Competency and training issues related to the integration of career counseling and mental health counseling

Summary Career counseling cannot be neatly separated from the counseling that affects the remainder of clients' lives, and mental distress cannot be considered independent of the career which encompasses so much of an individual's world. Life is complex and includes many facets which counselees bring to the counseling relationship. Counselors must be able to deal with the major issues in clients' lives including career issues and issues of mental health. Minimum skill for counselors would include the ability to assist a range of clients and the knowledge to effectively refer others. For too long career counseling and mental health counseling have been viewed as separate entities. This view of career and mental health counseling as separate is inconsistent with the development of counseling as a profession and does not serve potential clients well.Spencer G. Niles, D.Ed. is an Assistant Professor of Counselor Education and Robert H. Pate, Jr., Ph.D. is a Professor of Counselor Education and Chair of the Department of Human Services in the Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia.     

建立发展性心理辅导模式 促进大学生心理健康发展

根据我国学校心理辅导特点和目前世界心理辅导的发展趋势,建立大学生发展性心理辅导为主导的模式已成为我国各高校今后发展的趋势和必然。通过对大学生进行发展性心理辅导,提高大学生心理健康教育工作的实效性,促进大学生心理健康发展。     

Resistance as a factor in career counseling

Conclusion Resistance can no longer be seen as a concept that is relevant only to personal counseling. The career literature includes ample reference to the role of threat and anxiety in inhibiting the decision-making process, a process that is analogous to resistance in the eclectic counseling literature. Assimilation of knowledge about resistance into the planning and implementation of career programming holds promise for helping motivate students/clients to use the career decision-making process more effectively with less defensiveness.     

The development of career guidance and counseling in Taiwan

This paper presents a report on the development of career guidance and counseling services in Taiwan, Republic of China. Based on extensive interviews in 1983 and 1987 with leaders in public and private education, government agencies, and faculty and students in junior colleges and universities, the services currently provided are described as they interface with the educational system. Certain issues emerged from the research which may affect the further development of counseling services in Taiwan; guidelines are offered for addressing these. The issues discussed are: the stigma against counseling; the general resistance to change and the traditionalism of the educational system; the potential conflict between serving national labor needs and developing individual human potential; the stress produced by the educational system itself; the traditional emphasis on testing in schools and colleges; the need to professionalize counselors; and the judicious integration of western perspectives into an indigenous Chinese philosophy of counseling and guidance.     

某高职院校心理咨询专业学生心理健康状况分析

经过对漳州市某高职院校心理咨询专业的新生和毕业生、其他专业毕业生采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行测评,并与全国青年组常模对比分析,结果显示：心理咨询专业新生SCL-90中9个因子任意一个因子≥2分的检出率为47．4％,≥3分的检出率为8．33％,强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖及精神病性这几项的因子分显著高于全国青年常模;2006级心理咨询专业毕业生的心理健康状况与其刚入学时、全国青年组常模及其他专业毕业生比较,强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑等多数心理症状改善显著,具有统计学意义。经过三年的专业理论学习及专业技能训练,心理咨询专业学生的心理健康水平得到提高。     

Career development and mental health

Conclusion While the extent of linkages and the patterning of the relationships between career development and mental health is yet to be fully studied and articulated, this paper has argued that such connections do exist. Given such a premise, it has been contended that career counseling does serve as a therapeutic modality as it provides dislocated, unhappy, maladjusted or underemployed workers information, support, encouragement, and skills that increase personal competence, facilitate hope, and reduce feelings of being a social isolate of little worth or dignity. Skill building or psychoeducational approaches can deal directly with such matters as anger management, assertiveness, planfulness, interpersonal competence, openness to constructive supervision. These are matters of educating people for choice, for purpose, and for development, approaches which help people to create reality and make meaning for themselves within the context of work and career. As such they are therapeutic ways of engendering mental health.     

