面向教师画像的能力精准测评和可视化呈现

在人工智能助推教师队伍建设背景下,借助画像技术实现对教师能力的精准测评并助力其个性化发展,愈发重要。然而,面向教师画像的能力测评精准性仍有待提高,其可视化呈现方式的解释性也仍显不足。研究根据教师能力的构成特征及多模态数据测评文献分析,构建了全面细粒度的面向教师画像的能力测评框架,并从数据多源采集及其准确处理的角度,提出了有效场景信息识别、数据采集高支持度保障、跨场景数据动态融合、非线性特征提取算法优化等四方面的测评精准性提升策略。结合自主研发的师范生教学基本技能智能实训系统,研究分析了教师画像的数据可视化特征,探讨了能力外显的行为、社会交互、知识、情感等四类数据属性的可视化方式。     

混合场景下阅读投入的多模态表征与预警研究

阅读投入是衡量中小学生在多种阅读情境中的参与水平与努力程度的有效指标,基于多模态数据对其进行精准表征与适时预警是促进良好阅读习惯养成、提升阅读素养的重要途径。鉴于此,研究明确了阅读投入的内涵与情感、认知、行为、社交四个构成维度,构建出混合场景下的阅读投入模型,并基于阅读过程中生成的文本、日志、图像、语音、生理、心理六种模态数据,形成了多模态数据表征阅读投入的框架与指标。以此为基础,阐述了不良阅读投入状态的预警路径,包括阅读投入的指标融合计算、状态识别分析、预警策略匹配和预警信息反馈。由此,可对中小学生阅读投入情况加以检视,及时发现学生的不良阅读状态并提供预警反馈,未来可通过阅读投入进一步揭示阅读理解能力的发展机制,并提供个性化干预策略。     

数字画像赋能校本研修的行动研究——以跨学科主题研修为例

人工智能赋能教育科研是时代对教育的要求。为满足提升教师对义务教育新课标中学生跨学科主题学习能力的要求,回应信息化时代教师校本研修的技术关键,本研究提出数字画像赋能教师校本研修的实践路径。数据洞察,基于跨学科校本研修的数据资源储备;数据挖掘,精准对标跨学科研修主体的能力提升;数据释放,集成建模跨学科校本研修的协同互动。     

基于学习者画像的个性化学习策略研究

学习者画像是为学习者提供精准个性化服务的核心,也为个性化学习提供了新的研究方向。从学习者画像的数据收集方法和画像的基本结构以及构建方法入手,并在此基础上探究可以推荐的个性化学习策略。最后指出学习者画像会随着外部因素的不同而产生变化的,因此同一个人在不同课程上的学习者画像是不同的,为后续探究影响学习者画像的因素做好铺垫。     

教育大数据环境下基于学习画像的个性化学习路径设计研究

在线学习环境下,探索符合学习习惯和偏好的学习活动路径能够降低学习者学习盲目性、提升学习者的课程体验。研究以教育大数据为背景,以MOOC为研究案例,以个性化学习路径为研究内容,通过对学习结果分类理论、教育目标分类法以及三维目标分类理论的分析、对比、归纳、借鉴,对MOOC平台学习者行为数据进行了维度划分,并从态度和认知两方面入手构建了包含学习兴趣、知识水平、综合能力三个维度的学习者学习画像特征模型。在此基础上,通过交叉使用Apriori All算法和贝叶斯网络对平台行为数据进行差异处理,使其转化为具有信息价值的具体数值,设计出了学习画像与个性化学习路径拟合系统。在此基础上,运用蚁群算法实现个性化学习路径的生成与推荐,为学习者提供精准的学习路径指导,降低学生迷航率。研究结果表明:基于学习画像的个性化学习路径推荐具有精准性;学习画像可以实现MOOC环境下平台数据和学习者之间的耦合;交叉使用多种算法实现不同维度数据的差异性处理,使数据分析、处理、应用具有合理性,是实现个性化学习路径生成推荐的良好基础。     

