有意注意与外语听力训练

分析记忆、注意及学习的相互关系,认为对记忆效果起着关键作用的因素是注意,注意动机能够在很大程度上增进学习与记忆的效率。根据Sternberg关于注意的理论,特别是关于有意注意的三种功能的理论,文章着重讨论如何提高有意注意对外语听力理解的积极作用,提出要加强有意注意对扩大听力词汇的作用、对记忆能力的积极影响、对心理紧张、焦虑等不良因素的消除作用。     

How to Reduce the Negative Effect in Listening Comprehension

Listening os very important for EFL (English as foreign language)students. Many factors involved in EFL listening affect listening comprehension. Anxiety is one of them and has a negative effect on EFL listening comprehension. This paper focuses on the negative effect of ansiety and suggests some availabe methods for teachers to adopt in their EFL listening teaching activities in order to reduce the negative effect of anxiety on listening comprehension.     

The impact of scaffolding and nonscaffolding strategies on the EFL learners' listening comprehension development

Drawing on sociocultural theory, and a large number of empirical studies conducted on the effectiveness of scaffolding on second or foreign language learning, the authors investigated the application of different forms of scaffolding to improve listening comprehension of the Iranian intermediate English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. To this end, 90 intermediate EFL learners were randomly assigned to 2 experimental groups and a control group. During 15 treatment sessions of listening comprehension instruction, expert peers in the first experimental group assisted their less knowledgeable peers in their listening comprehension tasks. The participants in the second experimental group were asked to assist their coequal peers while doing the listening comprehension tasks, but the participants in group 3 did not interact with each other or even their teacher and no scaffolding scheme was used when they were doing the listening comprehension tasks. One-way analysis of variance and post hoc analyses revealed that the expert peers' scaffolding was the most effective procedure for the intermediate EFL learners' listening comprehension development. Furthermore, coequal peers' scaffolding was proved to be the second effective procedure for the listening comprehension improvement. The findings underscore the relative efficacy of different forms of scaffolding procedure and the superiority of the expert peers' scaffolding over coequals' scaffolding. The qualitative analysis of the recorded data indicated that the implicit scaffolding strategies were more frequently used by the expert peers. However, the explicit scaffolding strategies were more frequently used to by the coequals. The findings of the study underscore the positive potentiality of scaffolding in its different forms for the EFL learners' listening comprehension development.     

听力理解及其在英语教学中的地位和作用

听力理解先于说、读和写等其它技能,是学习一门新语言时首先获得的技能;听力理解为未来习得"说"打下了基础;注重听力理解训练、在最初教学阶段适当放松口头产出要求有助于培养学习者的语言能力,其比集中口头练习有更好的产出效果。本文通过援引二语习得方面重大和权威的研究成果,回顾了听力理解和语言学习的密切关系,探讨了听力理解及其在英语教学中的地位和作用,认为"听力优先说"优于传统的"语法翻译法"和"听说法"。     

EFL学习者焦虑与听力理解关系的实证性研究

研究以某外语学院英语专业二年级和四年级学生为受试,考察焦虑与英语听力理解的关系,以及性别和英语水平对焦虑程度的高低和焦虑与英语听力理解的关系的影响。结果显示：（1）性别和英语水平对EFL学习者的听力焦虑没有独立和交互作用。（2）在二年级学生中EFL听力焦虑与语音识别负相关,在四年级学生中无相关。（3）EFL听力焦虑与听细节、听大意、推测和听力总体能力之间有负相关,并且性别和英语水平不会改变这一关系。（4）EFL听力焦虑与听大意、听力总体能力、推测、听细节、语音识别的相关程度依次降低,听力技能难度越高,相关程度越密切,这一结论不受性别和英语水平的影响。     

近二十年国内有意遗忘的研究综述简

通过文献资料对近二十年国内有意遗忘进行了综述.有意遗忘的编码理论、提取抑制理论、区分抑制理论对有意遗忘产生的机制进行解释.在有意遗忘的发展性研究中发现有意遗忘的认知抑制能力是后天发展而来的,并且随着年龄的增大而逐渐发展起来.在影响因素方面发现测验方式、测验难度以及测验的材料等都是影响被试测验成绩的因素.另外,随着有意遗忘研究的深入,有意遗忘研究范式可以作为一种新的研究方法运用到错误记忆、自我参照效应以及情绪等的研究中,研究范式和方法的创新,促进有意遗忘研究领域的不断拓展.     

