芡实对水中氮磷的去除效果研究

芡实本属于中国中部、南部各省种植生产,在充分利用芡实的经济价值之外,考虑到芡实对不同富营养化水体水质的改善效果,因此,本试验以芡实为试材,采用人工模拟试验的方法,分析其对不同富营养化等级水体吸收的情况,结果显示：在不同富营养化水体中,总氮的去除率在77.46%~92.84%,总磷的去除率在：64.65%~87.31%。芡实在处理不同浓度的富营养化水体的水质均有良好的效果,可有效去除富营养化湖泊水体中氮磷等营养物质。     

游泳池水质处理的经济效益分析

游泳池的水质处理是项非常重要的工作,水质的好与坏,直接影响到运动员的训练和经营的结果。而用什么样的方式来处理水质,是减轻游泳池运行成本的关键。     

对人工游泳池水质处理和控制的认识

盛夏时节,游泳池被越来越多的市民作为消暑、健身的场所,游泳人数大量增加,从而使人工游泳池水质的好坏成为游泳者最关心的问题,同时也使游泳池水质处理和控制成为保障游泳者身体健康的最重要的问题。尽管大多数游泳池经营者会采取各种防治措施,但在游泳池水质处理和控制上仍会出现一些问题。因此,本文在这里分析和探讨一下目前对人工游泳池应该如何规范地进行水质处理和控制。     

球场灌溉水质分析

水质分析和处理的必要性 随着高尔夫的发展，高尔夫草坪灌溉需要的水资源越来越多。为水处理技术的发展既带来了更多的商机，同时也导致了各种竞争，而水的质量问题又加剧了对可利用水源的竞争，所以常常存在水质性缺水。然而很多高尔夫球场对场地选址、造型、建设、草坪建植与管理很精心，而对灌溉水质常掉以轻心，甚至连最基本的水质分析和基本的处理措施都没有，就直接用来灌溉。     

游泳池水消毒处理技术

游泳池水消毒处理技术施来顺１）谢朝仁２）世界各国对游泳池水质管理都有严格的法规和标准。英国室内公共游泳池每天每吨水仅消毒药剂消耗折合人民币就达１．２元。美国更是把游泳水质管理扩大到了自然水域，要求城市污水处理场在游泳季节增加消毒处理，（平时只作二级...     

游泳池水质处理的方法

<正> 目前,国内对游泳池的水质处理大致可以分为两大类:1.使用一     

体质监测数据的统计分析

在国民体质监测工作中有大量的定量资料数据需要处理,根据不同的研究目的应该选择不同处理手段和统计分析方法,在实际应用中存在一些统计方法误用现象,导致错误的研究结论。为提高体质监测数据处理的科学性,本文以国民体质监测研究论文中常见的3种实验设计为例,分析了其中的一些统计方法误用,并提出适当的统计分析方法以供参考。     

经营性游泳池的安全管理

依据游泳池经营管理中的法律责任因素及经法律认定的事故案例经验,针对游泳池经营过程中的安全管理进行研究。在游泳池开放条件与技术要求、内部管理制度的建立与实施、游泳者游泳、突发事件的处理、水质等方面提出管理的方法和意见,为使游泳池的安全管理实践走向规范化和法制化的轨道提供理论参考。     

制药废水处理系统设计

对陕西某制药企业原有废水处理系统进行了改进设计,改进的系统主要采用A(缺氧)/O(好氧)工艺.其中厌氧采用IC内循环厌氧反应器,好氧采用活性污泥法(CASS),物化处理采用加药中和、絮凝沉淀等.处理后废水出水水质符合《污水综合排放标准》GB8978-1996中的一级排放标准.     

