大学创业生态系统的架构与构建路径研究

大学创业生态系统是促进学术创业和创业教育实现良性可持续发展的基石,但构建大学创业生态系统仍缺乏理论指导。本文兼顾组织和制度层面,采用一个双元分析框架,对芬兰阿尔托大学和瑞典隆德大学两所大学案例进行深入分析,在理论上提出大学创业生态系统的架构与构建路径,深化大学创业生态系统的研究。     

创业型大学如何构建创业教育生态系统?

文章借用生态系统的思想,提出了创业型大学构建创业教育生态系统(EEE)的基本框架,并采用多案例研究方法,对比分析了国外三所著名高校(美国斯坦福大学、德国慕尼黑工业大学、新加坡南洋理工大学)在建设创业型大学中构建创业教育生态系统的做法及经验,进而提出相关的政策建议,对我国大学开展创业教育提供了有价值的启示。     

大学创业教育生态系统的构建研究

从生态学的角度研究创业教育,构建高校创业教育生态系统有利于促进创业教育的健康、稳定与可持续发展。文章回顾了创业教育生态系统的相关理论和典型高校创业教育生态系统模型,试图运用生态学的理论与方法构建了基于外部环境与内部师资、学生、创业课程、创业活动、创业孵化为核心的创业教育生态系统模型,并深入剖析了河北地质大学创业教育生态系统各要素的运行。     

慕尼黑工业大学创业教育生态系统建设及启示

如何提高创业教育的质量、效率及其社会价值,是当前中国高等教育发展尤其是创业型大学建设过程中面临的重大课题。德国慕尼黑工业大学(TUM)作为全球领先的创业型大学,其成功之处在于构建了有效的创业教育生态系统,为促进学生创业培育了理想的支持环境。结合对相关文献的分析,从多个维度剖析了TUM创业教育生态系统的结构及其构建思路,提出了对中国高校开展创业教育的对策建议。     

美国赠地大学创新创业生态系统及其对中国的启示

创新创业为美国赠地大学"三位一体"的传统发展模式注入新的活力,同时也为中国高等院校的建设与发展提供参考借鉴.以美国密歇根州立大学为主要研究对象,从创新创业课程开设、社会实践机会提供、创新创业竞赛举办、校园创业社团成立、产业对接强化、校内孵化器与加速器创办、创业投资基金设置7个方面剖析美国赠地大学创新创业生态系统,并从中获得促进中国高等院校特别是农业高校创新创业生态系统建设的几点启示:重视推进高等院校创新创业生态系统建设;构建全方位、多层次的校园创新创业生态系统;形成校内外双循环相互促进的生态网络格局;推进创新创业资源配置市场化;注重素质教育、培养"三农"情怀.     

区域创业信息生态系统的概念模型及其构成要素研究

【目的/意义】信息是创业成功的重要资源,构建区域创业信息生态系统,有助于提高区域创业活动的整体 效率。【方法/过程】模拟生态系统,提出了区域创业信息生态系统构建的基本原则,即整体性、多样性和本土性原 则,并从生态学视角构建区域创业信息生态系统的概念模型。【结果/结论】研究表明,创业信息生态群落对应于生 态系统中的生物群落。在此基础上,重点分析了区域创业信息生态系统的构成要素,以期探寻解决创业活动诸多 问题的方法,进而推动区域创业信息生态系统得以顺畅运行。     

农业创新创业教育生态系统构建研究

创新创业已成为推动经济增长的重要动力,农业是创新创业的重要领域.引入教育生态学理论,构建农业创新创业教育生态系统模型.提出农业创新创业教育生态系统构建目标及原则,对农业创新创业教育生态的主体、环境和资源逐一分析,并从主体、环境和资源三个方面构建了农业创新创业教育生态系统.     

创业信息生态系统模型的构建及运行机制研究

系统梳理国内外创业生态学研究的主要成果,总结归纳了创业生态系统模型,在此基础上界定创业信息生态系统的概念,构建以创业信息人为主体的创业信息生态系统模型,并进一步探究创业信息生态系统的创业警觉、创业信息资源整合、动态协同演化机制。     

高校创新创业教育生态系统建设的相关思考

创新创业生态系统的构建能够为社会发展培养出一批高素质人才。因此,本文简要分析了高校创新创业教育生态系统构建的意义,并提出了高校创新创业教育生态系统构建的举措,以供相关人员参考。     

美国赠地大学创新创业生态系统及对中国的启示

创新创业为美国赠地大学“三位一体”传统发展模式注入新活力,同时也为我国高等院校建设发展提供了参考借鉴。本文以密歇根州立大学为主从创新创业课程、社会实践机会、创新创业竞赛、学生创业社团、产业对接、校内孵化器与加速器、创业投资基金七个方面剖析美国赠地大学创新创业生态系统,并从中获得促进我国高等院校特别是农业高校创新创业生态系统建设的几点启示。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence