"强势英语"的多元化变体现象分析

语言变化的三要素——继承、创新和隔离——必然导致语言在扩散中产生新的本土化产物。英语在扩散中形成了多种重要变体,这些变体在语音、词汇、语法方面各有其独特的语言特征。要真正地掌握英语这一语言,就要在掌握通用的英语语言特征基础上了解不同国家的英语语言的区别,客观认识它的多元化变体现象。     

英国英语和美国英语的合－－离－－合现象及原因分析

英语是一种国际性语言，由于使用英语的人数多、范围广，于是就产生了语音、词汇和语法方面的变异，形成了同一种语言的不同变体：英国英语和美国英语。本重点讨论了英国英语的发展阶段及美国英语的起源，同时分析了两种变体由合而离、由离而合的现象及原因。     

东盟英语语音变体与英语专业听力教学

英语区域性变体是英语语言在全世界广泛使用并与地域语言文化互为影响的必然结果。近年来,东盟国家的英语变体研究成为国内外语言学者关注的热点。文章从英语教学的角度探讨如何在专业高年级听力教学中增强东盟英语国别变体学习的意识,提高听力理解能力和口头交际能力。     

全球化背景下的跨文化交际

英语是不同语言文化下人们进行沟通交际的工具,但在实际交流中,又由于各自文化特点,交际不畅使其常常会出现的现象,因此,在跨文化交际中应使用各种英语变体。本文主要论证了全球化背景下的跨文化交际应该提倡英语变体,而不能为标准英语所束缚。     

中国英语语言特征及其对英语教学的影响

中国英语是一种规范的英语变体。它因受到汉语思维方式及中国社会文化的影响而带有中国特点,在语音、词汇、句法及语篇层面均表现出其独有的特征。中国英语如果运用得当,在表达中国特有事物中有其独特的作用。我们要将中国英语这一变体理论与语言特征谙熟于心,用以指导英语教学,同时要鼓励学生大胆使用属于中国英语的语言现象,并纠正不规范的使用英语的情况。     

论中国英语与中国式英语的区别

根据中国当前英语使用及学习的现状，本文探讨了中国英语与中国式英语的差异。中国英语是作为外语的使用型英语变体，是对外交流中不可或缺的中性信息媒介；中国式英语是英语学习者在未掌握规范英语前所使用的一种过渡语言体系，是第二语言习得的过程中必经的一种心理和语言现象。     

中国英语变体的客观存在性对中国英语教学的启示

英语在全世界范围内传播导致了英语各种变体的出现.中国英语是众多英语变体的一种,属于使用型变体.中国英语变体是具有中国特色的英语现象,是客观存在的.认识和研究中国英语变体有利于提高我们的英语学习,并能促进中国的英语教学.     

语言属性与汉英语码转换

语言是一种具有社会规约性的符号系统.语码转换是指在一语篇中,从一种语言或者变体转到另一种语言或者变体的语言现象.本文作者结合汉英语码转换的实例.分析部分语言属性在汉英语码转换这一语言现象中的反映和体现,进而说明汉英语码转换的存在是和其所具有的一些语言属性密切相关的.     

中国式英语的模因分析

中国式英语是中国学习者在学习和使用英语时因受汉语言和文化的影响而产生的语言变体。基于语言模因理论并从模因论的角度,探索中国式英语的本质和成因。研究目的在于从全新的角度更加科学地对待中国式英语现象,也为二语习得提供新思路。     

中国式英语的模因分析

中国式英语是中国学习者在学习和使用英语时因受汉语言和文化的影响而产生的语言变体。基于语言模因理论并从模因论的角度,探索中国式英语的本质和成因。研究目的在于从全新的角度更加科学地对待中国式英语现象,也为二语习得提供新思路。     

The suitability of the EPQ‐R Short Scale for counselling Brunei student teachers when administered in English and Malay languages

The study investigated the psychometric properties of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised (EPQ‐R) Short Scale administered to two groups of Brunei trainee teachers of both genders taking psychology courses in English (117 students) and Malay (106 students). The extraversion scale had the most problematic items. Both administrations produced means and standard deviations comparable to the norms in the technical manual. All the scales, except P (psychoticism), had satisfactory levels of alpha reliability and validity (discriminant and construct) on both versions. In addition factor analysis correctly assigned some of the items to their respective scales on both versions. No statistically significant gender difference in performance on both scales was obtained. Findings suggest that the instrument was suitable for use with Brunei student teachers with tertiary‐level education when technical terms were clarified and reasonable administration time was given.     

文莱大学办学特点研究——基于文莱高等教育发展的视角

文莱大学作为文莱高等教育系统的领头羊,引领文莱高等教育的发展.因受其本国历史、经济、宗教文化影响深刻,呈现出异于它国大学的办学特点.在文莱高等教育发展历史的大背景下,通过对文莱大学办学特点的反思与理性认识,挖掘其可资借鉴的办学经验,为我国高等教育改革和发展提供参考和借鉴效用.     

