数字图书馆的多语言信息存取——Europeana项目进展与启示

介绍欧洲数字图书馆项目Europeana的多语言存取研究进展,包括拟实现的功能、内部架构和关键技术,如语义数据层的词表映射、命名实体识别、翻译消歧、语言识别等,并分析了数字图书馆的多语言存取存在的问题和可能解决的方法,为我国数字图书馆建设提供借鉴。     

User Navigation in Large-Scale Distributed Digital Libraries: The Case of the Digital Public Library of America

ABSTRACT

This article presents the findings of a case study that examined user navigation in a large-scale digital library in the context of academic use. Using the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) as a case, the study explored user navigation and understanding of a distributed model of large-scale digital libraries. The DPLA model involves two- or three-step navigation pathways. Most study participants could navigate the DPLA distributed, multilayered system effectively. This study found some confusion among the participants when they must move through a three-step process to locate digital objects provided by a metadata aggregator service hub. The study participants also pointed out the advantages of a distributed model in collocating digital resources and connecting users to a wide range of digital libraries.     

多语言数字图书馆信息生态链的结构、类型及启示

文章基于信息生态学理论与方法,通过分析多语言数字图书馆信息生态链的结构模型与组合类型,总结多语言数字图书馆信息生态链的多样性特征,为我国多语言数字图书馆建设提出若干政策建议,以期推动我国多语言数字图书馆建设和管理的科学化进程。     

数字图书馆信息丰富化:概念、特征及框架

文章从理论与实践两个方面对数字图书馆信息丰富化进行分析、探讨。理论部分主要研究数字图书馆信息丰富化的概念、内涵和特征。实践部分主要从系统的角度对信息丰富化框架进行研究。     

国外数字图书馆的信息组织与查询研究

考察了国外实际运行的几个数字图书馆信息资源组织的具体方法以及相应的信息检索、浏览功能，分析了它们在信息组织与检索、浏览方面的特点。     

基层公共图书馆数字资源建设:理念、原则与方案

文章从基层公共图书馆的角度研究数字资源建设问题．讨论了现代公共图书馆理念对基层公共图书馆数字资源建设的指导作用，强调了基层公共图书馆数字资源建设的四个原则．区分了数字资源的类型，提出了基层公共图书馆数字资源建设的框架性方案。     

河南高校图书馆数字信息资源建设调查分析

作者用网上调查的方法对河南省高校图书馆数字资源建设的现状进行了调查和分析，指出了存在的问题和解决问题的对策。     

Transition and Reformation of Indian Agricultural Libraries in the Digital and Collaborative Era: Challenges,Opportunities, and Sustainability

The article discusses how the Indian agricultural libraries have transformed through various innovative projects in the recent past. Libraries in the National Agricultural Research and Education network have connected and collaborated to deliver information resources as per the changing needs of the academic community. The author describes the initiatives made through projects for upgrading libraries and moving them to virtual environment and digital platforms like IDEAL and central digital repositories like Krishikosh. Collaborative projects like CeRA–consortiums and union catalogue–AgriCat developed on Koha have made a breakthrough in transformation. Sustainable development of digital platforms is important; how the various platforms have been sustained and continued is interesting. Some of the challenges and constraints in institutional repositories, open access, and digital accessibility of e-resources for new, developing universities and bridging the digital divide are also addressed. Through describing these transformations, the author concludes that attention of academicians and librarians is required to facilitate and popularize use of e-resources and bring greater dependency on e-text in light of the changing technological scenario.     

Metadata Practices in Academic and Non-Academic Libraries for Digital Projects: A Survey

This article presents the results of a survey examining and comparing the metadata practices of academic and non-academic libraries regarding digital projects. It explores the types of metadata and vocabularies utilized, issues of interoperability, end-user-created metadata, and staffing for metadata planning and creation. Participants from 87 academic libraries and 40 non-academic libraries responded to the survey. The survey found that, despite their different environments, academic and non-academic libraries engage in similar metadata practices. The majority of the participating libraries have metadata librarians, who are the primary staff members responsible for all metadata activities. Academic libraries tend to use more metadata schemes, plan for metadata interoperability more frequently, and are more likely to have created new positions responsible for metadata for digital projects.     

数字图书馆读者检索兴趣的智能分析算法

针对数字图书馆信息检索服务的智能化发展趋势,提出智能化信息检索服务中对读者检索兴趣进行智能分析的模糊匹配算法,主要思路是在系统中构建用户兴趣矩阵,在用户操作过程中动态构建用户行为矩阵,通过两者的模糊运算,获得用户的兴趣从属度,检索系统根据该从属度对检索结果进行动态优化并及时向用户推送,从而提升检索系统的智能化程度。
     

高校学生对电子书的认知、使用和态度研究:以浙江大学为例

以浙江大学本科生和研究生为研究对象,运用问卷调查和访谈方法,考察大学生对电子书的知晓度、使用行为、态度和接受程度。结果显示,大学生在休闲类和学术类电子书认知和使用行为上存在差异。大学生对一般电子书的认知度和使用率较高,对图书馆电子书库(主要为学术类电子书)的认知度和使用率非常低。总体倾向于使用搜索引擎获得电子书,高年级本科生和博士生则主要通过图书馆目录和网站获得电子书。使用目的总体上倾向于休闲娱乐,低年级本科生较多阅读小说,博士生更多使用研究专著。多利用移动终端设备和电脑,直接进行屏幕阅读,但对研究类电子书倾向于打印部分阅读。手持电子书阅读器使用较少,且受到大学生经济状况影响。大学生对纸本书仍存在强烈偏好。高校图书馆需要在宣传推广、激发大学生需求、与教师教学结合等方面改进电子书服务。     