有意遗忘研究的新视角：认知抑制能力

有意遗忘是人类的一种重要机能,随着认知抑制研究的兴起,对有意遗忘中认知抑制能力研究的也比较多。在提出有意遗忘中认知抑制的编码理论和提取抑制理论的基础上,阐述了认知抑制的发展,即对于儿童和青年个体,有意遗忘的抑制能力随年龄的增长而增加。并指出了该研究的未来发展趋势。     

试析句法变化对英语专业学生听力理解的影响

以英语专业大二学生为研究对象,采用实验方法研究句法的变化(句法简化和句法冗余)对听力理解的影响。通过对实验数据进行相关的统计分析,发现无论是句法简化还是句法冗余都有助于受试的听力理解,而且在推测含义、归纳信息方面,后者更甚于前者。最后,从认知的角度解释了实验结果,并认为句法变化对促进英语专业听力教学具有较大的现实意义。     

Investigating the effects of multimedia input modality on L2 listening skills of Turkish EFL learners

The present study examined whether or not different input delivery modes have an effect on listening comprehension of Turkish students learning English at the university level. It investigated the effect of one single mode, which is audio-only, and three dual input delivery modes, which were audio-video, audio-video with target language subtitles and audio with PowerPoint presentation, on listening comprehension. The data have been gathered through: a listening proficiency exam, a topic familiarity questionnaire, listening comprehension tests, think-aloud protocols and a semi-structured focus group interview. Analysis of data demonstrated that the students’ listening comprehension scores were significantly lower in audio-video with subtitles mode. In addition to this, the students stated that they experienced most confusion and anxiety in understanding through audio-video with subtitles. Moreover, the students mentioned that they were most successful in the audio with PowerPoint presentation mode. Results also indicated that the students were influenced by their pre-university listening class experiences, meaning that they were most accustomed to the audio-only mode, and therefore felt most relaxed when they listened only.     

冗余在英语听力理解中的作用——一项实证研究

以输入假设、冗余信息和听力理解信息处理过程理论为理论框架,以中国EFL学生为研究对象,通过实证研究的方法探讨语言冗余现象在听力理解中的作用。研究结果表明对听力材料进行冗余化处理有助于中国英语专业中级水平学生的听力理解,英语听力教学和教材的选用提供了一定的启示。     

影响大学生英语听力的心理因素与教学对策

听的能力的培养是大学生英语学习的一个重要方面。心理因素在大学生英语听力学习中起着重要的作用，这些心理因素主要有：动机、焦虑、意志、同辈集体的影响等。在听力教学中，教师应当充分考虑这些心理因素对学生产生的影响，并且有针对性地采取一些教学方法，帮助学生达到提高听力的目的。     

Strategy-based Listening Instruction: Possibilities and Impossibilities

Due to the covert nature of the listening process, English listening comprehension has become a demanding challenge for most EFL learners in China. Strategy-based listening instruction, with its more accurate insight into the listening process, could be one of the timely answers to the challenges facing Chinese EFL listeners. Starting with a comprehensive review of theories and studies on strategy-based listening instruction in recent Western academia, the current paper critically examined the possible advantages and the theoretical and practical limitations of strategy-based listening instruction.     

