Private higher education in Australia

In the post World War Two era and prior to the mid 1980s Australia has been characterised by exclusive public provision, financing and regulation of higher education. The 1980s, however, have been marked by considerable turmoil which culminated in the 1988 White Paper. Circumstances provided by the reform of the higher education system, the booming overseas student market and unmet domestic demand have provided a window of opportunity for private providers. This paper charts the growth of private provision, federal and state government responses and the pressures for subsidy and regulation. The paper concludes that the policies of both levels of government are hastening the development of what Geiger (1988) defines as a peripheral private sector of higher education in Australia.     

From school to higher education in Australia

This paper addresses the question of why young people go on from school to higher education in Australia. A person-situation interactionist theory to explain decisions taken in the matter is developed, and in the light of this theory a model to predict entry to higher education is advanced. The model is tested using data from separate studies in two Australian States, Victoria and Queensland. Results of bivariate and logistic regression analyses are generally consistent with expectations from the model. Certain interactive effects of variables in the model upon entry to higher education are reported.     

Disability in higher education: a position paper

Leadership in education, particularly special education, implies both knowledge and application of professional behaviors, decisions, and ethics within the field. University students look for best practices in education to be modeled by faculty; this, in turn, underscores a fundamental belief in inclusionary principles. Such modeling is important on every level in teacher education programs, particularly special education programs. The higher a student's level (i.e., undergraduate vs. doctoral), the more notice that student will take of disparities between rhetoric and actions. While reflective practices are explicitly taught in teacher preparation programs to enable professionals to reflect on their own personal and professional practices, teacher education faculty need to employ the same strategy to ensure that they are indeed modeling the practices they teach. This position paper documents the impressions of a doctoral cohort in special education in terms of inclusionary practices demonstrated in a real-life context.     

浅析《澳大利亚高等教育残疾支持计划》

1990年,澳大利亚联邦政府把残疾人视为高等教育中的弱势群体,自此澳大利亚联邦政府开始制定政策来保障残疾人的高等教育入学机会。《澳大利亚残疾人支持计划》的目的就是保障该类群体的入学机会。本文通过分析的政策文本,政策实施,政策理念和特点来分析《高等教育残疾人》政策。     

高等教育前沿问题刍议

高教前沿问题是指能够对高教理论与实践产生重大影响的问题,它是高教研究的核心问题。高教前沿问题自身具有当前性、先进性、复合性与创造性的特征,这是人们判断前沿问题与否的四个因素。本文在高教前沿问题的概念、特征解读的基础上,提出判定高等教育前沿问题的方法与途径。     

The impact of higher education on adult students in Australia

This article is part of a study of the impact of higher education on aspects of the employment of a national sample of adult students (25 and over) who enrolled in higher education in Australia in 1978. The study shows that from the point of view of employment these adult students drew much benefit from their higher education. Females tended to benefit more than males. A further article in a later issue will consider for the same group the impact of higher education on the person.     

Social and economic influences on graduation rates from higher education in Australia

This paper presents an examination of national survey data on the graduation rates of young people who enter higher education in Australia. Two cohorts of young people were surveyed – those born in 1961 and those born in 1965. Of interest is the influence of gender and of selected social and economic background characteristics on graduation rates. The results for both cohorts provide further evidence of the gains made by young females during the 1980s in terms of educational participation and attainment. The results for the first cohort show also there were some signs of lower graduation rates being associated with socioeconomic disadvantage, at least as indicated by parent'`s occupational status and family wealth. For the second cohort, however, there was little evidence of any effect in the same direction. This suggests that attempts to deal with equity which have focussed on performance within higher education have either been quite effective or might be better directed towards the selection processes which lead to higher education.     

论马相伯在中国近代高等教育史上的地位

活跃于宗教、政治、教育三重领域的马相伯,是中国近代三所大学(震旦学院、复旦大学和辅仁大学)的创始人和发起者。他对中国近代高等教育改革的长期探索,以及由此而深入思考的近代大学理想、教育的世界性与民族性等问题,均对当代中国高等教育改革具有一定的借鉴价值。     

Pathway from vocational education and associate degree to higher education: Chinese international students in Australia

Understanding factors influencing international students' decision to engage in international education is essential for education providers to better cater for students' educational expectations and enhance their attractiveness to international students. Whilst there has been extensive research on the reasons why international students undertake cross-border higher education, international students' motivations for enrolling in vocational education and associate degree programmes are still under-researched. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 30 international students from China, this research found that pathway to higher education appears to be the most important factor motivating international students to undertake vocational education and associate degree programmes. In addition, prospect of immigration, English language proficiency, previous academic performance, agent's recommendations and relatives' and friends' advice are amongst the important factors that students take into account in their decision to choose vocational education and associate degree programmes. This research also examines why Chinese international students have chosen vocational education programmes in a dual-sector university over vocational education colleges. It found that the flexibility to articulate to higher education, international reputation of the programme, practical training and favourable location are key issues that these students draw on when making their decision to study in a dual-sector university.     