Metadata and Quality in Digital Repositories and Libraries from 1995 to 2015: A Literature Analysis and Classification

The purpose of this article is to study a broad set of journal papers related to metadata and quality in digital repositories and libraries, and to provide a quantitative analysis of the relevant research. It also aims at identifying open issues and future directions for research. A detailed search was carried out in relevant journals of information science, computer science, and library science; mainly, that allowed us to identify an extensive corpora of relevant work. The identified papers were classified based on an existing framework and a statistical analysis was carried out on the main classifications used within the framework. The analysis of the 702 papers identified, led to a series of statements for the field examined, focusing on the type of research carried out, the research methods deployed, and the research claims made. In addition, the papers were classified based on their target audiences, disciplines, as well as institutional and geographical origins. The article identifies areas in the literature that have not been addressed, as well as areas for future research. It also provides a clear image of the areas already researched, analyzing scientific literature that covers 20 years of repository/library deployment. This article makes an original contribution for researchers, practitioners, and managers of digital repositories and libraries alike as it provides a set of specific recommendations for the metadata and quality in digital repositories and libraries research agenda, along with a thorough analysis and classification of the research carried out so far.     

广东高校网络信息资源布局与共建共享研究

基于广东高校网络信息资源建设现状和分布特征，文章着重就高校群体在网络信息资源共建共享过程中存在的问题从多方面作了深入的分析，并提出了相应的解决策略。     

数字学术中心:图书馆服务转型与空间变革——以北美地区大学图书馆为例

[目的/意义] 研究北美地区大学图书馆数字学术中心服务创新模式与空间资源配置以及再造过程,为国内大学图书馆转型和发展提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程] 采用典型案例分析法,对北美地区10所大学图书馆构建数字学术中心情况进行比较分析,概括其服务模式和空间变革的主要方式。[结果/结论] 北美地区大学图书馆数字学术中心是集服务转型与空间变革于一体,提供数字学术研究支持和服务创新集成的新型图书馆空间,它将是未来大学图书馆中最开放、最有创造力和最具创新精神的服务功能。对我国大学图书馆数字学术支持服务的发展有一定的启示意义。     

Implementation of Web 2.0 services in academic, medical and research libraries: a scoping review

Background: Academic, medical and research libraries frequently implement Web 2.0 services for users. Several reports notwithstanding, characteristics and effectiveness of services are unclear. Objectives: To find out: the Web 2.0 services implemented by medical, academic and research libraries; study designs, measures and types of data used in included articles to evaluate effectiveness; whether the identified body of literature is amenable to a systematic review of results. Methods: Scoping review mapping the literature on the topic. Searches were performed in 19 databases. Inclusion criteria: research articles in English, Italian, German, French and Spanish (publication date ≥2006) about Web 2.0 services for final users implemented by academic, medical and research libraries. Reviewers’ agreement was measured by Cohen’s kappa. From a data set of 6461 articles, 255 (4%) were coded and analysed. Results: Conferencing/chat/instant messaging, blogging, podcasts, social networking, wikis and aggregators were frequently examined. Services were mainly targeted at general academic users of English‐speaking countries. Conclusions: Data prohibit a reliable estimate of the relative frequency of implemented Web 2.0 services. Case studies were the prevalent design. Most articles evaluated different outcomes using diverse assessment methodologies. A systematic review is recommended to assess the effectiveness of such services.     

Improving Research and Learning in Higher Education in Portugal: Digital Resources,E-Books,and a Discovery System as Enabling Factors for Students

ABSTRACT

This article describes a library's implementation of digital resources for research, teaching, and learning at a higher education institution in Portugal. A school specializing in education and teacher education established strategic performance areas related to digital resources for the fulfillment of its mission, which included some functions of the academic library. The library implemented a discovery system, and the school invested in a wider range of resources, including e-books, both acquired and institutionally published. The library's training programs were also revised to promote the new system and electronic resources. This case study describes how an academic library in Portugal responded to institutional needs, illustrating how libraries everywhere must connect to the larger vision and demonstrate value through technologies, integrating digital and print resources to provide access built around users' needs.     

数字信息环境下图书馆制度建设及信息服务的调查与分析

文章通过对75所教育部直属高校图书馆制度建设及信息服务的调查,并对其进行数字信息环境的分析,认为制度建设应增加对数字资源及服务的管理规定,信息服务应开展全球服务、集成化服务、数字化服务、特色服务。     

Preserving Russia's Digital Cultural Heritage: Acquisition of Electronic Documents in Russian Libraries and Information Centers

This article discusses collection development strategies for electronic materials, particularly Web content, by Russian libraries and information centers. The author describes multiple methods, including Web harvesting, licensing, and legal deposit. Although there is a long tradition of legal deposit for printed material in Russia, legal deposit of electronic documents is more complex. Recently proposed amendments in the Duma may facilitate the legal deposit process for electronic materials. Electronic documents should be preserved and made accessible for the further development of science, culture, and education in Russia.     

Health and Safety in the United Kingdom Higher Education Libraries: A Review of the Literature

The focus of this article is to review the literature relating to health and safety in UK Higher Education libraries. This will include an overview of the literature on accident theories and also the human element. Various key findings emerge from this analysis. Personal safety is achieved through self-responsibility, following guidelines and having a working knowledge of reporting procedures. A safety culture in the work environment is developed through a proactive approach on the part of management, the provision of information, training, and carrying out safety inspections. These inspections are aimed at preventing the environment from creating a situation where an accident could occur. There can never be a work environment in which no accidents will occur and best practice can only minimize the risk of accidents.