“概念的双重作用”与逻辑理论的证成——对冯契理论的一点引申与应用

冯契认为,一切概念都有摹写现实与规范现实的双重作用,逻辑原则也体现着后验性与先验性的统一.在逻辑理论的证成问题上,"概念的双重作用"要求逻辑理论的建构必须坚持后验性与先验性的统一.有见于现代逻辑论证理论的普遍主义、先验主义倾向,非形式逻辑试图从后验性与先验性、普遍性与情境性的统一中去证成自身.     

观众:作为电影叙事体中的不同角色

电影作为一种具有诱导性与强制性的叙事本,实质上左右了观众对影片意义的理解方式,同时为影片的全部意义提供一个潜在的认知结构。在这个结构中,对观众接受、体验方式的角色定位是电影制作极为重要的环节。电影观众便成为一个由电影的制作、观看与观看情境共同建构的电影叙事体系中的角色,一个我们可以潜入其中“窥视”影片内容的“假想替身”。不论是作为“窥视”、“先知”还是“认同”,观众都已经成为电影叙事本中的一部分,观众都被建构为叙事的主体并与影片的作共同“生产”影片的意义。     

陈毅元帅战争诗词简论

陈毅元帅的战争诗词是20世纪生动形象的革命战争史，又是壮美深沉的民族精英心灵史：在审美上既重风骨，又富意境；在形式上古近体并重，且创作颇丰。陈毅其人品性高洁，风骨凛然，其诗亦然，是20世纪传统诗词当之无愧的大家。     

试述后现代精神观照下师生关系的重新审视

后现代主要并非指的是一种时态,而是一种思想态度和意识,以及一种崭新的思考问题的方法。师生关系是一种特殊的社会关系,是教育的全部蕴念所在。根据后现代基本精神,本文力图重新审视教育过程中目前已被广泛认可的师生关系,从一种全面的、多元化、多层次的视角反思传统的师生关系,从而对师生关系问题形成新的有益的认识,即师生关系应从二元对立的主客关系转变为相互作用的共生关系,由单向的知识传授关系转变为双向的平等对话关系,从理性保障的师生关系转变为情感保障的师生关系。     

Crisis intervention teams in the schools

When a crisis occurs in the school setting, school officials must be prepared to handle the situation effectively and efficiently. One of the ways school officials can handle a crisis situation is through the use of crisis intervention teams. The steps in establishing a crisis intervention team in a school setting include: determining goals, performing a needs assessment, finding model programs, developing a membership pool, developing a training program, preparing and maintaining a list of resources and plans for support services, establishing a communication network, designating a base of operations, planning team meetings, keeping records, and implementing the phases of debriefing. A crisis management scenario is presented and discussed in terms of the steps.     

暨华中学办学理念的提炼与实践研究报告

所谓办学理念,是指人们对办学的基本信念,指人们对自己学校的定性、定位及职能的认识.办学理念对办好一所学校至关重要,"开发潜能,发展个性"乃是暨华中学的办学理念.对校外,它是一面彰显办学特色的旗帜;对校内,它是一个统一思想、引领行动的纲领.文章拟就办学理念作初步的探讨,并在此基础上,结合暨华中学办学实践,针对办学实践中的问题,交流一点办学理念的探索体会.     

单参数平均、对数平均和指数平均之间的一个精确的双向不等式(英文)

利用初等微分学比较了单参数平均与对数和指数平均的几何组合,发现了使得双向不等式Jp（a,b）1/2-3)/2]和所有a,b>0且a≠b成立的p的最大值和q的最小值,其中Jp（a,b）,L（a,b）和I（a,b）分别表示a与b的p-次单参数平均、对数平均和指数平均.     