图式理论与EFL听力理解

本运用图式理论对EFL听力理解进行分析，探讨影响听力理解的两个主要因素，并提出教学对策。     

高职院校非英语专业学生听力焦虑成因及应对策略

焦虑作为英语学习中主要的情感因素之一,普遍存在于英语听力学习之中。国内关于焦虑方面的研究起步不久,且大多都集中在口语焦虑和写作焦虑,听力焦虑方面的研究比较少。适度的焦虑促进学生英语学习,过度焦虑则会阻碍学生英语学习。本文主要探讨高职院校非英语专业学生听力焦虑形成的原因。并进一步提出其应对策略,从而达到提高听力学习能力和教学能力的目标。     

四种不同听力辅助方法对学生听力理解的影响

人们普遍认为听力理解牵涉到一个看不见的、复杂的脑力活动过程,听力理解能力在二语习得的过程中具有重要地位。在当今的中国英语教学中,如何提高学生的听力理解能力显得尤为重要。通过观察四种不同听力辅助方法对学生英语听力理解的影响,改善大学英语听力教学水平。     

英语听力学习中的焦虑心理及其对策

听力是英语学习中的一个重要组成部分。英语学习者在听力学习过程中由于各种原因会产生焦虑。只有注重培养和运用相应的听力策略,才能克服英语听力的焦虑感,提高听力理解能力。     

英语听力学习中的焦虑心理及其对策

听力是英语学习中的一个重要组成部分。英语学习者在听力学习过程中由于各种原因会产生焦虑。只有注重培养和运用相应的听力策略,才能克服英语(?)焦虑感,提高听力理解能力。     

大学英语课堂的有效性听力教学——论口译听辨技巧训练的应用

文章明确了口译听辨技巧训练和传统学生听力练习技巧的区别,结合当前听力教学方法的缺陷,论述了公共英语听力课堂引进口译听辨技巧训练方法的必要性和具体手段。通过具体的例证,着重说明了教师应如何引导学生在听力课堂上利用常用口译笔记方．法提高短时记忆能力,以及如何根据语篇的特征提取关键信息的方法来提高学生听力理解水平。     

高职高专学生英语课堂焦虑感与英语A级考试听力成绩的关系

国内很多语言教育专家认焦虑感是影响第二语言习得的一个因素。为了了解和认识我国职业技术学院文科类学生的焦虑感与英语成绩之间的相互关系，笔者对湖北一所职业技术学院人文分院的学生进行了一次调查研究，研究结果表明英语课堂焦虑感与英语应用能力考试听力理解成绩基本负相关。     

Calling Iranian learners of L2 English: effect of gloss type on lexical retention and reading performance under different learning conditions

This study sought to compare how three different gloss types (text–picture, text–audio and text–picture–audio) affected English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. The study also compared how results on comprehension and vocabulary acquisition differed across three learning conditions (i.e., incidental, intentional and explicit instruction). A between‐groups design was employed with four groups (N = 135) of Iranian university learners of L2 English. The participants (with upper‐intermediate proficiency level) read English texts. Written recall and multiple‐choice questions were used to measure reading comprehension; vocabulary knowledge scale (VKS) and contextualized vocabulary knowledge test (CVKT) were used to assess vocabulary acquisition. Results of statistical analyses revealed that while the text–picture–audio gloss type consistently resulted in better vocabulary learning and reading comprehension, the learning conditions varied in terms of their immediate and delayed effect on vocabulary and reading scores. This study suggests that learner performances across gloss types are condition specific and provides both pedagogical and theoretical implications. What is already known about this topic

• Electronic glosses foster reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition.
• There are different positions about the effectiveness of form focused instruction in grammar, with the focus on forms approach having a higher acceptable rate in SLA. But, this issue has been rarely researched in vocabulary acquisition.

What this paper adds

• This study supports the complementary nature of dual annotations in vocabulary learning and reading comprehension.
• This study extends the issue of form focused instruction to vocabulary learning by comparing the incidental, intentional and incidental–intentional learning orientations.
• This study evaluates the interaction between the multiple gloss types and the learning orientations.

Implications for theory, policy or practice

• This study provides both pedagogical and theoretical implications.