论中学语文素质教育的个性特征

对于物质的第一种运动形式，要注意它和其他运动形式的区别。中学语文素质教育的个性特征是一个系统：从课程性质看，语文素质教育是一种立足初中的养成型的教育；从教学目的创新精神是语文素质教育的灵魂；从教学内容看，全面发展学生“听、说、读、写”Ｒ 语文能力是语文素质教育的核心；从教学途径看，语文素质教育提倡以发现性学习造就学生扩动学习精神；从教学要求看，要以“心”为目的，“道”为根本、“文”为基础，在语文教     

浅谈语文教师的角色转换

笔者在多年的语文教学实践活动中，深深体会到：语文教学不再是“灌输——接受”的教学模式，“听讲——背诵——练习——再现”的学习方式，因为从语文发展的趋势看，它具有如下特点：(一)语文课程的生活化；(二)语文课程的综合性；(三)语文课程的实践性；(四)语文课程的开放性；(五)语文课程的跨学科性。它决定了教师必须从唱独角戏的主角向主导的地位转变。     

“讽诵”在我国古代长期广泛流行的原因考察

“讽诵”是我国古代汉语文教学的基本方式和主要手段。它广泛而长期的流传和应用，除受读物条件限制和封建统治者的“奖”、“禁”外，主要还是因为它在汉语文教学上的适用性、高效性，而适用性、高效性则源于汉语的非形态性和汉字的表意性。它是数千年来汉语文教学经验的结晶，是教学汉语文规律的反映。今天，我们教的、学的仍是汉语文，“讽诵”仍然应该是它的基本方式和主要手段。以教师的“讲”代替学生的讽诵，是违背汉语文教学规律的。     

新大纲“新”在哪里

一是“新”的定位。新大纲在导言中明确指出：“工具性与人文性的统一，是语文学科的基本特点。”这不仅准确地阐述了语文学科的性质，第一次给语文学科的特点作了定位，而且合理地解决了历时多年的论争，很容易为语文同仁们所接受。简言之，它既有科学性，又有接受性，且做到了二者的统一。１．从语文角度来看，当以工具性为主，人文性为辅。因为人文性不只语文所独有，政史地皆有人文性。而语文是一切学科的工具；没有语文，就没有其他学科。２．就语文教学来谈，工具性更为重要。因为工具性是教学的基础；人文性必须建立在这个基础之上，…     

改革教材 更新教法

笔者从事语文教学多年，深切的感到：中学生的语文综合素质较低，小而言之，他们缺乏对语言文字的自由驾驭能力；大而言之，对中华文化底蕴和优秀的传统文化认识和理解较为肤浅。一个华夏子孙如果不能自由地使用祖国的语言文字，如果不能深刻地感受和我们血脉相连的中华文化，那将是语文教学的悲哀。因此，提高中学生语文综合素质，必须改革教材，更新教法。 　　一、教材大换血。 学生一本语文书，几本语文资料；老师一本语文书，一本教参书，多少年如此，把教师和学生束缚在这样一个几十万字的单调的“井底”，教师和学生都成为“井底之…     

开放语文教学 促进学生发展

开放性的语文教学源于张孝纯先生创立的“大语文教育”。它的核心是将语文教学与学生的思想生活密切联系，它的整体结构模式是“一体两翼”。这里的“一体”，是指以语文课堂教学为主体。“两翼”一是以课外活动中的语文训练为中心，有计划有组织地开展形式多样的语文学科课外活动；二是充分利用学校、家庭、社会语言环境学习语文。     

新闻进课堂 学懂天下事——新闻课程设置与教学建议

一、新闻课程设置的目的和意义 新闻资讯是与时俱进的语文教学素材，蕴含着丰富的语文教学资源。但是纵观整个小学语文课程，新闻资讯的课程设置及教学远远跟不上社会发展的步伐，它在语文教学当中的比重也远远跟不上它在生活当中的比重，甚至可以说在这方面是一个空白。因此我们迫切需要在小学阶段设置合适的新闻课程。借助这些课程，以实现以下目标：①开拓视野，取得新知，获取信息，认识世界，做到“秀才不出门，能知天下事”；②扩大语文学习资源，提高阅读与写作能力，践行“大语文观”；③培养读书看报的良好习惯，陶冶情操，品味“快乐语文”；     

语文教学设计的“召唤结构”

本文借用文学评论术语“召唤结构”来表述新课程改革中语文教学设计的新思考，认为语文教学设计具有未定点和意义空白，要预期性关注教学设计的读者——教师本人和学生在教学过程中的互动生成情况；在确立“教学具有召唤性”的意识后，在具体的教学设计过程中需要细研文本，预埋“生成点”，留足“生成空间”     