深度学习的发生机制与多模态数据测评研究

进入数字化知识经济时代,社会发展对教育活动提出了更高要求,旨在培养高阶思维和创新能力的深度学习备受国际社会的高度关注。为此,“深度学习如何发生”和“如何评估深度学习发生程度”,也成为亟待研究的两个关键学术问题。认知心理学、教育神经学和具身认知为理解深度学习提供了理论基础,指引人们从人—物互动视角认识个体的认知变化过程,打开了个体学习的内隐机制“黑箱”,实现内隐机制和外显表征的桥接与理解。基于这一认识与分析,通过信息输入、深度加工和学习生成三个环节,初步构建了深度学习的发生机制模型,并设置相关的学习状态指标。而要实现对深度学习发生程度的精准评价,则应依据深度学习的多模态数据测评框架,综合性采集与分析学习者的生理数据、自我评估数据、在线学习平台数据和课堂参与数据等多模态数据。但是,在采用多模态数据测评深度学习的发生及其程度时,多模态数据仍存在异质性差距、数据建模缺乏精确度、常态化评价开展困难、数据安全和伦理道德难以得到保障等问题,亟需未来开展更为深入的研究与探索。     

多模态数据赋彩学习投入测评新发展

学习投入作为衡量学习者成功与否的重要指标、影响学习者学习绩效的关键因素,受到专家学者的广泛关注。如何对学习投入进行合理有效测评,是当前教育领域不可回避的现实课题。通过对传统测评方式梳理发现其极易产生“路灯效应”,存在分析信度及效度不准确等弊端。本研究以多模态数据为切入点,提出多模态数据赋彩学习投入测评新机制,包括多模态数据信息采集、关系挖掘、融合应用三个层面,多维解析学习投入测评逻辑机理,助力突破学习投入测评现实困境,以推动学习投入测评新发展。     

面向协作学习多重投入特征画像的多模态学习分析

群体投入特征画像是教育与信息技术交叉学科关注的重要研究议题。目前的研究,尚需要在群体投入维度与指标构建、多模态交互数据的融合表征,以及群体多维投入特征刻画等方面取得突破。鉴于此,如何采用多模态交互信息来表征协作学习参与者的投入状态,成为应对当前挑战的关键问题。因此,结合德尔菲法与层次分析法建立群体多重投入特征的分析指标及权重,利用多模态交互分析方法融合与表征多维投入特征,并从群体投入状态差异与时序变化等角度,刻画协作知识建构中参与者的投入特征。研究结果认为:行为参与、社会关系、观点建构和共享调节是刻画群体协作学习投入状态的重要指标,基于多模态数据刻画群体投入特征方法需处理的关键问题是多模态交互数据的融合比例与数据对齐方式;在群体知识建构活动中,个体在各子投入维度的不均衡表现与小组内部成员相互影响的投入表现是协作学习投入的主要特征。     

高校网络舆情用户画像构建与应用研究

大数据时代,高校网络舆情管理挑战与机遇并存.探讨了国内高校网络舆情用户画像的研究现状,结合高校网络舆情管理实际,从资源层、数据层、存储层、处理层、模型层、应用层提出构建高校网络舆情用户画像的架构图,并从构建可视化用户画像、建立专业化管理队伍、培养网络意见领袖三个方面提出应用建议.     

多场景融合的教师数字画像：模式建构与应用方法

教师数字画像是助力教师高质量发展的重要手段。结合新时期教师角色的多元综合性和专业能力的多维复合性需求,有必要对教师进行基于多场景融通的数字画像。本文面向精准教研、教师培训、课堂教学、智能研修、绩效评价等教师工作属性相关的关键场景应用,从数据获取、数据融合、画像描摹、画像运用、服务优化五方面建构了多场景融合的教师数字画像模式,以解决画像重复建设、共享困难、利用率不高、针对性不强等问题。基于此,依托多场景需求识别、可视化结果呈现、多主体协同、关注数据安全问题等应用方法,可帮助制定循证的专业发展路径、设计系统智能化评估方案、形成多元贯通的教师发展共同体和营造稳定可持续的画像应用环境,从而优化教师数字画像的多场景应用服务体系。     

