Mapping world-class universities on the web

A visual display of the most important universities in the world is the aim of this paper. It shows the topological characteristics and describes the web relationships among universities of different countries and continents. The first 1000 higher education institutions from the Ranking Web of World Universities were selected and their link relationships were obtained from Yahoo! Search. Network graphs and geographical maps were built from the search engine data. Social network analysis techniques were used to analyse and describe the structural properties of the whole of the network and its nodes. The results show that the world-class university network is constituted from national sub-networks that merge in a central core where the principal universities of each country pull their networks toward international link relationships. The United States dominates the world network, and within Europe the British and the German sub-networks stand out.     

基于社会网络分析和密度算子的学术期刊综合评价研究

【目的】 针对学术期刊多属性综合评价中指标间相关性较强的问题,提出一种新的基于社会网络分析和密度算子的学术期刊综合评价模型。【方法】 将学术期刊评价指标视为网络节点,依据节点间相关性构造关系网络矩阵。设计节点中心度和子群凝聚度,度量节点和子群的重要性。基于密度算子综合集成评价信息,计算并且排序学术期刊综合评价值。【结果】 以图书情报类学术期刊为研究对象,实证结果表明该方法能够充分顾及指标间的相关性,得出较为合理的评价结果,是一种切实可行的学术期刊综合评价方法。【结论】 基于社会网络分析和密度算子的学术期刊综合评价模型为科研机构评价学术期刊提供了一种新思路。     

基于不同网络数据源的期刊评价研究

【目的】分析四种网络数据源在期刊影响力评价方面的异同,为期刊综合评价提供理论指导。【方法】 以2014年JCR、Pubmed数据库均收录的影响因子排名前50的开放存取期刊为研究对象,通过相关分析、因子分析提取各数据源平台在期刊评价中的主要影响因子,作为期刊评价中重点考察的代表性数据指标。【结果】 JCR的期刊影响力主要来源于被引频次、可引用项目;Google scholar扩大了期刊信息的传播范围;Altmetrics.com注重网络传播指标、获取指标和利用指标,其主要影响因素来源于网络传播指标。【结论】 JCR反映的是期刊在学界的影响力;Google scholar前置了期刊评价;应用搜索引擎获取期刊网站的链接数、IP访问量、PV浏览量等描述了期刊传播阶段的影响力。Altmetric.com将期刊评价延伸到传播、获取和利用的全过程。     

基于耦合强度的我国图书情报学核心期刊社会网络分析

【目的】 提高期刊耦合分析结果的准确度,并通过分析学术期刊在不同数据集上的耦合强度揭示学科内部、学科内部与学科外部的知识传播,为细粒度分析期刊耦合关系提供了新的思路。 【方法】 以我国图书情报类17种CSSCI核心期刊2009—2014年的所有论文为研究对象,建立了17种期刊的三个（国内学科内部的、国内学科外部的、国外的）参考文献数据集;在Ucinet6.0环境,从吸收学科内部知识、学科外部知识、国外知识三个维度上对期刊耦合网络进行了凝聚子群分析、密度分析和中心性分析。 【结果】 在三个不同的维度上,17种期刊的子群划分结果有差异、相同的期刊子群成熟度有差异、同一期刊在学科中的地位和作用有差异。 【结论】 在不同维度上进行期刊耦合分析,能够从不同视角观察学科期刊间的亲疏关系,更细致、全面地揭示期刊对应学科的知识结构和发展成熟度。     

国内创新动力研究前沿的可视化分析

为了追踪国内关于创新动力研究的前沿热点内容,文中利用信息可视化和社会网络分析法,以CSSCI数据库中2009—2014年的以创新动力为关键词的文献为研究样本,运用Ucinet6.216软件对其进行社会网络分析。通过对网络密度、中心度和凝聚子群等进行综合分析,结果表明:围绕创新动力这一核心,当前学者们的研究视角各不相同,但大部分学者的研究主要集中在技术创新、转型升级、自主创新、创新动力源等几大方面,是创新动力研究的前沿热点内容。     

Information avoidance behavior on social network sites: Information irrelevance,overload, and the moderating role of time pressure

Drawing on the stressor-strain-outcome framework, this study investigates how information irrelevance and overload induce social network fatigue, and the relationship of these variables to users’ information avoidance behavior. It also examines the conditions under which social network fatigue is more likely to be translated into information avoidance behavior. The analysis of data collected from 341 users of WeChat Moments suggests that information irrelevance directly leads to information avoidance behavior, and social media fatigue as a mediator partially mediates the impact of information overload on information avoidance behavior and fully mediates the impact of social overload on information avoidance behavior. Furthermore, time pressure strengthens the effect of social network fatigue on information avoidance behavior. This study fulfills the identified need for an in-depth investigation of actual discontinuous behavior in social network services (SNSs) by investigating information avoidance behavior and its antecedents. The findings provide SNSs providers with guidelines on how to manage users’ behavior so that they remain active users of the SNSs.     

我国科研人员的科研合作网络分析——基于个体中心网视角的研究

 利用一项对我国科研人员的大规模社会调查所得数据,运用个体中心网分析方法来研究科研人员的合作网络。研究从网络规模、网络密度、网络趋同性和网络异质性等网络指标出发,对科研人员的合作网络进行了全面的描述和分析,并进一步分析了不同类型的科研人员在合作网络结构上存在的差异情况。最后还就分析的理论意义和政策含义展开了讨论。     

A social status perspective of network utility over electronic channels in academic communities

Early research on the social implications of e-mail has promoted the role of electronic communication channels in fostering social equality and reducing gaps between the social classes. Follow-up studies, however, suggest that people continue to rely on social cues in electronic communication as a way of dealing with uncertainties and reducing feelings of discomfort associated with unfamiliar contexts. Based on a review of the Social Cognitive Theory, social status and electronic communication literatures, along with the results of a previous qualitative study, we propose a formal model that indicates how self-perceptions of social status are related to the use of e-mail and the acquisition of social resources over electronic channels. The model is tested using data collected from 206 faculty members in a major U.S. university. The empirical results support the proposed model implying that self-perceptions of social status influence social assertiveness, which in turn reinforces the use of e-mail to seek help and acquire social resources from others. The use of e-mail for the acquisition of social resources is associated with a socially diverse network whose contacts are perceived to acquire valuable information and to extend instrumental support for career development. Implications are drawn for both theory and practice.     

Connection and stratification in research collaboration: An analysis of the COLLNET network

Co-authorship among scientists represents a prototype of a social network. By mapping the graph containing all relevant publications of members in an international collaboration network: COLLNET, we infer the structural mechanisms that govern the topology of this social system. The structure of the network affects the information available to individuals, and their opportunities to collaborate. The structure of the network also affects the overall flow of information, and the nature of the scientific community. We present a number of measures of both the macro- (whole-network) and micro- (actor-centered) structure of collaboration, and apply these to COLLNET. We find that this scientific community displays many aspects of a “small-world,” and is somewhat vulnerable to disruption should major figures become inactive. We also find inequality in the roles played by individuals in the network. The inequalities, however, do not create a closed and isolated “core” or elite.     

Binary Pathfinder: An improvement to the Pathfinder algorithm

The Pathfinder algorithm is widely used to prune social networks. The pruning maintains the geodesic distances between nodes. It has shown itself to be very useful in the analysis of, amongst others, citations in BIS (bibliometrics, informetrics, and scientometrics). It has even been proposed for the online display of the search results in an information retrieval system. However, its great time and space complexity limits its use in real-time applications and in networks of any considerable size.The present work describes an improved algorithm with considerably reduced time and space complexity. Its lower execution costs thus increase its applicability both in real time and to large networks.     

SocConnect: A personalized social network aggregator and recommender

Users of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) like Facebook, LinkedIn or Twitter, are facing two problems: (1) it is difficult for them to keep track of their social friendships and friends’ social activities scattered across different SNSs; and (2) they are often overwhelmed by the huge amount of social data (friends’ updates and other activities). To address these two problems, we propose a user-centric system called “SocConnect” (Social Connect) for aggregating social data from different SNSs and allowing users to create personalized social and semantic contexts for their social data. Users can blend and group friends on different SNSs, and rate the friends and their activities as favourite, neutral or disliked. SocConnect then provides personalized recommendation of friends’ activities that may be interesting to each user, using machine learning techniques. A prototype is also implemented to demonstrate these functionalities of SocConnect. Evaluation on real users confirms that users generally like the proposed functionalities of our system, and machine learning can be effectively applied to provide personalized recommendation of friends’ activities and help users deal with cognitive overload.     