Study-service as a significant factor in career development

The purpose of this paper is to describe the role of the Botswana study-service scheme (Tirelo Setshaba) in the career development of its participants. Study-service is defined as community service used to educate those who participate in contrast to other service programmes where the main objective is to provide manpower e.g. by providing service to the community. First, the existing career development situation in Botswana for senior secondary school students is reviewed and findings from some recent research in this field in the country are presented. Second, the nature of the one year experience gained by Tirelo Setshaba participants is described including the uniqueness of Tirelo Setshaba as compared to other similar schemes in that service takes place before post-secondary education, but with other policies being similar to those developed for university students. Third, the paper presents a rationale for career development assistance for Tirelo Setshaba participants and describes career development material prepared for them. The nature of the scheme, with two or a maximum of four participants assigned to a village, has made it necessary to design a career service for clients who are so widely scattered that the often-used career talks, conventions or one-to-one counselling are impractical. Finally, the paper argues for a proper evaluation of Tirelo Setshaba's impact on career development as the conclusions drawn in the paper are based on limited observations.Senior Research Fellow, National Institute of Development Research and Documentation, University of Botswana. She has served for several years as planning officer with the Ministry of Education in Botswana and as a psychologist (career guidance) in Sweden.Tirelo Setshaba Adviser, Ministry of State President, Botswana. He has long experience from study-service schemes in a number of countries, inter alia Botswana, Nepal and Indonesia.     

The use of the MMPI as a measure of personal adjustment in career counseling

Gary W. Peterson, Ph.D., is Associate Dean for Graduate Studies and Research in the College of Education, Florida State University and Associate Professor in the Program in Counseling Psychology and Human Systems (904-644-6885).     

社会心态、情感治理与媒介变革

新冠肺炎疫情的肆虐给人们的心理造成巨大冲击和影响。基于疫情心理应激与心理援助的特点,心理援助工作者应以求助者为中心,聚焦于目标,采取评估、共情、积极资源取向的提问等融合并进的方法进行干预,这样才能使求助者在咨询时有好的体验并取得积极的效果。     

Volunteer motivation,social problem solving,self-efficacy,and mental health: a structural equation model approach

The study aimed to investigate the direct effect of volunteer motivation on social problem-solving ability, self-efficacy, and mental health and examine the mediating effects on volunteer motivation and mental health by testing social problem-solving ability and self-efficacy. We examined a hypothetical model that integrates the concepts of Self-Determination Theory, the Social Problem Solving Model, and the Self-Efficacy Belief Model. Results demonstrated that volunteer motivation was significantly associated with social problem-solving ability and self-efficacy amongst 1530 undergraduate students. Three subscales of social problem-solving ability (positive problem orientation, negative problem orientation, and avoidance style) and self-efficacy served are significant mediators. Model statistics for SEM demonstrated an adequate fit with the data. Volunteer motivation provides a way to enhance social problem-solving ability and self-efficacy. It also leads to better mental health by enhancing positive problem orientation and self-efficacy and by reducing negative problem orientation and avoidance style.     

Toward the development and validation of a career coach competency model

The career coaching profession is a dynamic field that has grown over the last decade. However, there exists a limitation to this field's development, as there is no universally accepted definition or empirically based competencies. There were three phases to the study. In the first phase, a conceptual model was developed that highlights four unique and distinct domains of the career coach. The model illuminates the triadic relationship between the client, the organization, and the coach. The second phase established a definition for career coaching, and the third phase involved using both the definition and conceptual model to create a list of skills and abilities, which was used to design a survey that was administered to 424 career coaches internationally. Through the use of factor analysis, an eight‐factor competency model emerged. Finally, it is hoped that these findings will lead to a vigorous academic and professional debate for the development of a universal, empirically based career coaching competency model.     

朋辈心理辅导及其对大学生心理健康的积极影响

朋辈心理辅导是一种有别于普通咨询室心理辅导的心理辅导模式。文章介绍了朋辈心理辅导的概念,并从朋辈心理辅导的理论基础和自身特点出发,分析了朋辈心理辅导对大学生心理健康的积极影响作用,并从这一侧面体现朋辈心理辅导在大学生心理健康教育中的意义和价值。     

A model of career development for a multicultural work force

This article highlights a career development model (Coleman, 1989) designed for use with multicultural and diverse populations. Individuals from these backgrounds sometime encounter difficulties with their career development, and the model was created to focus on the particular issues, needs, and concerns of multicultural populations. The career development model consists of six components: 1) Introduction and Orientation; 2) Self-Assessment; 3) Decision Making; 4) Educational, Occupational, and Community Information; 5) Preparation for Work, Leisure, and Retirement; and 6) Research and Evaluation. A discussion of the barriers encountered by multicultural populations is included, along with implications for counseling and development professionals.