Inside a beginning immigrant science teacher’s classroom: an ethnographic study

Teaching is a highly personal endeavor shaped by ‘funds of knowledge’ and beliefs about teaching, learning, and students. This case study examines how one Asian immigrant teacher’s personal expectations and beliefs influenced his expectations of students and the teaching and instructional strategies he employed. His expectations of students’ behavior and their failure to conform to his expectations influenced him to utilize more traditional, didactic instructional practices and responses to classroom management dilemmas. It is generally assumed that immigrant and minority students will benefit from exposure to teachers from similar backgrounds, and that ethnically diverse teachers can better prepare minority students for the multicultural workplace and global economy. This study focuses on the role a teacher’s background and experiences play in development of their beliefs about teaching and learning, their expectations of students, and the instructional decisions they make regarding teaching and learning. This study suggests that teachers draw on their personal histories and cultural understandings to create classroom practices which are molded by microcosms of personal ‘funds of knowledge’ and beliefs about teaching and learning. In contrast to conventional wisdom and unquestioned myths, this study emphasizes the importance of knowing that teachers’ cultural backgrounds do not necessarily qualify them to provide the most appropriate instructional environment for students from similar cultural backgrounds. This study suggests that all teachers need to learn to recognize and negotiate the unique social elements culturally diverse students bring to the classroom.     

Insights into teacher learning about pedagogy from an international group of teachers of students with severe intellectual disabilities

This article examines teacher professional learning about pedagogy for teachers of students with severe intellectual disabilities within broader teacher education and pedagogical frameworks for this group of learners. The article presents and discusses findings from a USA–England research project, involving classroom observations and interviews with nine teachers of students with severe intellectual disabilities from four specialist public school settings, intended to explore teachers’ pedagogical decision-making and learning. The theoretical lens of situated learning and the conceptual lens of evidence-based practice are used to contextualise and examine the teachers’ views about the what, how and when they learn about pedagogical approaches and strategies. Teachers emphasised the situated and interactional nature of their learning, particularly highlighting the personal responses of students and their relationship with these students. They use this knowledge and understanding to adapt evidence-based strategies and programmes and inform their pedagogical decisions. This affords the concepts of ‘situated generalization’ and ‘practice based evidence’ an influential role in how teachers engage in the process of pedagogical decision-making. An implication for teacher educators is the need to support teachers in making connections of new pedagogical understandings and skills with the individual learning profiles and responses of their students with severe intellectual disabilities.     

教师学习:本质、影响因素与路径特征——基于近十年研究的阐释

教师学习是教师专业发展的核心路径.对教师学习的本质、影响因素与路径特征等三个根本性问题的探究,是实现高质量教师专业发展与教师队伍建设的逻辑起点.采用文献分析法,对最近十年的93篇相关文献进行编码分析后发现,教师学习是"系统中的"和"交互下的",其本质是个体与系统多重互动中教师整体变化的过程,它受到教师所在整个系统的复杂影响,呈现出"三个面向"与"三重取向"的路径特征:面向复杂教育教学实践,实践取向的教师学习成为趋势;面向差异化教师,个性化教师学习正在发育;面向多变环境,线上线下混合式学习或将成为教师学习新常态.复杂性、整体性、系统性、交互性、实践性、差异性等是当前理解教师学习的关键词,日常化、校本化、团队化、高科技化等成为教师学习实践的发展趋势.     

On transitional space,unresolved conflicts,and an uncertain teacher education

This research project began as an effort to redesign a learning theory course as transitional space and evolved into an analysis of how unresolved conflict from younger learning selves influence graduate preservice teachers’ acquisition of teacher identity. The study draws upon work by Elizabeth Ellsworth on transitional space and Deborah P. Britzman’s work that deconstructs teacher education development. The data for the study were collected throughout a three‐semester graduate teacher education program and include narrative and formal writing using theoretical discourses. Foucauldian concepts of discourse analysis were used to interpret the initial data set; discourse analysis maps were then employed to further develop data interpretation. Two case study illustrations of preservice teachers resulted from this work. These illustrations demonstrate how transitional space is troubled space and the unevenness of teacher development. The study raises the question, ‘What will teacher education do with uncertainty?’     