浅谈高职院校心理健康教育阵地的拓展

目前,高职院校学生的心理健康健康状况不容乐观,相对应的心理健康教育体系又不十分完善,因此,我们要拓展心理健康教育阵地,争取全员参与,把心理健康教育渗透到教育的全过程中,以期促进高职生心理的健康发展。     

Visually handicapped students in higher education: the position in eastern Europe

ABSTRACT

This article is based on findings made by members of the Student Support Service of the Royal National Institute for the Blind during study visits to Hungary, Poland and Czecho‐Slovakia in June and September 1991 and during attendance at a conference in Prague in November 1991. All these visits were funded by the EC under the Tempus scheme ‐ Trans European Mobility Programme for University Students. The present position of students who have a significant visual disability was assessed against a background of the services available to such students in Britain and Ireland. Information was sought on students’ studies, the support services available from universities, local societies for the blind and other sources. Interviews showed that a significant number of visually handicapped students were studying in higher education, aided generally by supportive friends and staff. However, a considerable lack of specialist material and equipment was revealed and, in certain cases also, a lack of awareness of special needs. There appeared to be little knowledge of the numbers of students with high partial sight, or of their particular requirements. Recommendations for change are made and discussed in relation to personal, financial, vocational and technical requirements, in the short‐, medium‐ and long‐term, bearing in mind economic constraints within the countries concerned.     

Recognition and accreditation of higher engineering education in Europe: a position paper

This is a 'position paper' elaborated by Working Group 2 (wg2) 'Quality and Recognition in Engineering Education' of the EU-supported Thematic Network 'Higher Engineering Education for Europe' (H3E), operative from January 1997 to July 1999. G. Heitmann was the Rapporteur, and G. Augusti the Chairman of wg2. Before approval at the H3E final Congress in Budapest (July 1999), the paper had been discussed at several wg2 and public meetings.     

高校图书馆在创新教育中的地位及服务措施

高校图书馆在创新教育中有十分重要的地位，应积极为创新教育服务，应从营造创新氛围，加强导读，开展创新教育讲座，提供高效率高质量的信息服务等方面入手。     

澳大利亚TAFE教育对我国高职教育实施职业资格证书制度的启示

澳大利亚TAFE教育的成功实践,给我国高职教育的改革提供了一定的启示:要充分认识高职教育实施国家职业资格证书制度的必要性,建立与高职教育实施国家职业资格证书制度相适应的灵活多样的教育和培训方式;注重教学管理,构建新的教育质量管理平台;同时要加强行业和企业在高职教育办学中的作用,致力于双师型队伍的建设。     

Educational funding and management under constraint with special reference to higher education in Australia

This paper shows how education is in competition with other areas of government spending, inside and outside the social welfare expenditure area, for funding, and shows how its advocates must increasingly legitimise their claims. The paper argues, by particular reference to the case of higher education in Australia, that education decision-makers argue and legitimise their claims on an external and internal dimension: the external, to get as much funding to the programs as possible, the internal, to ensure that the output of the programs is as mutually compatible as possible between the desires of those producing them and those funding them.     

Strengthening the central position of undergraduate course teaching in local higher education institutions

Based on the achievements from the educational and teaching reforms conducted in Yanshan University in recent years, and considering the problems arisen from the University＇s development, this paper attempts to explore and illustrate the significance of conducting the teaching-oriented study and discussions, most importantly it provides some reflections on the basic issues in subject construction. Finally, this paper firmly holds the view that strengthening the central position of teaching is of strategic importance to local universities and colleges, therefore, only through placing teaching on the center stage of leaders of various levels and center of all the university＇s activities, at the same time carrying out the guideline for intensifying the principal status of undergraduate education, can Yanshan University rank in well-known high level university in China.     

我国近代高等教育学制与高等教育现代化

中国近代学制的建立与发展极大地推动了高等教育的现代化进程,并在此期间受到了许多西方包括日本等国影响,但学术界对其发展过程是依附还是借鉴分别持不同观点。通过分析中国近代高等教育学制的嬗变来反思中国高等教育的现代化进程,势必对高等教育未来的发展有所帮助。     

论我国高等院校的行政主体地位

随着我国高等教育事业的飞速发展和法治进程的推进,我国高等院校在法律上的性质与定位已不能涵盖其在当前的独特作用和行为性质。逐渐上升的高校教育管理法律纠纷得不到及时、有效的解决,根本问题在于高校的法律性质与地位模糊不清。明晰高校的行政主体地位,明确界定高校的职能划分,促使其职能行使程序化,是适应我国教育体制改革,实现教育管理法治化,促进高等教育事业健康发展的根本途径。