Accomplishing lessons in postcolonial classrooms: comparative perspectives from Botswana and Brunei Darussalam

Drawing on observations and audio‐recordings of classroom language use in two postcolonial societies, the Republic of Botswana in Africa and the Sultanate of Brunei Darussalam in south‐east Asia, this study seeks to explore how teachers and pupils face the challenge of accomplishing teaching and learning using a language which is not their own. In both Botswana and Brunei Darussalam, English is the official language of instruction for some subjects from mid‐primary school level. Unlike many comparative studies which concentrate on the macro or national level, the focus of this study is the micro‐level of classroom interaction. The study shows that there are both similarities and differences across the two contexts in the ways teachers and pupils engage with language(s) through a range of monolingual and bilingual strategies. In comparing the discourses of primary‐level classrooms in Botswana and Brunei Darussalam, the study demonstrates the tensions in the language policies and practices in the two postcolonial countries. The pressure of globalisation has resulted in the privileging of imported over indigenous languages and the study shows the pragmatic responses of the classroom participants in the two contexts.     

When a Bilingual Child Describes Living Things: An Analysis of Conceptual Understandings from a Language Perspective

With increasing numbers of students learning science through a second language in many school contexts, there is a need for research to focus on the impact language has on students’ understanding of science concepts. Like other countries, Brunei has adopted a bilingual system of education that incorporates two languages in imparting its curriculum. For the first three years of school, Brunei children are taught in Malay and then for the remainder of their education, instruction is in English. This research is concerned with the influence that this bilingual education system has on children’s learning of science. The purpose was to document the patterns of Brunei students’ developing understandings of the concepts of living and non-living things and examine the impact in the change in language as the medium of instruction. A cross-sectional case study design was used in one primary school. Data collection included an interview (n = 75), which consisted of forced-response and semi-structured interview questions, a categorisation task and classroom observation. Data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results indicate that the transition from Malay to English as the language of instruction from Primary 4 onwards restricted the students’ ability to express their understandings about living things, to discuss related scientific concepts and to interpret and analyse scientific questions. From a social constructivist perspective these language factors will potentially impact on the students’ cognitive development by limiting the expected growth of the students’ understandings of the concepts of living and non-living things. A paper accepted by Research in Science Education, August, 2006.     

The Role of the TP TESL Supervisor

The paper examines the changing role of the supervisor of Teaching Practice (TP) in the field of primary school Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL). The thesis of the paper is that as the second language teaching/learning paradigm has changed enormously in recent years, the supervisor's role must likewise change to ensure harmony between the new approach to second language teaching/learning, and the model of supervision that is adopted. The writer's observations are based on data collected over six years in Brunei, but the problem of resolving disharmony between two conflicting positions is not unique to Brunei, as the writer discovered in similar situations in Africa and the Middle East. The writer argues in favour of a 'Developmental' model of TP supervision as it approximates most closely to the developmental approach to second language learning implicit in the task-based approach, which has been widely accepted as the new norm in TESL methodology.     

话语标记语在大学生英语写作中的语用功能

基于话语标记语的连贯理论和话语标记语在语用功能下的分类,以英语专业二年级本科生的作文作为研究目标,归纳英语专业本科学生的作文中出现频率较高的话语标记语,并分析其在篇章中的语用功能。     

英语口语网络课程基于Flash技术播放器的设计与实现

作为一种新的教学方式,网络英语教学突破了传统教学的时空限制,实现了优秀资源共享,为更多的学习者提供了接受优质英语教育的机会。英语口语作为网络英语教学的重要组成部分,因其自身特点,对网络课程开发者提出了新的挑战。依据Flash技术的优点和英语口语的特点,主要从界面设计、功能实现、字幕设计等几个方面,详细阐述了英语口语网络课程播放器的设计与开发过程。     

Close encounters of a bilingual kind: interactional practices in the primary classroom in Brunei

Little is known about the effectiveness of the interactional systems through which meaning is constructed in classrooms in multilingual contexts. Although language can be `planned', the actual discourse of the classroom is `unplanned'. It is well-attested that the discourse of the upper primary classroom in Brunei includes the use of Malay alongside the official language of the classroom, English. This paper argues that as talk is potentially the most valuable resource in the classroom, educational planning should take into account the existing communicative practices in the classroom.     

Cultural communication learning environment in science classes

Classroom communication often involves interactions between students and teachers from dissimilar cultures, which influence classroom learning because of their dissimilar communication styles influenced by their cultures. It is therefore important to study the influence of culture on classroom communication that influences the classroom verbal and nonverbal interactions. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new instrument to assess eight scales of students?? classroom communication learning environment: Body Language, Communication Rate, Communication Loudness, Eye Contact, English Usage, Verbal Support, Intra-gender Communication and Inter-gender Communication. The instrument was administered to 1,723 upper-secondary biology students in Brunei government schools. The alpha reliability (0.58?C0.91) and discrimination validity (0.08?C0.13) coefficients for these scales were within acceptable ranges. Statistically significant ??² coefficients suggested that the instrument was able to differentiate between participating biology classes. Students perceived a low level verbal support and sometimes higher teacher communication rate in their classes. Dialects other than English, which is the medium of instruction, have been used in biology classes to some extent. There is a strong tendency for intra-gender than inter-gender communications in classes, which could limit the effectiveness of teaching and learning in constructivist classes     

Changing the English language curriculum in Brunei Darussalam

This paper describes the development of a language project in Brunei Darussalam, a project aimed at improving English language learning and fostering positive reading interests. In-service teachers were trained to change from traditional textbook-based techniques to an activity-based approach integrating the practice of aural-oral and writing skills. The major components of project implementation will be discussed to demonstrate the optimization of available resources, particularly available expertise in teacher skill and language competence. This project provides an interesting example of an attempt to satisfy the practical demands of policy-makers while adhering to research standards of evaluation studies.