才、胆、识、力铸鸿篇--韩延明教授《大学理念论纲》评析

韩延明教授的新著《大学理念论纲》,以开阔的视野、拓宽的思路、严谨的体系结构、科学的研究方法和流畅的表达方式。明晰、整合了大学理念的内涵、流变与趋向,提出了现代大学所应秉持的理想追求和教育理念,构建起富有科学性、系统性、逻辑性的“大学理念”理论体系。是作者才、胆、识、力诸美兼具的学术精品,是一部关于大学理念研究的开拓性、创新性、前瞻性学术力作。     

BEING A LEARNER: A VIRTUE FOR THE 21ST CENTURY

ABSTRACT:  Lifelong learning is something which one does for oneself that no one else can do for one: it is a public and personal human activity, rather than private or individualistic. One of the features of the education system is the paucity of a language for learning as process and participative experience. Personalised learning requires a sense of the worthwhileness of 'being a learner'– a virtue in the 21st century. A sense of one's own worth as a person is essential to understanding one's identity as a learner. Research suggests the human capacity to learn can be understood as a form of consciousness which is characterised by particular values, attitudes and dispositions, with a lateral and a temporal connectivity. This 'consciousness' has several dimensions which are all related to becoming a person, with a learning identity. They also enable the learner to become aware of and appropriate what is of worth and map onto the sorts of core values that learning communities espouse. Awareness of self and of one's own worth as a person is a necessary condition for 'becoming a learner' and for identifying and engaging with 'what is of worth'. Furthermore, a sense of self as a learner is formed in relationship, and understood as one learns to tell one's own story, as a participant in the conversation of the learning community. Character is the way in which we refer to that quality of personhood in which there is rooted the capacity to change and learn over time.     

学校发展视阈中的校长素养提升之路

校长素养的构成,决定于学校发展。学校的内涵发展呼唤校长追求教育家的境界,而外在发展要求校长认同经营家的角色。中学校长素养是教育家素养与经营家素养的整合。守望教育理想、提升实践创新能力、陶冶人格操守是校长的教育家素养提升之路,而知人善任、多谋善断、协调公关三方面能力的养成则是校长经营家素养提升的着力点。     

论《文选》"对问"体 --兼论先秦问对体式的发展历程

《文选》选文,有“对问”一类。问对作为人际语言交际的基本形式,由来已久;卜辞是人神问对,旨是决疑;《尚书》是君臣问对,旨在择贤;《论语》是师徒问对,旨在问道;《孟子》是君士问对,旨在问难;《庄子》是人物、物物问对,旨在说理。对问体在以专论为特色的第三阶段诸子散文消失,转移到以《战国策》为代表的史传散文中,《战国策》也是君士问对,旨在问计。对问作为文体是作为手法的问对句型发展而来,其基本特征是设词见志,抒发郁陶之情。宋玉《对楚王问》作为对问体的唯一代表,从问对内容上确立了文体范式,是北方文化与楚文化的结晶,成为骈赋尤其是设论体的直接渊薮。     

论明清历史小说的叙事视角

历史小说采取的是编辑型全知视角。其叙述者是文人式叙述者、说书式叙述者、史官式叙述者的融合,具有文人的趣味、民间的色彩、史传的风格。其叙述声音属于公开的叙述声音,主要是说书式叙述者与史官式叙述者的声音,前者能建构一种虚拟情境,后者表达某种史识,达到劝善惩恶的目的。其叙事焦点的转换比其它类型的小说要快得多,以多条线索连贯起所叙的历史全景图。     

广西仡佬语濒危成因分析

语言是文化的组成部分,一种语言代表了一种文化,同时语言也是思维的工具,它帮助人们认识丰富多彩的世界。因此,学习一种语言就是学习一种文化;保存一种语言就是保存一种文化。相反,失去了一种语言不仅意味着失去了一种文化,失去了一种思维方式,失去了一份宝贵的历史文化遗产,而且意味着我们人类失去了一种可供比较、借鉴的文化和信息来源。对广西仡佬语濒危成因进行分析,不仅能起到加强对仡佬语的保护作用,而且能使仡佬语所蕴含的文化得到保护和传承。     

The impact of curriculum change on health sciences first year students’ approaches to learning

This study aimed to use a learning inventory (the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students, ASSIST) to measure the impact of a curriculum change on students’ approaches to learning in two large courses in a health sciences first year programme. The two new Human Body Systems (HUBS) courses were designed to encourage students to take a deep approach to learning. ASSIST was completed by 599 students enrolled in a biology class in 2006 that was part of the old curriculum, and by 705 students at the beginning and end of the new HUBS courses in 2007. Changes in students’ approaches to learning over time were examined. The ASSIST scores for both HUBS courses reflected the dominance of a surface approach, followed by a strategic and then a deep approach. However, by the end of the year, students were taking a deep and strategic approach to their studies to a greater extent, and a surface approach to a lesser extent. Moreover, students enrolled in the new course adopted a deep approach to their studies to a significantly greater degree than those studying the old curriculum. Despite the predominance of a surface approach, the results suggest that it is possible to bring about small but significant positive changes in students’ learning behaviour in a very large class through curriculum change. The proportion of students preferring a surface approach, and results showing that high performance on the final exam was significantly correlated with a surface approach, probably reflected contextual factors, including assessment, and is the focus of ongoing curriculum development.     

