重矩阵的确定方法。最后,通过应用实例对该方法进行了验证。结果表明,三角模糊层次分析法在高校实验室评估中具有较好的可行性和实用性。     

国家重点实验室评估的指导作用浅析

国家重点实验室评估是科技部全面检验和督促实验室建设和运行的重要手段,在保证实验室正常良好运行、快速健康发展中发挥至关重要的作用。为全面深入理解国家重点实验室评估,根据国家重点实验室评估规则,结合2011年3月作物生物学国家重点实验室评估情况,全面分析了国家重点实验室评估对实验室建设和运行的督促和指导作用,指出了在确立实验室定位、加强人才团队建设、加强科研交流与合作、制度建设和条件建设等方面的促进作用,详细阐述了实验室在凝练研究方向、完善运行管理机制、加强人才团队建设、扩大对外开放交流、加大支持力度等方面的措施及意义。国家重点实验室评估为实验室的建设指出了问题、指明了发展方向。     

高校土地置换中的产权与外部性问题分析

高校的土地置换不是一个简单的位移问题。高校产权的认可和归属关系到对高校土地置换中产权主体和交易主体的确定;高校的位移导致代表高校历史和文化的无形资产的流失;高校土地置换中的外部效应即城市文化空心化和高校发展边缘化,是影响土地置换方案合理性评价的重要因素。     

Defining Strategic and Excellence Bases for the Development of Portuguese Higher Education

A self‐assessment model was developed for the Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs) which was based on an empirical study aiming at better understanding their strategic and quality management and innovation practices and tools and on the study of several quality assessment models developed both for HEIs and business organisations. From the results obtained it was possible to conclude that the model can be successfully applied to HEIs as a self‐assessment tool to support their continuous quality improvement efforts.     

Standardization techniques for grade‐inflation problems at higher educational institutions of Ethiopia: the case of Addis Ababa

Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is a measure that is used to display the achievement of college students in Ethiopia. It also serves as a key yardstick in career and scholarship assessment. In recent time there has been a rapid massification of higher educational institutions (HEIs). Many academics believe that the expansion has increased a tendency for grade inflation in Ethiopia. As an objective comparison of the quality of graduates from different HEIs is not easy, this study has attempted to discern the CGPA differentials across sample HEIs in Ethiopia and to derive a new standardization technique for their comparison. The study identifies different grading patterns, not only across college categories but also along various batches of HEIs. To generate the standardization technique, both CGPA and the ESLCE (Ethiopian School Leaving Certificate Examination) are employed to derive the Normalized Index. The index is used to adjust not only the inflated but also the deflated CGPAs. The quality of the index could be further improved by incorporating additional variables and also by validating the method over a large set of HEIs.     

我国民办高等学校区域分布、时间变化及其影响因素分析

民办高等学校数是衡量我国民办高等教育发展状况的一个重要指标。以往的研究证明,经济发展和公立高等教育发展是影响民办高等教育发展的两个重要因素。本文建立了以民办高等学校数为因变量,以GDP和公立普通高等学校数为自变量的回归模型,并利用我国31个省、自治区和直辖市2002年、2005年和2006年的有关数据,对回归模型进行了统计分析,结果表明民办普通高等学校区域分布及其时间变化受GDP及其变化的显著影响;独立学院区域分布受公立普通高等学校数的显著影响;民办高等学校区域分布及其时间变化同时受GDP和公立普通高等学校数及其变化的显著影响。以市为单位进行的分析发现,以省为单位的分析结果会低估公立普通高等学校对于民办普通高等学校的积极影响。     

“高校去行政化”命题之反思

"高校行政化"是指高等学校与行政机关在体制构成和运作方面有着基本相同的属性,高校按照行政体制的结构和运作模式来建构和运行。当前,高校行政化具体表现为高校"等级设置的行政化"、"机构设置的行政化"、"管理和运行的行政化"等方面,由此引发高校办学、人才培养等一系列问题。破除高校行政化是建设中国特色的现代大学制度的必然选择,为此,应通过改进校长遴选方式、实行扁平化管理等多渠道改革,努力构建良好的大学学术生态环境。     

Quality,pedagogy and governance in private Higher Education Institutions in Egypt

Building on a mixed method research approach, this article reports on an analysis of the difference between public and private higher education institutions (HEIs) in Egypt in terms of teaching methods, quality assessment approaches and alumni engagement. An analysis of the survey data compared the experiences of 1 713 graduates of both private and public HEIs. Qualitative case study data seeks to explain the noted differences and similarities. The analysis showed that both types of institutions fall short of providing student-activating teaching methods; engaging students in quality assessment; or supporting graduates through job placement services. The analysis related the similarity between the two types of institutions to the state governance approach and its focus on education inputs, recommending a shift to an accountability regime that is focused on education outcomes and performance.     

我国民办高等学校区域分布、时间变化及其影响因素分析

本研究结果表明:民办普通高等学校区域分布及其时间变化受GDP及其变化的显著影响;独立学院区域分布受公立普通高等学校数的显著影响;民办高等学校区域分布及其时间变化同时受GDP和公立普通高等学校数及其变化的显著影响。以市为单位进行分析发现,以省为单位的分析结果会低估公立普通高等学校对于民办普通高等学校的积极影响。     

Can national research assessment exercises be used locally to inform research strategy development? The description of a methodological approach to the UK RAE 2008 results with a focus on one institution

National mechanisms for comparing the research profiles of higher education institutions (HEIs) have become increasingly common. Probably the best known of these is the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) conducted in the United Kingdom, and used as the basis for the allocation of research funding. Such exercises are expensive. They would have additional value if the data could be used by HEIs to inform the development of their research strategies. In this paper we use publicly available RAE outcome data to demonstrate this potential. We contrast the two units’ research profiles with other units of assessment within the HEI, with other like-units nationally, and finally we examine the relative performance of all the HEI’s units of assessment against their national counter-parts. Finally we discuss the kinds of insights these data may offer in the development of research strategy at the level of the institution, and at the level of the School or Department.     

高等学校职能判断标准初探

高等学校的社会职能,是高等教育与社会发展关系的一个基本问题。高等学校的职能具有历史性。科学技术的进步,经济社会的发展,必然要求高等教育与之相适应,因此,高校新的职能迟早会出现。高等教育史证明,哪个国家及早对高校的新职能做出判断并付诸实践,哪个国家的高等教育就会有历史性的突破和质的改变。对现有高校职能的审视告诉我们,客观性、目的性、社会需要性,以及以一种思想为先导和经常性的学校活动,是判断高校职能的标准。     

Evaluating the potential effect of the increased importance of the impact component in the Research Excellence Framework of the UK

The UK's Research Excellence Framework (REF) is a system that is intended to evaluate the quality of the research produced by higher education institutes (HEIs) in the UK in three areas: quality of research outputs; impact of this research beyond academia; and research environment. For the next REF, the funding bodies have reviewed the importance of the three assessment elements and decided to increase the weight of ‘impact’ to 25% (from 20% in REF2014) and decrease the weight of ‘outputs’ to 60% (from 65% in REF2014). This article first examines the relevance of some factors for the quality of impact submissions in REF2014 and finds that larger submissions and institutes with higher external research income received better impact scores in the REF. The article then examines the units of assessment (UoAs) and HEIs that benefitted from the inclusion of the impact agenda as part of REF2014 by examining the distribution of the quality-related research (QR) funding in the 2017–2018 period and finds that the QR funding gap among different UoAs tends to decrease but the gap among HEIs in most of the UoAs increased. With the increased importance of the impact agenda as a criterion for funding bodies, it is expected that research income will be concentrated in fewer universities in the future, with the increased importance of non-academic impact. This article also discusses some of the gaming strategies and long-term investment priorities that HEIs may engage in based on the new submission rules of the next REF.