少数民族大学生在线学习行为研究

本文则着重对少数民族大学生在线学习行为进行研究,并从少数民族大学生在线学习行为的现状调查、存在的问题分析、解决问题的有效策略等几个方面做出比较深入地阐述。     

在线学习者学习行为的实践研究

为了解在线教育在实施中应考虑的影响因素,通过组织一次在线学习活动,采用网站后台数据统计和问卷调查方法,对地域分布十分广泛的学习者的学习行为进行了调查整理。总结出了现阶段在线学习者的上网条件、上网行为、学习感受和相关要求,以及上网设备的实际情况。经过对这些会影响在线学习的相关因素分析后,得出对开展在线教育有参考作用的结论。     

在线学习中学习路径分析及学习行为特点研究

本文从在线学习者的具体学习活动出发,对在线学习情境下学习者对教学内容的选择、阅读和知识的意义建构等学习行为特点进行研究和分析,应用知识建模方法对单元教学内容进行知识网络分析,设计专用在线学习平台对学习者的学习活动进行实时跟踪记录,对学习者的知识点选择和意义建构过程及其所形成的学习路径和选择性学习行为进行分析。研究表明,学习者在开放自主的学习环境下,能够主动参照教学目标的要求和教学内容的知识网络模型特点,依据自己的学习需求,选择合适的自主学习策略组织自己的学习活动。在线学习过程中学习者对教学资源的选择可以聚合成为一条较为稳定的学习路径,该路径体现了学习者在意义建构过程中对外部资源的意义建构需求。因此在线教学中依据教学内容知识网络特点设计合理的教学活动,有效应用信息技术实现个性化的教学内容信息推送,会促进在线学习者的学习效果和学习效率。     

基于电子学档的在线学习行为监控

在线学习是一种师生分离的自主学习,对学习者的学习行为进行监控,能提高在线学习效率。利用电子学档对学习者的在线学习行为进行监控,不仅有助于促进学习者的学习反思、激发学习动机、开展更为有效的学习,而且有助于实现对学习者学习行为的全面监控。基于电子学档的在线学习行为监控模型一般包括行为信息的提取模块,整理和分析模块,成果及评价模块,反思模块,行为标准制定模块等五部分。采用这个模型,可以实现对在线学习行为的全面监控。     

大学生在线学习意愿和学习行为的影响关系研究——基于UTAUT模型分析

基于计算机及网络技术和教育资源开放与共享理念而兴起的在线教育平台,加之传统教育面对深刻的转型,使在线教育逐步成为高校的一种技术融入教学的新型教学方式。为了更深入地了解大学生在线学习的学习意愿和学习行为,在践行中促进在线教育的转化,以期达到更高水平的教学质量,文章通过构建在线学习行为的UTAUT模型,搜集了多所高校学生的在线学习情况,并借助软件IBM SPSS20.0和AMOS26.0对量表的核心变量之间的相关性进行了实证研究,发现绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响、促进条件对学习者在线学习意愿具有显著的正向影响,促成条件和学习意愿对学习行为具有显著的正向影响,并根据影响因素提出合理化的调整改进建议。     

在线学习者学习行为特点的初步探讨

近些年来,在线学习在我国的远程教育领域蓬勃发展,各级电大、网络学院以及高校都积极开展各种基于互联网的在线学习.但在教学实践中,由于师生之间的时空分离状态,导致学习过程中缺乏对学习者及其学习行为的持续有效关注,学习者的在线学习活动经常不能按照教学预期来实现.本文在对在线学习的教学案例进行分析和研究的基础上,结合问卷调查和访谈等研究方法对在线学习过程中学习者的学习行为进行研究.研究发现,学习者在在线学习这种开放自主的学习环境下,完全有可能按照自己的学习需求,依据具体教学内容的知识网络结构,实现自主学习活动.在教学中,教育者应关注学习者的特点和需求,有效组织和设计在线学习活动与学习资源,恰当应用信息技术,优化学习者的在线学习环境.     

高校在线课程用户学习行为研究

在互联网影响下,建设在线课程成为高校教学改革的一个重要方向。疫情的发生推动高校使用在线课程来保证教学计划的完成,但如何使在线课程更好地服务于教学还处于探索阶段。本文基于文献研究和实践观察,综合考虑高校用户在线学习行为的影响因素,以此为基础构建概念和测量模型;然后通过调研获得样本数据,检验测量模型的可靠性、概念模型的稳定性;最后分析和揭示高校用户在线学习行为的影响因素和影响程度,以期为高校科学制定在线课程、改善运行机制提供决策支持与依据。     

少数民族大学生在线学习障碍剖析及对策

利用网络资源开展学习已经成为当前大学生学习的主要方式。纵观国内外在线学习的研究,对大学生在线学习的研究较多,但对于少数民族大学生在线学习研究基本没有。该文就少数民族大学生在线学习的障碍剖析及对策作进行了阐述。     

傈僳族学生的学习特点及对策

本文初步分析了傈僳族学生在学校学习所具有的一些特征,并提出了相应的教育对策。     

Towards university lectures' conceptions of student learning

A range of studies conducted since the late 1970s have sought to describe students' conceptions of learning, and more recently, teachers' conceptions of teaching. These studies, using what has come to be known as the phenomenographic approach, have identified conceptions of teaching, and conceptions of learning which have had a significant impact on the teaching-learning culture of higher education institutions in many parts of the world. The study reported here contributes to our understanding of student learning, describing it from the viewpoint of lectures from a range of disciplines. From the viewpoint of these lectures student learning was seen variously as: acquiring knowledge through the use of study skills; the absorption of new knowledge and being able to explain and apply it; the development of thinking skills and the ability to reason; developing the competencies of beginning professionals; changing personal attitudes, beliefs or behaviours in responding to different phenomena; and a participative pedagogic experience. The relationship between these conceptions and previously identified conceptions of teaching and learning is discussed.     

