Project 2061: Systemic reform of K-12 education for science literacy

Project 2061 of the American Association for the Advancement of Science is a long-term initiative for systemic reform of K-12 education in science, mathematics, and technology. The project was named after the next return of Halley's comet to envision a future where all Americans are science literate. To fulfill this vision, Project 2061 is developing a coordinated set of reform tools for educators to use in achieving the goals of science literacy.     

科学素养与人文素养的比较研究

科学素养与人文素养,是当前教育界比较热门的两个词汇.二者在内容与培养方式上,既有相似和联系,也有天然存在的区别.本文就此做一比较,以抛砖引玉.     

论少数民族媒介素养教育的必要性

我国少数民族媒介素养教育是一项迫切需要启动的工程。它是少数民族抵御电子＂符号暴力＂,维护传统文化边界的的需要,是信息时代少数民族有效利用媒介信息,快速发展民族经济、进一步缩小与主流社会经济差距的需要。     

关于在高中物理课堂教学中融入科学素养的培养的思考

我国新一轮基础教育改革的一个非常重要的目标就是要培养高中生的科学精神,从而保证科学教育能够凌驾于公式与符号之上,提升高中生的科学素养。但是,在现阶段,在高中物理课堂教学中很少融入科学素养的培养,这不利于高中高中生的科学潜力的挖掘。基于此,本文结合具体的课堂教学情况,进行了关于在高中物理课堂教学中融入科学素养的培养的思考,提出了一些方法,希望能够有利于培养高中生的科学素养。     

多元文化素养:教师专业发展的时代要求

多元文化素养是多元文化时代教师所必须具备的重要素质。培养教师的多元文化素养已成为多元文化教育理念下教师教育探讨的核心问题。未来教师必须具备一定的多元文化知识、态度及技能才能胜任其所面对的具有多元文化特征的教育教学工作。文章从知识目标、态度和情感目标、技能目标三个方面审视多元文化教育理念下教师应具备的多元文化素养,以帮助我们更深入地了解其内涵。     

Core competences and scientific literacy: the recent reform of the school science curriculum in China

ABSTRACT

China initiated a new round of science curriculum reform in 2017. Using the tripartite curriculum framework (including policy, programmatic, and classroom curriculum), we introduce and analyse China’s policy curriculum and programmatic curriculum for science in primary school and senior high school, and describe the potential problems hindering the translation of these curricula into the classroom curriculum. We first identify the multiple aims of different stakeholders in science education, some of which influence the science policy curriculum. Then, we present the major changes in how the programmatic curriculum meets the policy curriculum. However, due to extracurricular factors, the current science curriculum reform may not unfold as expected. We end with a discussion of the three major characteristics of the revision process of science curriculum standards in China, some of which might inform the global community of science education.     

现代科学教育的特点

科学教育指的是数学与自然科学教育以及在它们的基础上形成的各种交叉科学、综合科学和技术科学的教育。各级各类学校中进行的科学教育具有系统性、客观性、抽象性和继承性等特点     

综合理科师资培养的新方向

综合理科师资缺乏成为了综合理科课程实施过程中陷入困境的主要原因。文章认为师范生应提高自身素质与能力,高等师范院校应设立宽口径的师范生培养模式,社会应提高对综合理科的认识和理解。     

科学素养: 学前科学教育的课程目标

学前科学教育应将培养幼儿的科学素养作为课程总目标。幼儿的科学素养主要体现在知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观三个方面。学前科学教育应致力于培养幼儿的科学态度、科学行为与习惯。     

科学课教师培养的问题与对策建议

科学课是第八次基础教育课程改革新增设一门广域综合课程。科学课教师的培养作为一种新的探索,存在着专业设置的无序性、目标定位的宽泛性、课程设计的杂乱性以及组织运行的低效性等问题。解决上述问题需要政府、学团和高校多方联合,通过法律规制、专家引领和管理创新等措施协同进行。     

科学教育的重要途径—非正规学习

非正规学习在培养学生科学素质方面具有正规学习不可替代的重要作用。了解非正规学习的特点、规律和怎样影响人的科学素质的形成和发展对当前我国政府倡导的大力普及科学教育,提高全民,特别是未成年人的科学素质具有重大意义。非正规科学学习不仅能为学生提供丰富的认知冲突和社会互动机会,使他们建立起更加完善的知识结构,而且还能提高他们的科学论证能力。非正规学习是发展学生科学素质的必经之路。     

Science education — I: The spirit of science

In these two essays we explore the questions: what are the essential features of a workable context for science education? What are the givens, the “of courses,” the “fundamental dispositions” toward science and toward education necessary — or at least sufficient — to provide a fertile ground upon which a functional approach to science education can be established? In the present essay it is argued first that science education must reflect that science is a way of thinking — in fact, more comprehensively, a way of being; and second, and that the fundamentally antiauthoritarian spirit of science must be reconciled with education, with its built-in tendency to be authoritarian.     