关于“夏钓深”的思考

夏钓深是钓友们认同和实用性很强的一种选位定点方法,但因不同地区气温、水质、鱼情的差异和各种变化,人们对为什么钓深,怎样钓深,以及钓深中应注意的问题的理解则不尽相同,有些问题联系实际探讨一下,还是很有必要的。     

Forthcoming events

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ‐ patterns and techniques D.E. Voss, M.K. Ionta and B.J. Myers. Harper and Row, Philadelphia, 1985 xxvi + 370 pp, £29.95, ISBN 0 06 142595 8

Science of Stretching M.J. Alter, Human Kinetics, Champaign, Illinois, 1988 xii + 243 pp, $26.00, ISBN 0 87322 090 0     

Notices

Kinanthropometry III. Proceedings of the VIII Commonwealth and International Conference on Sport, Physical Education, Dance, Recreation and Health. T. Reilly, J. Watkins and J. Borms (eds), E. &; F.N. Spon, London, 1986, xii + 312 pp, £25 (hb), ISBN 0 419 13970 2

Sensible fitness. J.H. Wilmore, Human Kinetics, Champaign, Illinois, USA, 1986, xii + 300 pp, $11.95, ISBN 0 88011 270 0

Running without fear. K.H. Cooper, Bantam Books, London, 1985, 256 pp, £3.95, ISBN 0 553 17356 1

Athletic training and sports medicine. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Churchill Livingstone, Chicago, USA, 1986. viii + 602 pp, £40, ISBN 0 89203 002 X

Athletics and the heart. R. Rost, Year Book Medical Publishers Inc., Chicago, 1987, vii+159 pp, £21.50 (pb), ISBN 0 8151 7397 0

Psychology and sociology of sport: current selected research, Volume 1. L.V. Velden and J.M. Humprey (eds), AMS Press, New York, 1986, ix + 237 pp, £49.50 (hb), ISBN 0 404 63401 X     

论身体的潜能

人的身体中存在巨大潜能,充分挖掘这种潜能,是提高体育竞技水平的重要途径。而身体潜能是一个有机系统,它与兴趣、欲望、冲动、本能、情感、精神、雄心、勇气、魂魄、意志、思虑、情智等诸多内在因素融合一体。而它的发挥更受到政治、经济、金钱、荣誉、地位、权力、技战术,以及体育精神和自由意志等诸多因素的牵制。因此如何才能充分发挥身体潜能,有着重要的方法论意义。     

Capoeira for beginners: self-benefit for,and community action by,new Capoeiristas

Capoeira could be defined as a Brazilian martial art and game to be played. This research explored how capoeira play might be considered to facilitate connectedness amongst newly-recruited persons, plus any other ramifications of capoeira involvement. A beginners’ course of capoeira was provided to participants, free of charge, in an English city in the West Midlands—new capoeiristas in a new venue for capoeira. Researchers attended classes to collect/construct overt non-participant observation data. In addition, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with the new capoeiristas post-course. This article explores researchers’ observation fieldnotes and interviewees’ narratives. These qualitative data-driven debates include the concepts: self, identity, escapism, multiparty endeavour, community, temporality, enjoyment, and transcending boundaries. Capoeira is theorised in a fresh manner that highlights social benefits of capoeira—for example as an enjoyable and supportive group endeavour which includes elements of social play and community-building—plus benefits for self that can transcend the boundaries of the class. Findings highlight how capoeira can be considered an inherently multiparty endeavour whereby social actors form, and experience, a community in order to embrace capoeira play. Data suggest capoeira can facilitate group playfulness, joviality, and laughter. Further, capoeiristas can enact and experience—some mode of—escapism via capoeira, whereby new place and pursuit can facilitate hedonistic diversion from the mundane. Capoeira appears to provide adventure and liberation into a relatively unburdened part of, or place in, social life. Corporeal and discursive boundary-empowerment can also be experienced by capoeiristas, fostering positive identity work in the wider world. Capoeira can be argued to facilitate mutuality (e.g. community experience and group work) and egoism (e.g. an individual's identity work) concurrently. This research suggests that modified capoeira for beginners can be beneficial for both the new capoeiristas themselves and for positive community action during and beyond class.     

