编码器解码器设计模型

对数字化后的信息进行编码和解码,是计算机对信息进行处理的最基本方式;面对巨大信息量的处理,需要有快速高效的编解码方法,本文给出了一种顺序、累进和无损操作模式的编解码器模型。     

中继信道Chong-Motani-Garg容量界的前向解码可达性(英文)

为了解决基于后向解码的三节点中继信道Chong-Motani-Garg容量界可达通信方案的解码延时过长问题,提出了一种新型的基于前向解码的三节点中继信道通信方案.在该方案中,假定在第b个分组中的发送消息为W=(w1,w2),则中继需要在第b个分组结束时对消息w1进行解码并生成一个新的消息z,而接收机需要在第b+1个分组结束时对消息W1进行解码,然后在第b+2个分组结束时对消息Z和w2进行解码.分析结果表明,该通信方案也可以达到Chong-Motani-Garg容量界,并且该方案的解码延时只有2个分组长度,大大短于基于后向解码的通信方案的解码延时.因此,三节点中继信道Chong-Motani-Garg容量界可以通过基于解码延时短的前向解码的通信方案达到.     

论计算机教学的原则

从教学原则的基本特点出发 ,提出了完善认知结构与发展心力因素相结合、思维训练与操作训练相结合、参与诱导、教学的直观性等计算机教学的基本原则。并对这些原则的含义及理论依据进行了剖析     

基于PIC单片机的遥控编码器PT2240软件解码

分析了基于PIC单片机的遥控编码集成电路PT2240的硬件电路和解码原理,从PT2240的发射信号入手,利用PIC16F883单片机的捕获功能,直接对接收的信号进行解码.给出了捕获中断解码数据的程序.     

交际话语语境中推理的应用

日常交际中,双方不能很好地进行交流,原因很多,但对话语不理解是一个主要因素。对别人话语的认知,要在切合当时语境的基础上进行解码。解码包含一系列心理因素,也涉及到推理过程。如何才能很好地完成交际,格赖斯提出了合作原则:     

交际话语语境中推理的应用

日常交际中,双方不能很好地进行交流,原因很多,但对话语不理解是一个主要因素。对别人话语的认知,要在切合当时语境的基础上进行解码。解码包含一系列心理因素,也涉及到推理过程。如何才能很好地完成交际,格赖斯提出了合作原则：     

论影视广告语言传播与完型心理

完形心理学的核心理论就是整体性原则,影视广告的传播与完型心理学的关系主要表现在：影视广告语言符号的编码特点和解码机制。体现出完型心理学的核心思想——结构主观性和整体性观念;影视广告语言的蒙太奇修辞丰富和发展了完型心理学的基本理论：影视广告影像的形式美对完型心理学的知觉组织原则的具体运用。     

网络语言中的语言经济性原则

文章分析了网络语言编码和解码中的语言经济性原则,论证了网络语言的产生、发展是语言经济性原则的要求.     

孔子学院评估指标体系研究

孔子学院评估指标体系的建立必须坚持依章评估原则、导向性原则、科学性与系统性原则、非盈利性与可持续发展兼顾原则、定量为主原则、激励性原则、共性与个性兼顾原则、简明可操作原则、重点突出原则、相对比较原则。孔子学院评估的指标体系应涵盖孔子学院办学的主要方面,主要遵循关键绩效指标确立的SMART原则。基于以上基本原则,可建立包括10个一级指标、52个二级指标的指标体系。     

一种加快分形图像解码收敛速度的方法

通过对码本设置阚值的方法来收缩对比度因子,提出了一种新的快速分形图像解码算法.实验结果表明该算法获得了较基本分形算法质量较高的第一次迭代后图像,在图像质量降质较小的情况下较基本分形解码明显地加快了收敛速度,从而可较好地满足需要超高速图像解码的应用场合(如实时视频传输).     

Elegant grapheme-phoneme correspondence: a periodic chart and singularity generalization unify decoding

The accompanying article introduces highly transparent grapheme-phoneme relationships embodied within a Periodic table of decoding cells, which arguably presents the quintessential transparent decoding elements. The study then folds these cells into one highly transparent but simply stated singularity generalization—this generalization unifies the decoding cells (97% transparency). Deeper, the periodic table and singularity generalization together highlight the connectivity of the periodic cells. Moreover, these interrelated cells, coupled with the singularity generalization, clarify teaching targets and enable efficient learning of the letter-sound code. This singularity generalization, in turn, serves as a model for creating unified but easily stated subordinate generalizations for any one of the transparent cells or groups of cells shown within the tables. The article then expands the periodic cells into two tables of teacher-ready sample word lists—one table includes sample words for the basic and phonogram vowel cells, and the other table embraces word samples for the transparent consonant cells. The paper concludes with suggestions for teaching the cellular transparency embedded within reoccurring isolated words and running text to promote decoding automaticity of the periodic cells.     

