隐性复本及其关联著录

传统的复本是指与正本的内容和外在形式特征完全一致的图书,是图书编目意义上的复本,隐性复本是指与正本的内容相同而外在形式特征不同的图书,是读者需求意义上的复本。根据编目工作的确认原理,隐性复本不应该集中著录于同一条书目记录中,而是应该分别建立书目记录,同时应在书目记录之间建立关联,以充分揭示隐性复本,满足读者需求。     

对中国科技期刊的若干思考

作为资深的科技期刊办刊人,作者通过认真思考,总结出目前中国科技期刊需要正视的问题,包括:重英文轻国语严重失衡,重指标轻读者愈演愈烈,重经营轻质量难以为继,重形式轻学术吸引眼球,重普世轻特例步履维艰,重手段轻内涵本末倒置。认为只有重务实戒浮夸,中国的科技期刊才能有光明前途。     

知识构建的基本原理研究（上）——知识构建中的知识状态演变

知识构建的基本原理不仅表现在知识构建需要一定的前提条件,而且表现在其知识状态要发生由知识元→知识单元→知识结构→知识空间的演变,还表现在其应遵循的基本原则：知识元抽取原则、知识单元序化原则、知识结构展示原则、知识空间优化原则上。     

农村图书馆建设中非政府组织活动的调查与研究

海外基金会等慈善组织和个人援建的乡镇图书馆和乡村学校图书馆，文化团体参与的乡村图书馆（室），农民自发建立的图书室，是目前基层图书馆建设中的三类非政府组织活动。尽管这些活动还处于起步阶段，面临着资金、图书馆管理规范与持续运作、专业人员不足等种种困难，但也为乡镇图书馆发展开拓了外部资源，应给予鼓励和引导。     

谈合并院校图书馆的文献资源整合--以山东农业大学图书馆为例

论文介绍了新组建的山东农业大学图书馆在文献资源整合重组、调整布局方面的一些思路和作法,阐述了合校后图书馆新购文献资源流向控制的措施,讨论了需要正确处理好的几个关系.     

图书馆知识管理理念的实践方式

“知识管理”是源于企业的一种科学的新型管理理念，它与传统图书馆管理理念有所差异。图书馆引入“知识管理”理念，其主要的衔接口在于如何充分合理地应用“拥有专业技能的人”。“知识管理”理念在图书馆管理中的实践，将创新图书馆的组织模式，提升图书馆的服务质量，提高图书馆人员的素质，营造图书馆良好的文化氛围。“知识管理”将成为图书馆变革的一把有效钥匙。     

Object-oriented decomposition for distributed systems

Conventional object-oriented design methodologies lead to a hierarchy of classes, but do not suggest which classes/objects should be loaded on which processors in a distributed system. We present the Decomposition Cost Evaluation Model (DCEM) as an approach to this problem. DCEM brings the mapping problem to a higher level of abstraction where the question is which classes, rather than which tasks, should be loaded on which processors. To support these decisions we define communication and computation cost functions for objects, classes, and hierarchies.We then introduce Confined Space Search Decomposition (CSSD) which enhances parallel operations of applications utilizing a tree topology for the processor interconnection scheme. To reduce the penalties of load imbalance, we include a distributed dynamic load balancing heuristic called Object Reincarnation (OR) in which no additional communication costs are incurred.     

INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM ON CAMPUS

Despite many obstacles, investigative journalism continues to flourish in Australia. A significant part of the explanation for this appears to lie with universities which have journalism programs. Investigative journalism has a strong presence in these programs across Australia, a presence which is increasingly being felt at postgraduate level. As a result, an increasing number of journalism graduates have the skills and understanding necessary to embark on serious investigative work, and several institutions have embarked on projects with innovative approaches to collaborative investigative work. However, the wider context in which Australia's tertiary institutions operate is far from benign, and journalism programs—and thus the teaching of investigative journalism—are subject to many pressures. The paper finds that, although university journalism programs are increasingly taking responsibility for educating their students about investigative journalism, thereby picking up a key responsibility which would once have been borne entirely by the industry, there are also forces at work which limit their capacity to do this.     

试论图书馆社会教育职能在当代的发展

图书馆在社会教育中曾享有重要地位,具有传播思想、启迪智慧、培养人才等作用。在当代,社会教育仍是图书馆应具有的重要职能,不应在"知识自由"的理念下迷失方向,要坚持发挥图书馆的教育指引作用,这是我国图书馆事业在当代发展的突破口。     

知识存取：内涵、特征及其量素

论述图书馆的本质特征是知识存取。知识存取具有系统性、动态性、增值性特征。知识存量是知识增长的静态表征,是系统在特定时点的知识储备水平,反映知识的组织状况和供应能力;知识取量是知识的动态表征,是系统在特定时段的知识流动总量,反映知识的扩散速度和水平;知识质量是知识内在质的规定性,是系统知识现实与潜在价值的总和,反映知识的直接效用和耐用程度;知识变量是知识在存取中的变化值,是系统知识的变化总量,反映知识在存取中转化的程度。知识存取,正是要努力地实现客观知识朝着理想的增函数曲线方向变化。     

A Hierarchical Document Retrieval Language

The focus of this work is on the development of a document retrieval language which attempts to enable users to better represent their requirements with respect to retrieved documents. We describe a framework for evaluating documents which allows, in the spirit of computing with words, a linguistic specification of the interrelationship between the desired attributes. This framework, which makes considerable use of the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operator, also supports a hierarchical structure which allows for an increased expressiveness of queries.     