全面提高学生的语文素养--学习语文课程标准的一点体会

以往人们对语文课程性质的认识．具有一定的偏面性；往往只侧重于语文课程的工具性．而忽略了它的人文性以及工具性与人文性的统一。人们普遍认为语文是交际工具，是“学习和工作的基础工具”。多年来．语文教师的教学实际活动未能注重语文教学的多重功能的充分发挥，最为明显的弊病就是忽视了学生人文素养的发展．只侧重于语言知识的     

论开放性的语文教学

开放性的语文教学，源于已故的张孝纯先生创立的“大语文教育”。它的核心是将语文教学与学生的思想生活密切联系，它的整体结构模式是“一体两翼”。这里的“一体”，是指以语文课堂教学为主体。“两翼”一是以课外活动中的语文训练为中心，有计划有组织地开展形式多样的语文学科课外活动；二是充分利用学校、家庭、社会语言环境学习语文。由此可见，语文课堂教学以语文基础和基本技能为核心，是主阵地，而课外的语文活动则是课堂教学的直接延伸，学校、家庭、社会语言环境中的语文学习则是语文课堂教学的间接延伸。     

Reading Derrida close reading Lemov close reading close reading

Asbtract

This article does exactly what the title suggests: It reads Derrida’s idea of close reading into Doug Lemov’s idea of close reading by close reading Lemov’s definition for close reading. Building on work that considers poststructural approaches in reading classrooms, I engage Lemov and Derrida in a conversation about the meaning and uses of reading as a classroom practice. This approach asks questions about who gets to read, where, and in what ways. Within this conversation, I aim to open new considerations of reading in classrooms in public schools in the U.S. The article concludes with some possibilities and risks of pursuing these ideas, focusing on the potential of new inquiries into the ‘right’ to read.     

What are teenagers reading? Adolescent fiction reading habits and reading choices

What are adolescents choosing to read? This is an important question because of potential divergence between school students' reading interests and reading expectations in school. This article considers the findings from a study of the reading over one week in May 2002 of 707 school students aged between 11 and 15, undertaken in 30 schools in the south‐west of England. The findings are related to earlier research by, amongst others, Whitehead, Benton, and Hall and Coles. The article reflects on adolescent reading choices, influences on those choices and the importance of validating all reading experience, including the new literacies.     

Oral reading fluency,reading motivation and reading comprehension among second graders

The relationships between oral reading fluency, reading motivation and reading comprehension were examined at the beginning and the end of second grade among 121 Hebrew speaking students. The contribution of oral reading fluency and three sub-factors of motivation—self-concept as a reader, value attached to reading and literacy outloud (social interactions about literacy)—at the beginning of the school year to reading comprehension at the end of the year was also examined. Results indicate that all oral reading fluency measures and all motivational sub-factors were significantly correlated with reading comprehension at the end of second grade. In addition, positive change in self-concept as a reader along the school year was related to improvement in reading achievement. Finally, text rate and self-concept as a reader at the beginning of second grade together predicted 28% of the variance in reading comprehension at the end of second grade. The results support the notion that the cognitive approach to reading cannot explain all the variance in reading comprehension and emphasize the necessity of including motivational factors in the language arts curriculum in the early stages of reading acquisition.

     

Students' self-perception of reading ability,enjoyment of reading and reading achievement

Using data from New Zealand's National Education Monitoring Project, a light sampling, low stakes performance based national school assessment program, reading self-efficacy, reading enjoyment, and reading achievement were examined in samples of 8 and 12 year old children. Sample sizes were n = 480 for each group. While reading achievement increased substantially in going from age 8 to age 12, reading enjoyment and reading self-efficacy declined. Girls outperformed boys in reading achievement and showed higher levels of reading enjoyment; differences in self-efficacy by gender were minimal. Results are discussed in terms of previous research and implications for instructional practice.     

Learning reading strategies by triggering reading motivation

In this article, the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at the development of reading motivation and reading strategies within problem-oriented learning environments is evaluated. The basic assumption underlying the intervention is that reading should occur in meaningful contexts and that reading and science should be regularly integrated. The intervention challenges pupils to investigate a self-formulated problem, read several books or texts on the topic and report the results of their study. The participants were six experimental third-grade classes and seven comparable control classes. The effects of the intervention were measured using a pretest-posttest control group design. Analyses of covariance were conducted to examine the effects as measured by a standardized Reading Comprehension Test, a Reading Comprehension Questionnaire, a Reading Strategy Test and a Reading Motivation Scale. The results showed the experimental group to outperform the control group with regard to knowledge of reading strategies (Reading Comprehension Questionnaire) and the use of such strategies (Reading Strategy Test). A significant difference in favour of the experimental group was also found for the Reading Motivation Scale. An effect on the standardized Reading Comprehension Test was not found.     