基于H.264的CABAC解码算法改进研究

针对H.264 Main profile中采用的CABAC解码算法,分别从逆二进制化数据查表、常规解码器归一化过程查找表和子区间定位查找表三个方面进行改进,避免了之前表格查找及分支判断耗费大量的时间,并在一定程度上减少了存储空间的使用,降低了解码时间。经过测试,改进后的算法在速度上提高了45%左右,有一定的实用价值。     

基于FPGA技术的8B/10B信道编码设计

该文在分析8B/10B编码原理的基础上,设计了改进型8B/10B编码方案.该编码在完成高速数据信道编码功能的同时,可另外提供一路实时低速信道.基于FPGA技术采用查表法实现了改进型编解码电路,通过仿真验证了该编码方案的有效性,并在Spartan6系列FPGA中进行了综合测试.结果表明,此编解码方法占用的FPGA逻辑资源...     

Efficient VLSI architecture of CAVLC decoder with power optimized

This paper presents an efficient VLSI architecture of the contest-based adaptive variable length code (CAVLC) decoder with power optimized for the H.264/advanced video coding (AVC) standard. In the proposed design, according to the regularity of the codewords, the first one detector is used to solve the low efficiency and high power dissipation problem within the traditional method of table-searching. Considering the relevance of the data used in the process of runbefore’s decoding, arithmetic operation is combined with finite state machine (FSM), which achieves higher decoding efficiency. According to the CAVLC decoding flow, clock gating is employed in the module level and the register level respectively, which reduces 43% of the overall dynamic power dissipation. The proposed design can decode every syntax element in one clock cycle. When the proposed design is synthesized at the clock constraint of 100 MHz, the synthesis result shows that the design costs 11 300 gates under a 0.25 μm CMOS technology, which meets the demand of real time decoding in the H.264/AVC standard.     

用运算表讨论群的一些问题

对运算表的有关名词和性质做了一些较仔细的讨论，并用运算表讨论了群的几个有关问题。     

Toward a set of design principles for decoding training: A systematic review of studies of English as a foreign/second language listening education

Listening is a major challenge for many English as a foreign language (EFL)/English as a second language (ESL) learners. Many learners find it difficult to immediately process and segment an ongoing stream of sounds. Decoding training is one of interventions that have been used to assist EFL/ESL learners. This paper reviewed empirical studies of the effectiveness of decoding training in developing EFL/ESL learners' listening. We examined the following four major factors: (a) the types of instructional activities used; (b) the effects of decoding training on student listening outcomes; (c) the main instructional enablers of decoding training; and (d) the main instructional barriers to decoding training. The two activities most frequently used for decoding training were dictation and pronunciation instruction. A meta-analysis of 13 intervention studies showed an overall significant effect in favor of decoding training over non-decoding instruction for listening education (Hedges's g = 0.553, CI = 0.348–0.759, 95% confidence interval, p = 0.000), with no evidence of publication bias. Two theoretical frameworks, cognitive learning theory and the attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction model, were used to synthesize 33 studies to analyze the common elements that promote and hinder the development of learners' decoding skills. We proposed a set of design principles for decoding training that are expected to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of decoding training in EFL/ESL listening education.     

电动书架控制系统的设计与实现

针对设计的一种电动书架,开发了其电气控制装置,使书架能够实现旋转运动、上下移动、到位检测和报警功能。完成了该书架控制系统的软件和硬件设计,对书架的运动控制采用红外遥控的控制方式,编制了遥控解码程序。结果表明,该控制系统能够使书架稳定运行,为人们的使用提供了极大的方便。     

Word decoding development in incremental phonics instruction in a transparent orthography

The present longitudinal study aimed to investigate the development of word decoding skills during incremental phonics instruction in Dutch as a transparent orthography. A representative sample of 973 Dutch children in the first grade (M _age  = 6;1, SD = 0;5) was exposed to incremental subsets of Dutch grapheme–phoneme correspondences during 6 consecutive blocks of 3 weeks of phonics instruction. Children’s accuracy and efficiency of curriculum embedded word decoding were assessed after each incremental block, followed by a standardized word decoding measurement. Precursor measures of rapid naming, short-term memory, vocabulary, phonological awareness, and letter knowledge were assessed by the end of kindergarten and subsequently related to the word decoding efficiency in the first grade. The results showed that from the very beginning, children attained ceiling levels of decoding accuracy, whereas their efficiency scores increased despite the incremental character of the consecutive decoding assessments embedded in the curriculum. Structural equation modelling demonstrated high stability of the individual differences assessed by word decoding efficiency during phonics instruction during the first 5 months of the first grade. Curriculum embedded word decoding was highly related to standardized word decoding after phonics instruction was completed. Finally, early literacy and lexical retrieval, and to a lesser extent verbal and visual short term memory, predicted the first fundamental processes of mastering word decoding skills.     

符号逻辑计算的设计及应用

由于符号逻辑计算在现有数学软件中尚无相应的函数；本文首先将符号逻辑表达式抽象为一张向量表，巧妙地将符号逻辑计算转化为二值逻辑运算与对表的操作，成功地实现了符号逻辑乘和逻辑加；最后探讨了符号逻辑计算在图论中的应用。     

多功能实验动物(兔)手术台的研制及其应用

介绍了一种多功能实验动物(兔)手术台的研制及在教学和科研中的应用,该手术台在原手术台的基础上对一些部件进行了改进,增加了麻醉装置,改进后的手术台不仅方便了实验操作,提高了麻醉效果,而且使实验成功率大大提高。