Learning strategies for making sense out of expository text: The SOI model for guiding three cognitive processes in knowledge construction

This article examines learning strategies that promote meaningful learning from expository text as evidenced by problem-solving transfer. The teaching of learning strategies involves decisions concerning what to teach, how to teach, where to teach, and when to teach. The teaching of learning strategies also depends on the teacher's conception of learners as response strengtheners, information processors, or sense makers. Three cognitive processes involved in meaningful learning are selecting relevant information from what is presented, organizing selected information into a coherent representation, and integrating presented information with existing knowledge. Finally, exemplary programs for teaching of learning strategies are presented. The most effective method for teaching students how to make sense out of expository text is for students to participate in selecting, organizing, and integrating information within the context of authentic academic tasks.     

文化价值观驱动下的劝说性修辞策略研究——以酒店语篇为例

本文聚焦于酒店语篇中的劝说性修辞策略,采用混合研究法对120篇酒店语篇进行了三级编码。比较了国内和国外的酒店语篇在诉诸逻辑和诉诸人格方面的修辞策略,并挖掘了文化价值观背后深层文化的影响。由此得出结论,即使在当今全球化背景下文化价值观呈现出多元化,修辞策略的使用仍然受到深层文化的影响。对修辞策略的评价应该充分考虑其文化价值取向,离开了这个语境很难判定策略的优劣。     

“关键词句阅读法”在说明性小品文教学中的作用

说明文集知识性、科学性、实用性于一体,其特点之一就是“言之有序”,理清了“序”有利于把握文章的整体结构和作者的写作思路.文章以《说“屏”》一课的教学为例,探讨“关键词句阅读法”在说明性小品文教学中的作用.     

开放式结尾的情景剧在英语教学中的运用

在外语课堂上有必要创建一些有效的互动练习来培养和拓展学生的语言交际能力.开放式结尾的情景剧作为一种以学生为主体的课堂活动,通过多方位、多角度的互动练习,能引导学生们在模拟自然的语境中习得语言,提高学生实际运用语言的能力.     

对学生理解英语说明文中逻辑关系的实证研究

在大学获得成功很大程度上取决于学生有效阅读说明文的能力,研读说明文不仅为了获取和了解信息,也为了考试。领悟进程的一个重要成分是读者连接现有信息与先前信息的能力。文本连接过程的其中一方为逻辑关系。这些文本手段明确标志大量文本信息是如何在一个具体逻辑语义关系中彼此关联的。本文报导此项研究结果,其调查了英语为第二语言的学生阅读说明文时结合与文中例证的、因果的、转折的逻辑连接相关的信息的能力。研究结果显示,理解说明文中逻辑关系的能力与学术成绩和第二语言熟练程度有极深的关系。学术成绩差的学生尤其觉得因果关系和转折关系具有挑战性。     

概要写作过程策略个案调查研究

概要写作是学生学习生涯中最常见的一种学术型写作任务,也一直被认为是有效学习的重要途径。但是学生在概要写作过程中往往不能准确概括主题,而且由于过多摘抄源文章而严重影响概括语篇的质量。本研究采用描述和定性研究的方法,对西南地区高校一名英语专业大四学生在写作文献综述概要过程中使用的策略,通过访谈、过程日志和刺激回想法收集数据,以期对中国英语学习者写作概要提供参考和建议。     

Resolving the Effects of Concreteness on Interest, Comprehension, and Learning Important Ideas From Text

This paper reviews research suggesting that interest and importance are separate constructs mediated by concreteness and mental imagery, especially in expository text or other genres where concreteness and importance often diverge. Important expository material can be relatively more interesting or less interesting. If important expository material is concrete it tends to be interesting and well recalled. If important expository material is abstract and not well linked to concrete elaboration or examples it tends to be less interesting and less well recalled. Concrete elaboration of abstract ideas tends to improve students' recall. There appears to be no harm in adding concrete detail to well structured, coherent text to promote interest unless enough is added so that a new text with a different coherence emerges. Making already concrete text more emotionally interesting may have little effect. Using a coherent text structure that adequately implies or signals importance and supporting important information with concrete explanation are key text design implications. Dual Coding Theory provides a systematic theoretical account of the findings in this area.     

历史记忆与英雄传奇－－“十七年”战争小说论

从“十七年”战争学的生产方式着手,把战争学作为一种精神化现象放置在广阔的社会化语境中加以检视,并且分别对作品与作、本处理、本传播和接受等相互关联的范畴进行整体性的思考。首先从作品与作家的关系上讲,战争学高度的同质性与这个军旅作家群体的构成状况密切相关。其次从本的角度看,战争学通过“转义”和“典型化”之类的叙述策略,来实现抽象与整合历史的目的。最后,战争学在“十七年”形成的广泛而重大的社会影响,并不完全是凭借作品本身获得的,而很大程度上得益于一体化的社会化机制、特殊的时代精神和社会心理。     

积极“语用” “略读”溢彩——小学语文五年级上册略读课文语用点的选择与教学例谈

"学习语言文字运用"是语文课程的核心任务。略读课文作为精读的补充,更应该以教材为拓展点,以语言应用为主线,带动学生对课文内容、情节和思想的理解,引导他们学习语言表达的方式,提升语用能力,发展语文素养。文章从仿用句式练表达、言语移植融体验、聚焦重点巧补白、潜心会文抓迁移、言意融合促提升等五方面对小学语文五年级上册略读课文语用点的选择与教学进行了思考和探索。     

运用篇章理论指导英语阅读教学

论述了运用篇章理论指导大学英语阅读教学的意义和策略。     

园林科技英语语篇中语法隐喻对应策略探究

对园林科技英语语篇中语法隐喻的研究具有较强的实用性,不仅有利于提高译者的翻译技巧,还可以增强所翻译文章的语言魅力.对英语语法隐喻特点的研究及园林科技英语语篇的语法隐喻应对策略的探讨有益于为园林科技英语翻译提供更加精确的文献资料.     

Implications of task structure on self‐regulated learning and achievement

School tasks interact with student motivation, cognition, and instruction to influence learning and achievement. Heeding calls for additional research linking motivational and cognitive factors in learning and instruction on specific tasks within authentic classroom settings we quantitatively and qualitatively track 90 tenth‐grade science students’ motivation, reported use of learning strategies, achievement, calibration, and task perceptions as they engage in a well‐structured task (WST) and an ill‐structured task (IST). Students achieved higher grades on, and reported more ease and value for, the WST whereas they utilised critical thinking and peer learning strategies more on the IST. Lower academic achievers calibrated their achievement less accurately on each task and experienced lower grades, interest, ease, and management capability on the IST. Conversely, higher academic achieving students reported more self‐efficacy and effort regulation and lower anxiety and elaboration on the IST. Motivation – notably less intrinsic goal orientation in low academic achievers and higher task value and self‐efficacy – predicted performance on the IST. The structure of tasks may provide prompts that illicit unique self‐regulated learning responses in students.