社会网络视角下中国创新管理学术团体研究

以10671篇创新管理研究论文为分析对象,运用社会网络分析方法,通过作者合著网络结构的量化分析,揭示了中国创新管理研究学术团体及其研究方向,进而对网络中重复出现的作者进行了数理统计和中心性分析,发现了作者机构流动效应,以期对我国创新管理研究的未来发展方向以及科研合作政策的制定提供有益启示。     

Workers united: Digitally enhancing social connectedness on the shop floor

Organizations increasingly implement processes-oriented setups like value stream production. Whereas this transition may bring many advantages on an organizational level, related studies show that shop floor workers feel less able to maintain close contact with others and exchange awareness cues. Their diminished social connectedness has consequences on the personal (e.g., reduced satisfaction) and organizational (reduced efficiency) level. The current wave of digitization brings ample opportunities for companies to bring their employees closer together again. In order to identify such opportunities, we have studied the shop floor production practices of an automotive OEM (original equipment manufacturer) for nearly two years. Following a scenario-based action design science approach, we have developed problem and activity scenarios as well as a prototype that helps the workers to improve their social connectedness in three different scenarios. Eight weeks of use demonstrated the prototype’s positive impact on the employees’ social connectedness by allowing for social appraisal and by improving their sense of sharing and involvement. Our results show which information technology (IT) design elements can contribute to social connectedness on the shop floor.     

Questioner or question: Predicting the response rate in social question and answering on Sina Weibo

With the noted popularity of social networking sites, people increasingly rely on these social networks to address their information needs. Although social question and answering is potentially an important venue seeking information online, it, unfortunately, suffers from a problem of low response rate, with the majority of questions receiving no response. To understand why the response rate of social question and answering is low and hopefully to increase it in the future, this research analyzes extrinsic factors that may influence the response probability of questions posted on Sina Weibo. We propose 17 influential factors from 2 different perspectives: the content of the question, and the characteristics of the questioner. We also train a prediction model to forecast a question's likelihood of being responded based on the proposed features We test our predictive model on more than 60,000 real-world questions posted on Weibo, which generate more than 600,000 responses. Findings show that a Weibo's question answerability is primarily contingent on the questioner versus the question. Our findings indicate that using appreciation emojis can increase a question's response probability, whereas the use of hashtags negatively influences the chances of receiving answers. Our contribution is in providing insights for the design and development of future social question and answering tools, as well as for enhancing social network users’ collaboration in supporting social information seeking activities.     

期刊公众账号对学术文献社会传播的推动作用分析

【目的】 通过期刊公众账号对学术文献转载的计量分析,探究期刊公众账号在学术文献社会传播中发挥的作用。【方法】 以48种进化生物学SCI收录期刊2010—2017年发表的学术文献为研究对象,抓取文献在Twitter平台的转载数据,采用数据计量分析方法探究期刊公众账号对文献转载的影响。【结果】(1)具有公众账号的期刊所发表的文献被大量转载,高被转载文献也大多来自于设有公众账号的期刊,且该类期刊发文的被引和被转载之间的相关性更为显著。(2)“OfficialSMBE”“EcoEvoJournals”和“RSocPublishing”等期刊公众账号转载了大量文献,是转载群体共线网络中的高中心性节点;其次,“OfficialSMBE”“EcoEvoJournals”和“BehavEcolPapers”等期刊公众账号为文献的高频首次转载账号,在文献的转载中发挥了引领的作用。【结论】 设有公众账号的期刊发文有较为显著的转载优势,期刊公众账号推动了学术文献的社会传播。     

Building Guanxi network in the mobile social platform: A social capital perspective

Mobile social platform such as WeChat Moments has gained great popularity in China in the past few years. However, there are still a lack of studies that focus on Guanxi network building in the virtual social community. Drawing upon social capital theory and technology affordance theory, this study develops a research model to examine the influences of platform media richness and interactivity on users’ social capital and participation behaviors in the WeChat Moments. An empirical survey was conducted in China and 287 valid data were collected from WeChat users. Structural equation modelling analysis was used to test the research model. The empirical results suggest that platform interactivity and media richness are significant technology affordances that promote users’ Guanxi network, and their influences are mediated by social interaction and shared understanding. Furthermore, Guanxi network is positively associated with users’ active participation in the WeChat Moments. Theoretical and practical implications are illustrated in the final section.     