Beginning readers' reading performance and reading habits

This study investigated the prospective relationships between reading performance and reading habits among Finnish children during the first and second grades of primary school. One hundred and ninety‐five children were examined twice during their first primary school year and once during the spring term of Grade 2. The results showed, first, that children's reading skills predicted their reading habits: the more competent in reading children were at the end of Grade 1, the more likely they were to engage in out‐of‐school reading one year later. Second, reading habits also predicted reading skills: the amount of out‐of‐school reading at the end of Grade 1 contributed to the development of word recognition skills.     

Forecasting reading anxiety for promoting English-language reading performance based on reading annotation behavior

To reduce effectively the reading anxiety of learners while reading English articles, a C4.5 decision tree, a widely used data mining technique, was used to develop a personalized reading anxiety prediction model (PRAPM) based on individual learners' reading annotation behavior in a collaborative digital reading annotation system (CDRAS). In addition to forecasting immediately the reading anxiety levels of learners, the proposed PRAPM can be used to identify the key factors that cause reading anxiety based on the fired prediction rules determined by the developed decision tree. By understanding these key factors that cause reading anxiety, instructors can apply reading strategies to reduce reading anxiety, thus promoting English-language reading performance. To assess whether the proposed PRAPM can assist instructors in reducing the reading anxiety of learners, this study applies the quasi-experimental method to compare the learning performance of three learning groups, which are, respectively, supported by a CDRAS with individual annotations, collaborative annotations, and collaborative annotations with online instructor's support to reduce reading anxiety by the proposed PRAPM. The instructional experiment was conducted on Grade 7 students at Taipei Municipal Wan-Fang high school. Experimental results indicate that the average correct prediction rate of the proposed PRAPM in identifying the reading anxiety levels of learners was as high as 70%. Moreover, analytical results show that the collaborative annotation with online instructor's support for reducing reading anxiety by the proposed PRAPM indeed helps learners reduce reading anxiety, particularly for the male learners, showing that gender difference exists. Furthermore, based on online instructor's support for reducing reading anxiety by the proposed PRAPM, the correlation analysis also shows that the online instructor's interaction with the male learners is significantly correlated with the reading anxiety reduction. Furthermore, English-language learning performance of the three learners groups, which were given a CDRAS with different learning mechanisms, was significantly promoted.     

Role of reading engagement in mediating effects of reading comprehension instruction on reading outcomes

The engagement model of reading development suggests that instruction improves students' reading comprehension to the extent that it increases students' engagement processes in reading. We compared how Concept‐Oriented Reading Instruction (CORI) (support for cognitive and motivational processes in reading), strategy instruction (support for cognitive strategies in reading), and traditional instruction in fourth‐grade classrooms differentially influenced students' reading comprehension, strategy use, and engagement in reading. Students experiencing CORI were significantly higher than both comparison groups on reading comprehension, reading strategies, and reading engagement. When students' level of reading engagement was statistically controlled, the differences between the treatment groups were not significant. We infer that the level of students' reading engagement during classroom work mediated the instructional effects on reading outcomes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The use of computer-automated reading in reading instruction

This study evaluates the use of computer-automated reading in reading instruction and illustrates a resource role for school psychologists in providing consultative assistance for computer-assisted instruction. A reading specialist serving as the teacher's aide was taught to write computer programs for automated reading on a personal computer with a speech synthesizer. The teacher selected six beginning-reading books for her remedial reading classes with 1st- and 2nd-grade students. Five 1st-grade and five 2nd-grade students, enrolled in a compensatory education program, were randomly assigned to two experimental groups; five 1st-grade and five 2nd-grade students, enrolled in the same program, were randomly assigned to two control groups. The students in the experimental groups received automated reading with their instruction; the students in the control groups received instruction in the same books, without automated reading. Pre- and posttests of word recognition, phrase reading, and reading comprehension were administered. The random selection of 1st-grade students failed to yield comparable groups, and the contrast of adjusted posttest scores was nonsignificant. Analyses of covariance on the reading criteria for the 2nd-grade groups indicated significant achievement gains for the experimental group.