应急产业科技管理体系的构建

近年来在我国,作为新兴产业的应急产业获得了较快的发展,但是由于应急产业科技管理体制性因素的制约,应急产业的发展仍然受到一定的束缚。要进一步完善政府应急管理系统,建立促进应急产业科技发展的体制机制;建立激励应急产业创新的组织结构,培育应急科技创新能力;大力扶持应急产业园建设,推进应急科技联合攻关和集成创新;创新应急科技服务内容与形式,推进应急技术成果应用;建立应急科技人才教育培训扶持机制,提升各类应急科技人才的综合素质和业务素质,从而推进应急产业健康快速发展。     

我国科技人才政策十年发展与面向高水平科技自立自强的优化思路

党的十八大以来，我国科技人才政策不断优化，已形成多层纵横联动的政策体系。科技人才教育与培养政策不断完备，使用与发展政策逐步改善，评价与激励政策更加丰富，有效保障了我国科技人才高质量发展。不过，现有科技人才政策体系仍存在系统性不足、精准性不高、联动性不强，以及对青年科技人才和基础研究人才（以下简称“青基人才”）支持不够等问题，无法充分满足新时期高水平科技自立自强下对高水平科技人才队伍的迫切需求。在新形势下，要夯实科技人才建设在国家创新体系建设中的核心地位和引领作用，面向高水平科技自立自强，未来的科技人才政策需强化自主培养、服务国家战略与聚焦产业需求，推进教育链、人才链、创新链、产业链深度融合，推动青年科技人才政策、基础研究人才政策、战略科学家和卓越工程师发展政策落地；深化科教融合，推进面向科技发展需求的科技人才教育、培养和发展的政策体系建设，建立遵循科研活动规律的研究生教育制度；系统思考优化科技人才评价与激励政策体系，推进科技人才生活保障政策的有效实施；多部门协同推进建立与国际接轨的科技人才机制，加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地。     

山东半岛蓝色经济区人才战略浅析

打造山东半岛蓝色经济区,对海洋科技人才队伍建设提出了更高和更迫切的需求。山东是全国海洋科技力量的富集区和国家海洋科技创新的重要基地,但人才结构不合理,由此带来了海洋产业结构不合理、海洋产品科技含量不高等突出问题。要为蓝色经济提供人才支撑,必须打造海洋科技人才战略体系,编制发展规划、制定人才目录、建设结构合理的人才队伍;打造海洋科技人才示范基地,形成以项目带动引智、以引智促进项目、以基地聚集人才的良性互动新机制,建设海洋科技成果转化与孵化基地,完善蓝色经济区研发体系,加快蓝色经济中的产业技术突破和成;彩转化;构建海洋科技人才组织形式,面向“产学研用”组织成立海洋领域产业技术创新战略联盟,建立有关部门和沿海7市海洋人才联席会议制度和协商合作机制,统筹推进沿海7市海洋人才队伍一体化建设。     

“造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才”需要解决的主要问题——对两次科技院所调查问卷中相关问题的分析

高层次创新型科技人才短缺是当前我国科技发展和科技人才建设的突出问题.调查分析表明,科技管理体制机制中制约科技人才成长的弊端是导致我国高层次创新型科技人才短缺的主要原因.我国要建设创新型国家,建立一支宏大的、有竞争力的创新型科技人才队伍和一大批高层次创新型科技人才队伍,就必须遵循客观发展规律,优先改革和完善科研管理体制机制和科研环境,建立世界先进的、高效率和高效益的科技人才开发利用机制.     

煤炭产业循环经济的科技支撑

煤炭产业发展循环经济,要务实循环经济科技发展基础,发挥企业在科技创新中的主体作用、加快建立产学研相结合的技术创新机制、不断完善煤炭循环经济技术规范和标准.开展深井建设关键技术研究,以充分利用我国深部煤炭资源;发展洁净煤技术,实现煤炭清洁生产和利用;加强矿区环境保护技术和废弃物综合利用技术研究与应用;发展煤矿信息化技术,推进煤炭产业现代化.     

内江市健全四大服务体系为农业科技创新提供有力保障

<正>本刊讯近年来,我市高度重视全市农业科技创新工作,健全扶持政策、科技推广、成果转化、协同创新四大服务体系,为农业供给侧结构性改革提供强有力的科技支撑。一是建立健全科技创新政策体系。相继出台《中共内江市委关于推进全面创新改革驱动转型发展的实施意见》《关于深化科技体制机制改革鼓励科技人员创新创业的意见》《关于深化人才发展体制机制改革推动产业人才高效聚集的实施意见》《内江市农业科学院关于激励科技人员创新创业专项改革试点     

内江市科技局五举措推进大众创业万众创新

正本刊讯内江市科技局以加速企业创新能力为主体,以科技人才为支撑,加快高新技术产业发展、科技孵化器建设和科技成果转化,大力推进大众创业万众创新。一是加强政策支持,营造良好发展环境。以市政府名义先后出台《关于全面推进大众创业万众创新的实施意见》等一系列政策文件,特别是《关于深化科技体制机制改革鼓励科技人员创新创业的意见》《内     

云南省蚕桑产业转型升级中的科技创新需求与对策建议

作为云南省传统优势产业,蚕桑产业对全省农业农村经济发展具有重要促进作用。经过多年努力,云南省蚕桑产业发展取得了显著成绩,但由于受产业体制机制创新不足、产业技术服务支撑能力弱、产业科技人才缺乏等因素制约,蚕桑产业转型升级动力仍然不足。针对云南省蚕桑产业转型升级中的科技创新需求,需从创新蚕桑产业体制机制、构建蚕桑产业技术服务体系、加强蚕桑科技人才队伍建设3个方面着力,促进云南蚕桑产业转型升级。     

基于区域视角的河南高新技术产业绩效分析

通过建立计量经济模型并应用GLS法,测量出各要素的贡献度从高到低依次是高新产业从业人员数量、新产品销售收入和科技支出.因此,要加快河南高新产业发展需大力开发科技人力资源,采取多种措施建设科技人才高地;加强区域知识创新体系和技术创新体系建设,提高高新技术产业的创新能力;实现研发投入硬约束,加大科技研究开发投入.     

基于“可持续发展”的科技援藏创新模式探讨

党的十八大以来,以习近平总书记为核心的党中央为对口援藏做出了一系列部署与安排,科技援藏作为四大援藏工作机制之一,有效促进了西藏科技进步,带动当地经济发展。但随着科技援藏工作的不断深入、科技人才匮乏、科研平台建设滞后、科技投入不足等一系列问题暴露出来,制约着科技援藏的实效发挥。因此,为保障西藏可持续健康发展,需建立互利共赢、共同发展的新机制,推进科技人才组团式援藏,建立一套西藏创新驱动发展的新模式。     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Stern-Gerlach effect goes chiral

Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.