Evoked prior experiences in first-year university student learning

In this article, we focus on three aspects of students' prior experiences of learning: evoked conceptions of learning, evoked motivation and evoked self-efficacy. We show how, for a first-year undergraduate population, these three aspects of evoked prior experience relate to students' approaches to learning and their perceptions of the learning environment as well as to their previous schooling, their gender and the broad discipline area in which they are studying. In doing so, we confirm that evoked prior experiences are distinct and measurable and can be used to better understand the ways in which students experience learning in higher education.     

新疆高校少数民族预科生学习汉语心理研究与分析——以新疆医科大学预科生为例

本文以新疆医科大学少数民族预科学生为研究对象,对少数民族预科学生学习汉语的心理状况进行了多视角的调查,分析与研究并且提出相应的措施克服预科学生学习汉语的心理障碍,与此同时,有的放矢地为解决学习汉语的问题提供了一定的参考依据。     

Discontinuities in university student experiences of learning through discussions

This article reports on research into the student experience of learning through discussions in a third‐year undergraduate engineering subject. Information engineering students studying e‐commerce were required to engage in face‐to‐face and online discussions as a key aspect of their learning experience. This study investigates the quality of the experience of learning through those discussions using quantitative methodologies from Student Learning Research. Analyses of student ratings on the closed‐ended questionnaires identify qualitatively different approaches to learning through discussions, both in face‐to‐face contexts and online. Relationships are found among the variation in the quality of these approaches and how students perceive issues such as workload, what they thought they were learning through discussions and performance. Implications arising from these results identify different suggestions for teaching students to discuss successfully in different contexts.     

如何解决民族教育与民族地区经济落后之间的矛盾

党中央提出了西部大开发的伟大战略,这是历史赋于西部大发展的良好机遇。西部,是一个亟待开发和振兴的地方,也是中华文明的源渊和摇篮,同时,也是我国少数民族人口集中的地区之一。西部的振兴直接关系到各民族的共同振兴。因此,西部的发展显得尤为重要。建国以来,西部民族地区的经济有了长足进步,但从全国整体水平看,西部与东部沿海差距还很大,1978年差距为12—13年,教育方面相差约17年;根据《中国统计年鉴》显示1997年东西部差距为15—17年,在校大学生占人口比重相距约20年,若与上海等发达城市比,差距就更大,约为30—190多年。这种差距随时间的推移还在不断扩大。其主要原因有以下几点:     

Quantitative and qualitative measures of student learning at university level

This paper reports the use of quantitative and qualitative measures of university student learning during teaching in psychiatry. Concept mapping, pre-and post test scores and performance in written assignments were used to measure the quality of change in personal understanding and to show the ways that the knowledge-targets of the course were achieved. The data show that: (1) Concept mapping can be used to explore personal understanding because it facilitates discrete statements of meaning. (2) These personal statements can be compared through time to assess change. (3) Specific criteria can be used to measure the quality of the change from one statement to another so that the different qualities of change that occur can be made-visible in the course of teaching. The approach is discussed in the broader context of learning theory and teaching practice. We show in particular, that prior-knowledge is an important determinant of learning because it affects the sense that can be made of taught material.     

The model minority and the inferior minority myths: Understanding stereotypes and their implications for student learning

In‐depth interviews with an Asian American and a black student reveal the negative influence of racial stereotypes on their learning experiences. Samuel Museus shares their stories and offers recommendations for postsecondary educators.     

Online assessment of learning and engagement in university laboratory practicals

In science education, laboratory practicals are frequently assessed through submission of a report. A large increase in student numbers necessitated us adapting a traditional practical report into an online test with automated marking. The assessment was designed to retain positive features of the traditional laboratory report but with added pedagogic and administrative benefits made possible through the online medium. After performing their experiments, students were given idealised data, enabling immediate comparison with their own results, and asked to perform a series of calculations based on that ideal data. The two‐part test asked questions about the students' calculations. Part I was formative, ensuring that the students had mastered basic concepts before advanced concepts were tested in Part II. The test rewarded correct methodology and understanding as well as the right answers and gave absolute consistency to the marking scheme. Students could submit at their convenience and received instant feedback. The assessment was met with emphatically positive feedback from students. In addition, it was possible to track submissions by students, providing insights into their behaviour. Students appeared to group into three submission styles—early submitters, considered submitters and last minute submitters—information which can be useful to guide pedagogic practice. In the latest iteration, analysis of submission behaviour gave us confidence to reduce the time before the submission deadline, which resulted in a substantial increase in student attainment.     

甘肃省少数民族大学生体育消费行为特征分析

运用文件法、数理统计法、逻辑推理法对甘肃省6所高校600名少数民族大学生进行了体育消费行为的调查,发现少数民族大学生体育消费意识淡薄,提出可行性建议,达到培养少数民族大学生良好的体育消费习惯,带动民族地区体育普及、发展的目的.