High and low implementers of content literacy instruction: Portraits of teacher efficacy

This study used a teacher efficacy framework to describe the perceptions of high and low implementers of content literacy instruction in the context of a year-long professional development program. Interviews from middle and high school content teachers illustrated efficacy differences between teachers who demonstrated high and low levels of content literacy implementation. High implementers exhibited higher levels of general, personal, and collective efficacy, whereas low implementers exhibited lower levels of efficacy for literacy teaching. Although both high and low implementers perceived content literacy positively, high implementers were characterized by persistence in overcoming barriers associated with content literacy implementation.     

Uses of the past: Reflections on United States physics curriculum development 1955 to 1990

A personal assessment is made of the United States experience in physics curriculum development and teacher education over the past 35 years. It is concluded that, although substantial improvements were achieved in the development of hands-on primary and secondary school curricula, their effectiveness was in large part negated by logistic problems in implementation and deficiencies in teacher preparation. At the college/university level, existing materials tend to cover far too much material far too rapidly, and, except for small, separated pockets of promising activity, inadequate attention is being paid, in the aggregate, to students' levels of cognitive development and to the learning problems revealed in research on teaching and learning. Some directions of effort that might prove helpful are described.     

中英小学科学课程标准中的科学探究比较

中英两国科学课程标准都强调科学探究是科学课程的核心内容。小学科学课程是以培养科学素养为宗旨的科学启蒙教育课程,只有将科学探究落实到科学教学的各项任务中,才能加深学生对科学的认识。从而使学生掌握科学知识与技能、过程与方法、培养情感态度与价值观,实现科学教育的目标。比较中英两国科学课程标准,英国科学课程标准中关手科学探究的描述值得我们借鉴与学习。     

Understanding and enabling marketplace literacy in subsistence contexts: The development of a consumer and entrepreneurial literacy educational program in South India

To function in the economic realm, two important resources that individuals need are finances and know-how. Whereas there has been considerable attention on microfinancing, we describe an educational program that focuses on enabling generic skills about the marketplace and complements these important efforts. We conducted research aimed at understanding lives and marketplaces in subsistence contexts in urban and rural parts of a state in South India. We used the research as a basis for developing a consumer and entrepreneurial literacy educational program. This program uses the “know-why”, or an understanding of marketplaces, as a basis for the know-how of being an informed buyer or seller. Despite the difficulties with abstract thinking that low-literate individuals experience, we enable deeper understanding of marketplaces by leveraging the social skills that participants bring to the program and relating educational content back to their lived experiences. Such understanding can enable individuals to place themselves on a path to lifelong learning. Implications of this work for research and practice in non-formal education are discussed.     

践行科学发展观 加强教师队伍建设

民族振兴,教育为本;教育振兴,教师为本。要促进毕节试验区民众脱贫致富,加快实现毕节试验区从人口大区向人力资源大区转变,适应全区经济和社会发展对各类技能型人才的需求,实现经济社会跨越式发展,就要大力发展职业教育。而在发展职业教育过程中,如何建设一支师德高尚、业务精湛、结构合理、充满活力的高素质教师队伍就具有十分重要的意义。     

The Parallels Between Philosophical Inquiry and Scientific Inquiry: Implications for science education

The ‘community of inquiry’ as formulated by C. S. Peirce is grounded in the notion of communities of discipline‐based inquiry engaged in the construction of knowledge. The phrase ‘transforming the classroom into a community of inquiry’ is commonly understood as a pedagogical activity with a philosophical focus to guide classroom discussion. But it has a broader application. Integral to the method of the community of inquiry is the ability of the classroom teacher to actively engage in the theories and practices of discipline‐based communities of inquiry so as to become informed by the norms of the disciplines, not only to aspire to competence within the disciplines, but also to develop habits of self‐correction for reconstructing those same norms when faced with novel problems and solutions, including those in the classroom. This has implications for science education and the role of educational philosophy in developing students' ability to think scientifically. But it also has broader implications for thinking critically within all key learning areas. Here we concentrate on science education. We present the parallels between philosophical inquiry and scientific inquiry that need to be realised to promote and engage with scientific inquiry in the classroom. We also discuss the conflicts between philosophical inquiry and the way inquiry science in the classroom is portrayed in the education literature. Based on philosophical and historical perceptions of science as inquiry, a practical approach to implementation of scientific inquiry in the science classroom is presented.     

人性科学家的塑造与科学教育完整性的实现

当今人们越来越清晰地认识到科学对人类具有的双重影响,是造福人类还是危害人类。全看掌握科学技术的人的人文素质。人文素质的培养与提高要通过纠正科学教育的偏差、充分发挥科学教育的整体功能来实现。     

The Implications of the 'New Literacy Studies' for Literacy Education

This paper deals with the following questions:

• 1 The ‘problem’: what is the ‘Literacy Debate’ and why do such apparently arcane accounts of language and literacy have such a high profile in popular media?
• 2 What are the New Literacy Studies (NLS) and what are the new understandings of language and of literacy on which NLS are based?
• 3 . What are the implications for literacy education?