农户参与公共体育服务自主供给:意愿行为、影响因素及机制设计——基于Logistic-ISM分析方法的实证研究

自主供给是中国农村公共物品供给的重要制度创新。基于公共体育服务自愿供给的学理和山西省农户调查数据,运用Logistic模型,确定了农户收入、户主政治面貌、受教育程度、村干部任职、认识水平、需求情况、体育锻炼、个体意识、民主状况、社会网络、社会信任等因素影响着农户意愿,而村委会动员能力、村干部任职、认识水平、体育锻炼、个体意识、社会网络等因素影响其供给行为;基于ISM分析,构建了这些因素相互关系的层次结构模型,提出了促进农户参与公共体育服务自主供给的集体决策、需求表达、参与合作、激励约束、声誉惩罚等机制设计。     

‘You can tell kind of about the body’: young children,health, fitness and fatness

Fears of an ‘obesity epidemic’ in New Zealand and elsewhere have led to a growing focus on children’s weight, diet and activities. The aim of this research project was to highlight children’s voices, stepping back from obesity interventions to explore how health and obesity discourses are taken up by young primary school children. Nine 6 and 7-year-olds took part in individual semi-structured interviews which involved play and craft activities to focus discussion. Discourse analysis was used to explore how children talked about bodies, health, fitness and fatness. Children primarily drew on a series of clear-cut dichotomies around good foods and bad foods, and being active, able and fit, as well as constructing health in relation to the body in two distinct ways: fat vs. thin, and big-and-strong vs. small-and-weak. These findings support previous research suggesting that children, from a young age, are taking up narrow corporeal constructions of health in relation to food and fitness ‘choices’, and additionally children assume that these constructions can be ‘read’ off the body. On the other hand, children were also often hesitant, and at times resisted or problematised these straight-forward constructions, occasionally drawing on alternate understandings, including notions of pleasure and practicality, moderation, and being happy and healthy. Future research could explore these ideas further, investigating how children and adults utilise alternate meanings to negotiate the complexity of bodies, health, fitness and fatness.     

支点的选取：体育与人主体性的理论奠基

采用文献资料法,根据马克思主义实践唯物论的主体哲学理论,分析主体性的哲学内涵,以及人的主体地位与体育存在的关系。体育主体性,是人主体性生成的一部分,是人本质实现的表现形式。人在合规律合目的的体育活动中,自觉感受生命力量、身体活力和运动位移,所带来的生命存在感与主动欲求,体育是人的类存在的主体象征。在体育主体性的理论奠基中,分析体育主体原则、主体素质和主体诉求的思想内涵。并进一步考察体育主体的内在性、外在性、能动性、受动性、参与性和观赏性的思维品性,希望在人本质的意义生成中,建立起体育与人主体性的哲学关怀。     

对欧洲足球技战术发展趋势的思考

结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。     

江苏省高校体育教学现状及对策研究

对江苏省8所高校在校大学生的问卷调查和有关专家、体育教师的访谈发现,江苏省高校体育教学通过多年的改革创新有所提高,但仍然存在一些需要不断改进的方面。大胆改革不受欢迎的课程,普及广受学生喜爱的课程,进一步改进和完善教学形式,改进考核评价方法,是推动高校体育教学、提高大学生体质、培养学生终身体育观的重要途径。     

青少年武术套路运动员运动损伤调查与预防策略研究

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法、数据统计法、逻辑分析法,对青少年武术套路运动员运动损伤情况调查与分析,研究结果表明：运动损伤类型列前位依次为关节损伤、肌肉劳损、肌肉拉伤、骨膜损伤;运动员损伤部位依次为腰部、膝部、腿部、踝关节、腕关节。发生损伤的原因有运动负荷的安排调控、技术动作掌握、带伤训练、准备活动不够到位等因素。本文将根据损伤调查情况,提出相应预防策略。