Applying a multi-dimensional hedonic concept of intrinsic motivation on social tagging tools: A theoretical model and empirical validation

Participation in and adding content to social tagging tools is important for these tools to achieve their purpose of classifying and organizing information. Users of social tagging tools are driven to participate and add tags by extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation is dominating research as a main predictor of why users use information systems. Social tagging tools, as a subset of social media tools, are distinguished by their unique social aspect that makes intrinsic motivation a potential driver for users to add tags to content. Intrinsic motivation, when applied to social tagging tools, could entail many shades that represent different users’ motives for using such tools. In this paper, we add a rich concept of intrinsic motivation to include hedonism as a main predictor of users’ behavior on social tagging tools. We empirically validate a previously proposed theoretical model of three dimensional concepts of hedonism with three components describing individuals’ hedonic state when interacting with social tagging tools: explorability, curiosity, and enjoyment. After a robust and thorough data analysis using structured equation modeling, the results confirm our theoretical model and suggest using a richer concept of enjoyment to reflect a hedonic dimension when investigating intrinsic motivation with interactive social media tools. Our validated model could be the spark of new factors that have the potential to influence user acceptance of information systems in general and in social media tools. This research contributes to the development of attitude-behavior theories that could explain users’ acceptance of dynamic web     

Egocentric analysis of co-authorship network structure,position and performance

In this study, we propose and validate social networks based theoretical model for exploring scholars’ collaboration (co-authorship) network properties associated with their citation-based research performance (i.e., g-index). Using structural holes theory, we focus on how a scholar’s egocentric network properties of density, efficiency and constraint within the network associate with their scholarly performance. For our analysis, we use publication data of high impact factor journals in the field of “Information Science & Library Science” between 2000 and 2009, extracted from Scopus. The resulting database contained 4837 publications reflecting the contributions of 8069 authors. Results from our data analysis suggest that research performance of scholars’ is significantly correlated with scholars’ ego-network measures. In particular, scholars with more co-authors and those who exhibit higher levels of betweenness centrality (i.e., the extent to which a co-author is between another pair of co-authors) perform better in terms of research (i.e., higher g-index). Furthermore, scholars with efficient collaboration networks who maintain a strong co-authorship relationship with one primary co-author within a group of linked co-authors (i.e., co-authors that have joint publications) perform better than those researchers with many relationships to the same group of linked co-authors.     

Exploring individuals’ subjective well-being and loyalty towards social network sites from the perspective of network externalities: The Facebook case

This study aims to investigate users’ subjective well-being and loyalty towards social network sites (SNSs). Despite the growing role of network externalities in SNS continuance decisions, the SNS usage literature has paid scant attention to the relationship between network externalities, SNS identification, and users’ subjective well-being. In this study, we identify four components of network externalities: perceived network size, external prestige, compatibility, and complementarity. In the research model, both network size and external prestige are hypothesized positively to affect SNS identification. Perceived compatibility and perceived complementarity are hypothesized positively to affect user satisfaction. Satisfaction and SNS identification are hypothesized positively to affect user subjective well-being and loyalty towards the SNS. Users’ subjective well-being is hypothesized positively to affect their loyalty towards the SNS. Data collected from 615 valid users of Facebook provide strong support for most of these hypotheses. The findings indicate that perceived network size negatively affects users’ SNS identifications. Other components of network externalities have positive effects on SNS identification and satisfaction, which in turn have positive effects on users’ subjective well-being and loyalty towards SNS. Implications for theory and practice and suggestions for future research are also discussed.     

国内情报服务共词网络的可视化研究

信息可视化可以让我们直观地观察某个主题在一定时间段的研究现状。本文在对2000-2009年情报服务研究论文640个关键词统计分析的基础上,选取33个高频词作为研究主题的可视化对象。利用可视化工具Ucinet和PASW绘制了关键词网络的多维尺度分布图,并从定量的角度判断了情报服务10年来的研究热点和未来的研究趋势。最后本文提出了情报服务研究的4点思考。