低调陈述的对话性分析

以前苏联学者巴赫金的对话理论为依据,将其应用于语篇和话语分析,从对话性出发看待低调陈述这一语言现象,并赋予其新的研究视角。具体分析了低调陈述中对话性关系的表现形式,并得出结论：其中蕴涵着对话关系及其表现形式,其共同之处在于都有对话精神,各种不同对话主体的独立存在,欢迎并期待回应,消除唯一的权威和专制的声音,异声同啸,平等对话,和谐共生。     

经营城镇特色 创建城镇品牌

城镇品牌根植于城镇特色,如特殊区位、特色风光、特色产业、特色文化等;城镇品牌与企业品牌、产业品牌、服务品牌是紧密联系、互相促进的。目前由于市场体系不健全和制度性障碍的存在,城镇生产要素还不能在城乡之间、城镇之间以及城市与城镇之间顺畅地流动,从而制约了品牌城镇的产生和城镇品牌的经营。城镇政府只有充分发挥城镇居民在城镇规划和建设中的积极性,经过长期悉心经营,才能创出城镇品牌、维护和发展城镇品牌,增加城镇价值。     

诠释学视野下的比较诗学

诠释学作为一门指导文本理解和解释的学科，在以前类似于修辞学、语法学、逻辑学，从属于语文学。到了20世纪，诠释学由一种理解和解释的方法论发展成为一种哲学理论。诠释学的哲学转向与世界意义的多元化转向并行。随着古典诠释学向现代哲学诠释学的转换，诠释学不再仅是对经典文本的诠释而具有多元化的意义，从而为自己找到广阔的诠释空间，因此在诠释学的视野下比较诗学也具有更加开放的被诠释可能。以诠释学为背景，进一步探讨比较诗学在学理意义上的可能性和可行性，便会发现：比较诗学之“比较”不是工具论意义上的一种手段而是存在论意义上的一种思维方式，从而为比较诗学学科研究提供一个新的视角。     

The Western Primary School 'Quiet Room' Project

There has been a great deal of interest recently in the development of more 'nurturing' environments in mainstream primary schools. This interest has been reflected in a series of articles published in the pages of this journal. In this paper, Angus King, headteacher of Western Primary School, a performance management consultant, a threshold assessor and a teacher trainer, with Zara Chantler, Key Stage 1 leader and SENCo at Western, describe the Western 'Quiet Room' project, set up in 1999 as a response to the needs of pupils experiencing social, emotional and behavioural problems. The Quiet Room was designed to provide a nurturing environment in a dedicated space away from the classroom. In this way, argue King and Chantler, a child's emotional needs can be explored, on a one–to–one basis where appropriate, in a safe and supportive setting. The results to date are positive and there is real potential for the scheme to be extended.     

开发学生潜能 发展学生个性--办学理念的理性思考与实践探索

办学理念,是指人们对办学的基本信念,指人们对自己学校的定性、定位及职能的认识.办学理念蕴含着学校的办学方向、目标确立、运营策略、社会责任以及校长对理想学校模式的系统构想.办学理念对办好一所学校至关重要,"开发潜能,发展个性"乃是暨华中学的办学理念.对校外,它是一面彰显办学特色的旗帜;对校内,它是一个统一思想、引领行动的纲领.文章就什么是办学理念、办学理念的意义与作用、如何提炼形成办学理念作初步的探讨,并在此基础上,结合暨华中学办学实践,交流有关办学理念的探索体会.     

校长:专业化教育者和职业化领导者的统一体

校长首先应当是专业化教育者,懂得教育教学规律,具有专业知识和技能,对学校的教学和课程负责,并起到示范和引导作用;校长又负有统领学校组织的整体发展之责,因而应当是一个领导者,一个职业化的学校最高层的领导者,即职业化的领导者。校长既是专业化的教育者,又是职业化的领导者,是专业化教育者和职业化领导者的统一体。