Governing a Global Cooperative

ABSTRACT

The governance of the Online Computer Library System (OCLC) is understood best by placing it in the context of the arrangements that are typical for non-profit corporations organized within the United States to meet a public purpose. There are some provisions for OCLC's governance structures that are specific to the laws of Ohio, where OCLC was founded and where its principal offices remain.     

OCLC in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Chronology

ABSTRACT

From one library in 1995 to 884 in 2008, the number of Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) libraries in Latin American and the Caribbean has grown significantly. They are presently active in 27 countries and territories. The following chronology highlights not only the significant achievements since 1997 that OCLC has made in providing products and services to the region but also the contributions the libraries in the region have made to OCLC in providing input and advice to the governance and product development.     

ILLiad,Document Delivery,and the Distance Student: How Document Delivery Can Enhance Support for Distance Library Users

ABSTRACT

Academic libraries serve great numbers of distance learners and must address the unique challenges faced by these students. Technology can bridge the gap in terms of access and use of library resources. Academic librarians working with distance students must examine their student population, determine the needs of their users, and be prepared to adapt technology available to meet those needs. Many academic libraries have adapted Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) ILLiad to allow better support of distance learners. Library models that have used OCLC ILLiad or similar software for distance services are discussed and can be used as a model for change in library distance services programs.     

The OCLC Network of Regional Service Providers: The Last 10 Years

Developed in the early 1970s, the alliance between the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) and its regional service providers is a strategic partnership that has survived for over 30 years. Originally created by OCLC to help it efficiently reach out to libraries in other states beyond its initial Ohio focus, this alliance is now starting to transform into a new structure. This new structure as well as other changes in the relationship between OCLC and its partners will have an impact upon all of the organizations involved.     

The OCLC online union catalog: An incomparable library resource

Furthering access to the world's information and reducing information costs are the major goals of Online Computer Library Center, (OCLC) a nonprofit library computer service and research organization based in Dublin, Ohio. OCLC pioneered the computer revolution in libraries in 1971 when it introduced a computer system that enabled libraries to catalog books and order custom-printed catalog cards rapidly and efficiently. Today, OCLC provides a spectrum of services for libraries and their users. OCLC systems in cataloging, interlibrary loan, document delivery, reference, and electronic publishing provide an integrated approach to navigating the sea of knowledge for libraries and their users.     

Evolving an Integrated Electronic Journals Solution

Summary

This paper describes die OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc.s electronic publishing program between its introduction in 1992 through the late summer of 1997, focusing on OCLC's ongoing efforts to integrate electronic journals with library acquisition, cataloging, archiving, and online reference systems. The paper begins by describing the OCLC Electronic Journals Online (EJO) service, emphasizing how that service evolved to meet the changing needs of institutional subscribers to electronic journals between 1992 and 1995. It then describes the Electronic Collections Online service, a Web-bascd service introduced in June of 1997 that provides access to, and archiving for, hundreds of journals from many publishers.     

History and Activity of OCLC in Canada

ABSTRACT

Canada has always been an important and natural trading partner for the United States, and this was reflected within the library field when a Canadian library, the Alberta Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Commission (AADAC) became an Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) member in 1979. This was OCLC's first member library outside the United States.     

The OhioLINK OCLC Collection Analysis Project: A Preliminary Report

The article will describe the plans and work to date on the OCLC Research Office and OhioLINK's joint project to analyze use data from Ohio college and university libraries. The project will create a repository of data about the circulation of monographs that can be correlated against such data points as subject, age of material, location and publisher. One of the goals of the study is to investigate whether there has been a shift in the general patterns of use of library collections in a situation where libraries have instituted patron-initiated borrowing from one another. The project is similar to a study that the OCLC Research Office did with the University of Colorado, Boulder, but on a larger scale and with the addition of information about monographs that do not circulate. An article about that study appeared in the January 2006 issue of College and Research Libraries.     

OCLC成功的三大要素

协作精神、会员制度和非营利性质为OCLC诞生、发展和成功的三件主要法宝。OCLC靠着协作精神,与世界各国图书馆一道建造出一个以《世界书目》为中心的“全球村图书馆”,一个不受地域、空间和时间限制的图书馆。OCLC不以营利为自身存在和经营之目的,自始至终以“扩充获取世界信息的途经,降低获取信息的费用”为自己的使命,使会员图书馆和用户从协作中获得最大的益处。OCLC将自己的一切经营策略、公司政策和发展方向置于全体会员的监管之下,从而从根本上改变了OCLC和用户图书馆的关系。图书馆为成为OCLC这个最大的图书馆网络的会员而骄傲,同时OCLC也属于每个为之骄傲的会员馆。     

Biographical Sketch of Frederick G. Kilgour Librarian,Educator, Entrepreneur, 1914–2006

The article traces the career of Frederick G. Kilgour (1914–2006), who is widely recognized as one of the leading figures in 20^th-century librarianship. He founded the Ohio College Library Center (OCLC) and from 1967 to 1981 was its first president and chief executive officer, presiding over OCLC's rapid growth from an intrastate network to an international network. In 1971, under Kilgour's leadership, OCLC introduced an online shared cataloging system and an online union catalog (WorldCat) that is today the world's foremost bibliographic database. In 1978, he created the OCLC Office of Research, and in 1979, under his direction, OCLC launched its online interlibrary loan system. The author of 205 scholarly papers, Kilgour received numerous awards and honors over the course a career that took him from Harvard University Library, to the Office of Strategic Services in World War II, to Yale Medical Library, to OCLC, and finally, to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he spent his final years on the faculty of the School of Information and Library Science as a Distinguished Research Professor.     

The Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC Early Career Development Fellowship Program: A Long Name for an Important Project

ABSTRACT

The Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC Early Career Development Fellowship Program, jointly sponsored by the American Theological Library Association, the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) and OCLC, provides early career development and continuing education for library and information science professionals from countries with developing economies. The program's history, selection process, and curriculum are described in detail. Fellows comment on their experiences, new perspectives, lessons learned, and benefits gained from participation in the Fellowship program.     

The DDC and OCLC

ABSTRACT

This article highlights key events in the relationship between OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. and the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system. The formal relationship started with OCLC's acquisition of Forest Press and the rights to the DDC from the Lake Placid Education Foundation in 1988, but OCLC's research interests in the DDC predated that acquisition and have remained strong during the relationship. Under OCLC's leadership, the DDC's value proposition has been enhanced by the continuous updating of the system itself, development of interoperable translations, mappings to other schemes, and new forms of representation of the underlying data. The amount of categorized content associated with the system in WorldCat and elsewhere has grown, as has worldwide use of the system. Emerging technologies are creating new opportunities for publishing, linking, and sharing DDC data.     

为生存而战：美国公共图书馆面向图书馆经费投票的营销活动

在美国,地方的图书馆预算投票是美国公共图书馆继续生存的关键。文章以图书馆面向这些投票的营销举措为线索,介绍了美国公共图书馆在经费投票中的处境和举措,尤其是OCLC的Geek the Library项目以及Every Library项目在更大的图书馆社区中的努力。     

WorldCat Local and Information Literacy Instruction: An Exploration of Emerging Teaching Practice

Since the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) unveiled its WorldCat Local library catalog discovery layer in 2008, library instructors have debated how to incorporate this tool into their teaching. WorldCat Local's faceted searching brings both educational benefits and unexpected challenges to the classroom. Instructors frequently hold formal and informal discussions on such topics as which search features are most effective during teaching and which patron groups benefit most from this tool. The authors of this article surveyed instruction librarians at U.S. academic libraries that are using WorldCat Local in order to gather and organize this feedback. This article presents the findings of this survey.     

RLG and PCC: An Interview with Karen Smith-Yoshimura*

Abstract

It is important to remember that there were two bibliographic networks, OCLC and the Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN), which together with the Library of Congress enabled the sharing of bibliographic and authority records amongst PCC members. Karen Smith-Yoshimura was active in the early years of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) representing RLIN. In this interview with Smith-Yoshimura in the summer of 2019, Joan Schuitema poses five questions which provide an opportunity for Smith-Yoshimura to share her memories about her participation in PCC prior to RLG’s merger with OCLC.     

An Automated Invoicing System for Online Interlibrary Loan Requests

ABSTRACT

As libraries come to rely more and more on interlibrary loan to meet the needs of their patrons in a climate of shrinking materials budgets, the accompanying bookkeeping may swamp an already overburdened staff. Complicating the issue is the fact that some institutions require that invoices cite each article and identify the patron for whom it was provided. To address this issue, the Library at the Louisiana State University Medical Center in Shreveport developed a microcomputer-based system to generate the track invoices for journal article photocopies. The system, written in CLIPPER and Qbasic, captures complete citation and patron data from DOCLINE and OCLC without the need for keyboarding by the operator.     

国内外大型图书馆联盟建设比较研究——以中国国家图书馆与OCLC为例

文章以中国国家图书馆与OCLC为例,对比两者在联盟化建设中管理模式和合作体系构成等几方面的差异,分析其原因、优劣及对国内图书馆联盟建设的启示,提出了国内大型图书馆联盟应在吸收国外先进经验、同时关注自身特点的前提下向统一管理、积极开拓大范围合作圈发展的观点。     

An Environmental Scan of OCLC Alternatives: A Management Perspective

OCLC’s WorldCat now holds more than 320 million bibliographic records with some 2-plus billion holdings linked to the bibliographic records. The vast majority of the world’s libraries, archives, and museums rely on OCLC as the primary source for bibliographic records. Compared to all other options, OCLC is clearly the very large elephant in the room. OCLC provides a broad range of services, including WorldShare Metadata Services (cataloging); WorldShare Interlibrary Loan (sharing resources); WorldShare Management Services (cloud-based integrated library system); WorldCat Discovery Services; and CONTENTdm? (management of digital collections). This article explores the available options for obtaining cataloging records from alternative sources by considering four factors: breadth, quality, ease of use, and costs of use of the bibliographic database.     

The Distance Learning Project

Abstract

The Distance Learning Project (DISLEAP) was designed to give the OCLC Office of Research a fundamental understanding of the technologies underlying current distance learning capabilities. In particular, Internet and World Wide Web-based systems were studied. A primary goal of the study was to determine what the short- and long-term impacts of distance learning might be on libraries and what role OCLC might play in supporting libraries in their involvement with distance learning. In conjunction with this study, we undertook a parallel technology assessment to support the Regional OCLC Network Director's Advisory Committee (RONDAC) Distance Learning Task Force. The latter led to the demonstration of interactive, Internet-based conferencing capabilities to the OCLC Users Council in February 1998. We then purchased and deployed White Pine Software's MeetingPoint Conferencing Server and Microsoft's NetMeeting conferencing client. This report gives the details of the results of the assessments of distance learning technologies.     

To Boldly Go Where Few Have Gone Before: Global E-Resource Management in the Cloud

This session focused on migrating from a traditional electronic resource management system to OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc.’s cloud-based WorldShare Management System, where e-resource data is created and maintained in a global environment. The session highlighted how implementing a unified, global system allowed the University of Nebraska Omaha Library to streamline e-resource management.