When “Sugar and Spice” Turn to “Fire and Ice”: Factors Affecting the Adverse Consequences of Relational Aggression among Adolescent Girls

This study investigated factors affecting the relative harm of relationally aggressive acts among adolescent girls. One hundred twenty-seven high school girls completed a survey in which they described an event where another girl did something to them that was mean or hurtful. Girls also completed measures of the extent to which the aggressive act threatened their positive face, and the extent to which the aggressive act led them to experience negative affect. Results supported the prediction that aggressive acts committed by girls who were more popular than the victim were associated with greater perceived face threat and negative affect than aggressive acts committed by girls who were equally popular or less popular than the victim. In addition, events in which the perpetrator involved other individuals in the commission of aggression were associated with greater perceived face threat and greater negative affect than events in which the perpetrator acted alone. Contrary to predictions, degree of interpersonal closeness between the victim and the perpetrator just prior to the aggressive act was not associated with perceived face threat or degree of negative affect.     

What's in your list?: A survey of business database holdings and funding sources at top academic institutions

The present study reports the online business database holdings of the top academic institutions in the United States, which databases are paid for by which entities on campus, and some of the most common and most desired business databases. An invitation to participate in an online survey was sent to 91 top institutions of which 39 institutions participated. The results show a wide variety of information resources are considered core business resources in contemporary business librarianship and imply an increasing importance of cost sharing in providing the databases to support research and efforts to commercialize research.     

后现代文学中的图书馆危机叙事及重构设想

以图书馆为主要叙述对象或故事发生背景的后现代小说,采用戏仿、反讽、嬉笑怒骂的写作方法,表达出图书馆的尴尬境遇。其中,思想最具代表性的有:博尔赫斯的《通天塔图书馆》,指向现代图书馆的本体性危机;戴卫.洛奇的《大英博物馆在倒塌》,指向大英博物馆的价值性危机;理查德.布罗提根的《堕胎》,直指现代性图书馆的制度性危机。     

Lokvani (voice of the masses): A case study of e-governance in rural India

The paper defines and explains e-governance. It also discusses an e-governance initiative Lokvani (which means voice of the masses) which has been taken in the small district of Sitapur; it is located in Uttar Pradesh, northern part of India. Highlights the upsides and downsides of Lokvani. This paper also dwells upon the challenges which must be overcome before implementing e-governance projects across the length and breadth of the country. It offers suggestions for successfully implementing e-governance in the country.     

试论编辑的价值判断与价值取向

编辑必须有自己的本位价值(即最高价值).社会主义编辑工作者的价值观,具有义利的统一性,既不抹杀、否定个人和小集体的物质利益,又重视道德的作用.当今编辑工作者所追求的远大目标,应该是出版有益于社会文明进步的传世之作.     

‘Agonised Weeping’: Representing Femininity,Emotion and Infanticide in Edwardian Newspapers

Newspaper reports of actual or suspected infanticide were by no means unusual in early twentieth-century England, yet few of these ever resulted in conviction on the capital charge. This article traces the ways in which both local and national newspapers reported on one of the rare cases which a woman was sentenced to death for the murder of her baby: the 1909 trial of Alice Cleaver at the Central Criminal Court. Despite clear evidence of her guilt, newspapers focused instead on the ways in which the defendant had conformed to ideas about respectable femininity, and were united in depicting Cleaver as deserving of judicial and public sympathy. Comparing press reports of the trial with unpublished Home Office papers also reveals the deliberate silence of the press on matters which conflicted with the ‘standard’ representation of infanticide cases—including the fact that Cleaver had a learning disability.     

New Issues,New Developments and New Challenges for Negotiating the International Rights Contract

A guide to basic contractual provisions and current publishing trends for consideration in negotiating a concise, successful International Rights Contract, which includes: assessing the rights available for sale and ways in which to successfully exploit and maintain those rights.     

Lokvani (voice of the masses): A case study of e-governance in rural India

The paper defines and explains e-governance. It also discusses an e-governance initiative Lokvani (which means voice of the masses) which has been taken in the small district of Sitapur; it is located in Uttar Pradesh, northern part of India. Highlights the upsides and downsides of Lokvani. This paper also dwells upon the challenges which must be overcome before implementing e-governance projects across the length and breadth of the country. It offers suggestions for successfully implementing e-governance in the country.     

THE PERFECT GENTLEMAN

Erin Mackie explores how Mr Spectator became one persona through which James Boswell represents himself in his London Journal (1762–63), providing an antitype of the ‘rake’ persona which Boswell derives in part from Macheath in The Beggar's Opera. In this antithesis most attention falls on Macheath, but Mackie notes that in Tatler 27 Richard Steele creates a sentimental portrait of the rake as ‘the most agreeable of all Bad Characters’. Thus Boswell finds in the Tatler's rake an image of himself which stands in relation to the disapproving Mr Spectator. With this in mind, Mackie notes that the Spectator papers which describe the Mohock riots of March–April 1712 also characterize such displays as innocuous theatrical expressions of youthful ebullience. Boswell, then, finds acceptable dress for his criminal masculinity by casting himself into a ‘mock-heroic impersonation’ whilst using the narrative position provided by Mr Spectator to give himself ‘spectatorial immunity’.