论斯坦贝克的《逃亡》原型及其普世性

从原型理论角度看,斯坦贝克的作品《逃亡》主人公皮皮的逃亡过程实际上是其追求心理个体化(Indi-viduation)的象征过程。由于"个体化"过程的普遍性,事件发生时间的模糊性,活动环境的原始性,该作品不仅成为斯坦贝克创作普世性的又一例证,而且对一直以来把他片面定位为"无产阶级"作家是一个纠偏。     

《土生子》逃离主题探析

在残酷的种族歧视的社会环境下,小说《土生子》主人公别格沦为美国社会的局外人并因杀人而锒铛入狱。理查德赖特通过挖掘黑人犯罪的制度根源,塑造了一个为了寻求自身价值而抗争的黑人新形象,揭示了在种族歧视的＂白色恐怖＂的合围中,主人公别格怀着对平等和自由的向往和追求、不堪忍受不公正环境的压抑而逃离的主题。     

语言测试反拨效应理论研究综述

本文从研究内容、研究方法两方面进行了统计分析并对反拨效应理论发展及最新负面反拨效应研究发展进行了综述。其中重点研究方向是负面反拨效应。     

Using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate cross-cultural research: identifying and understanding non-invariance

Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) allows researchers to determine whether a research inventory elicits similar response patterns across samples. If statistical equivalence in responding is found, then scale score comparisons become possible and samples can be said to be from the same population. This paper illustrates the use of MGCFA by examining survey results relating to practising teachers' conceptions of feedback in two very different jurisdictions (Louisiana, USA, n?=?308; New Zealand, n?=?518), highlighting challenges which can occur when conducting this kind of cross-cultural research. As the two contexts had very different policies and practices around educational assessment, it was considered possible that a common research inventory may elicit non-equivalent responding, leading to non-invariance. Independent models for each group and a joint model for all participants were tested for invariance using MGCFA and all were inadmissible for one of the two groups. Inspection of joint model differences in item loadings, scale reliabilities, and scale inter-correlations established the extent of non-invariance. This paper discusses the implications of non-invariance within this particular study and identifies difficulties in using an inventory in cross-cultural settings. It also provides suggestions about how to increase the likelihood that a common factor structure can be recovered.     

Sensitive educational research in small states and territories: the case of Macau

This paper explores the sensitivities of conducting educational research in small states and territories, where the very act of conducting research, aside from its purposes or focuses, is itself a sensitive matter. The paper takes a ‘critical case study’ of Macau and examines cultural, educational, political, micro‐political, interpersonal and practical issues, overlaid by characteristics of Chinese culture, that must be factored into the planning and conduct of research in the territory. It suggests that compromises and trade‐offs have to be made in educational research in small states and territories, and argues that researchers must anticipate a range of problems in advance, and, through ingenuity, networking and sensitivity, overcome them. The magnification of sensitivities in small states and territories contributes to their special educational ecology; investigating these is frequently an interpersonal as well as a research matter.     

中美航线飞越北极最短时间

利用把不定长转化为定长和建立数学模型的方法,借助空间立体图形、函数、控制测量学、计算机编程及物体间相互运动等知识,解决了从北京到底特律飞行航线最短,应用于实际中。     

浅析国际收支误差与资本外逃

我国近年来国际收支中误差与遗漏项目的数额与方向变化反映出我圆圆际收支统计中产生了一些问题。其中,资本外逃是我国误差与遗漏项目长期偏向借方的一个重要原因。资本外逃若不加以控制,将对我国的经济产生负面影响。可以通过采取完善金融体制,综合使用财政政策、货币政策和汇率政策,合理引进外资,加强对资金流动的监督,建立、健全涉外企业的有关财务制度等方法来拉制资本外逃。     

本科空乘专业教学中模拟教学法的应用

从沈阳大学本科空乘专业现状入手,论述了模拟教学法在空乘专业课程中应用的实施过程、优势与问题,并提出了改进建议。总结了模拟教学突出学生主体,以活动、任务和问题为载体,以"教学准备、情境创设、任务实施、点评总结"为步骤的四步教学法。     

Multiple methodologies: using community-based participatory research and decolonizing methodologies in Kenya

In this project, we examined the development of a sustainable inclusive education system in western Kenya by combining community-based participatory research (CBPR) and decolonizing methodologies. Through three cycles of qualitative interviews with stakeholders in inclusive education, participants explained what they saw as foundational components of how to create more inclusive primary school classrooms utilizing existing school and community resources. The combination of CBPR and decolonizing methodologies, along with other project factors ultimately led to more inclusive placements for primary students with disabilities. We highlight this increase enrollment of students with disabilities in primary schools with excerpts from qualitative interviews with participants. In addition to the increase of the number of students with disabilities accessing schools for the first time, we found many methodological tensions inherent in this research. Such challenges included: researcher positionality, researcher outsider status, decolonizing approaches to language, and disseminating results in meaningful, ethical, and culturally appropriate ways.     

意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)飞翔肌的发育

全变态昆虫肌肉的转化与脊椎动物肌肉损伤修复有很大的相似之处。本文以意大利蜜蜂飞翔肌的发育阐明这一观点。两者的相似性表现为:①参与肌肉修复和成蜂飞翔肌形成的成肌细胞来源于胚细胞;②飞翔肌的发育过程中肌肉的转化和肌肉损伤修复均有幼虫残余肌丝或损伤部位残余肌丝和成肌细胞融合,成肌细胞与成肌细胞之间的融合等现象。这些结果为全变态昆虫肌肉的转化作为了解脊椎动物肌肉再生知识的便利模型的可行性,提供了理论依据。     

Development of chemical engineering course methods using action research: case study

This paper reports on the systematic development of a teaching methodology for two chemical engineering courses. The aim was to improve the quality of teaching to achieve expected learning outcomes more effectively. The development was carried out over a period of several years based on an action research methodology with data systematically extracted from student feedback and teacher reflection. Two new development targets were set every year based on teacher reflection and analysis of the data. Using action research as a development tool is an approach that can also be adopted in many other teaching fields. The results show that persistent development work leads to better learning outcomes and positive course feedback.     

Distance teaching in small rural primary schools: a participatory action research project

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study is to identify and examine the distance teaching practices of four teachers in three small, rural primary schools in Finland – small in the sense that the schools consists of between 20–50 pupils and between 3–12 teachers. The schools have experienced a decline in pupil numbers, thus, they are not able to employ teachers full-time. The participating teachers imagined distance education as one solution to extend the classroom and faculty. Practice architectures is used as a theoretical and analytical framework to answer the question ‘What cultural, material, and social discourses constitute the development of the practice around distance education in small, rural primary schools?’ The data consists of interviews with and video blogs by the teachers recorded during 2016–2017. The implications are that cultural-discursive, material-economic, and social-political arrangements surrounding distance education are intertwined in small schools. Architectural arrangements enabled flexible solutions when developing distance education. The same arrangements proved to be material and cultural constraints as the teachers had many responsibilities in their everyday practice and support from the faculty was sometimes lacking. The teachers felt constrained by the technology and communicating with pupils at a distance meant they had to develop new teaching strategies.     

运用课堂教学视频案例开展教师校本研修的思考

“聚焦课堂”,提升课堂教学质量,已成为目前校本研修的重要着力点。课堂教学视频案例提供的真实可信的课堂和超媒体环境,为研究课堂教学、激发教师自主反思,实现教师专业化发展,提供了有效的平台,将成为校本研修的新型工具。     

基于P3D的飞机飞行航迹数据回放演示程序设计

在传统的飞机飞控系统教学中,通常以曲线形式显示飞机的姿态、舵面等数据,直观性不强,学生的学习难度较大,针对这一问题,利用虚拟仿真技术,基于P3D平台,设计了飞机飞行航迹数据回放演示程序,能够直观地将飞机的飞行姿态、舵面等数据以真实形象的三维场景表现出来,降低了学生的抽象思维难度,提高了学习效率。     

美国研究型大学本科生科研发展概述

美国研究型大学本科生科研活动的开展经历了不同的发展阶段,20世纪90年代以后有了很大的发展。本科生科研活动作为教育改革重要的措施之一得以不断扩展和完善,并且日益融入美国研究型大学以研究为本的本科教育体系改革之中。     

Exploring ethical issues associated with using online surveys in educational research

Online surveys are increasingly used in educational research, yet little attention has focused on ethical issues associated with their use in educational settings. Here, we draw on the broader literature to discuss 5 key ethical issues in the context of educational survey research: dual teacher/researcher roles; informed consent; use of incentives; privacy, anonymity, and confidentiality; and data quality. We illustrate methods of addressing these issues with our experiences conducing online surveys in educational contexts. Moving beyond the procedural ethics approach commonly adopted in quantitative educational research, we recommend adopting a situated/process ethics approach to identify and respond to ethical issues that may arise during the conduct, analysis, and reporting of online survey research. The benefits of online surveying in comparison to traditional survey methods are highlighted, including the potential for online surveys to provide ethically defensible methods of conducting research that would not be feasible in offline education research settings.     

论抽逃出资罪存在的必要性及重构

新公司法将注册资本"实缴登记制"改为"认缴登记制"后,废除抽逃出资罪的呼声越来越高,2014 年 4月24日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第八次会议明确公司法修改后刑法中的抽逃出资罪只适用于依法实行注册资本实缴登记制的公司,这必将会对社会生活和市场经济产生深远的影响,但抽逃出资罪符合刑法中的危险论理论和刑法谦抑性原则,并且是保护公司法人财产和确保债权人交易安全的需要,因此有其存在的必要性,但需从改变罪名、完善犯罪主体、完善刑罚设置三方面对其进行重构.     

表面增强拉曼光谱检测系统在实验教学中的应用

根据表面增强拉曼光谱检测技术在医学研究中的一些研究方法和内容,设计和实践了一组适合本科低年级学生学习的教学实验,探索了科研仪器设备在教学实验中的应用的具体方法。实践表明,该实验有利于培养学生的实践能力、创新能力和科研能力。     

Dialogic-kishu kimkelay ta che educational research: participatory action research

The focus on the dialogic-kishu kimkelay ta che method is the result of extensive research, debates and reflections contextualized in the territorial, cultural, linguistic and social diversity of central-southern Chile. This research methodology considers the coexistence of the Chilean and indigenous Mapuche worldviews of the inhabitants of this region of the country. With constructions that integrate these two epistemes, it develops a collective praxis in which diverse members belonging to both cultures can access their knowledge and expertise to form a research community. These members are the agents who decide what, why and how to conduct research. To study their own reality with the aim of transforming it, they practice the epistemological principles of situational historical diversity, gnoseological reciprocity, epistemic thought and expansive rationality. Hence, investigative praxes abandon terminology used in classic research to acquire an integrative conception of a reality that intertwines being, nature and the cosmos.     

研教相融推进运筹学教学改革

概述了在运筹学教学中遇到的问题,然后针对这些问题给出了我们在教学实践中所作的一些措施,如加强运筹学教学中的理论教学和案例教学,理论联系实际,紧密结合科研项目等,为运筹学的教学提供一些借鉴。