Teachers’ professional agency and learning – from adaption to active modification in the teacher community

The aim of this study was to examine teacher learning in terms of teachers’ professional agency in the professional community of the school. Altogether 2310 Finnish comprehensive school teachers completed a survey. Results showed that teachers’ active efforts to learn in the professional community and to promote school development cannot be explained, and hence reduced, to a single behavioral attribute. The findings indicated that teacher learning in terms of professional agency in the professional community consists of several elements including: skills, efficacy beliefs, and motivational factors, which entail transforming one’s teaching practices, experiencing collective efficacy, constructing positive interdependency, the appreciation of mutual agreements, and using active strategies of help-seeking. The investigation also suggests that the use of modifying strategies is characteristic of both the teacher’s professional agency as well as the strategies employed to reduce stress.     

核心素养视角下教师数智化培训体系建构研究

杭州市建兰中学围绕"建兰学校大脑助力教育教学改革"的培训主题,开启依托"学校大脑"的教师数智化培训平台研究.建兰中学以教师核心素养为内核,从教师评价和教师发展两个基本维度,设计出"教师画像"数据平台,全面收集和记录教师教育教学行为轨迹,形成多种层面的"教师画像",从多个维度反映与评价教师的教育教学行为,指明其最具增长点...     

Teacher adaptation to personalized learning spaces

Personalized learning spaces are emerging in schools as a critical reaction to ‘industrial-era’ school models. As the form and function of schools and pedagogy change, this places pressure on teachers to adapt their conventional practice. This paper addresses the question of how teachers can adapt their classroom practice to create personalized learning spaces. Personalized learning spaces draw conceptually from several decades of attempts to personalize learning and open up classrooms, both physically and virtually. They are characterized by deliberate and active interactions between the context, teacher and students. Two case studies are presented of teachers in Australian regional schools reacting to new open plan school buildings by adapting their practice. Key findings discussed are the influence of context on teacher reasoning, and teacher agency when establishing alternative learning environments.     

“互联网+”时代的混合式教师研修:理念与实施路径

混合式教师研修是“互联网+”时代教师研修改革的创新模式,有其特定的理念和实施路径。“互联网+”时代的混合式研修,是指通过在线研修、移动研修与线下研修、工作现场研修的充分融合,以混合式教学的理念和方式进行设计的全新研修范式。混合式教师研修旨在促进教师深度学习和专业能力提升,促进教师研修均衡化和教师个性化专业发展。建构主义学习理论和联通主义学习理论是混合式教师研修的认识论基础,混合式教师研修的设计需要教师专业发展和混合式教学两个维度的方法论支撑。混合式教师研修的设计应在遵循教师专业发展规律的基础上,以混合式教学的理念、方法设计其实施路径。     

Personalized learning through 1:1 technology initiatives: implications for teachers and teaching in neoliberal times

Situated within the broader context of neoliberalism, this article explores how personalized learning, as tied to 1:1 technology initiatives, prompts changes in teachers’ classrooms and practices. The article draws upon a case study of one novice teacher as a way to view how personalized learning is undergirded by tenets of neoliberalism that ultimately change the relationship between teachers, students, and knowledge. While this article does not dispute the positive effects that personalized learning through technology has offered to many students, it explores facets of how such a change has reoriented the role of the teacher and repositioned knowledge as it relates to classrooms and students.     

Eye tracking methodology for studying teacher learning: a review of the research

ABSTRACT

Eye tracking methodology offers insights into human attention, decision-making processes, and user behaviours. In the context of teacher learning, data generated from eye-tracking technology has the potential to provide important information about teachers’ behavioural patterns and cognitive processes that may or may not be occurring during learning experiences. This review analyses existing studies that use eye tracking methodology for studying teacher learning. The authors accessed three different databases (ERIC, PsycNet, and EBSCOHost) for their review. An iterative process of reviewing and coding the articles led to an in-depth review of 10 recently published articles. Emergent themes resulted from the in-depth review and include information processing, multimedia learning, learning tools and resources, and expert-novice knowledge construction. The reviewed articles also highlight how eye tracking can be used to determine teachers’ engagement with learning material, reading patterns, and sense-making strategies. Additional study characteristics, including context, data sources, eye tracking device and metrics were also reviewed. Results of this review shed light on how educational researchers can effectively use eye tracking methodology to investigate teacher learning at different career stages. This, in turn, can inform educational stakeholders about how to optimize learning opportunities and environments.