白族农事节日：－兼与日本的比较

白族地区自古以来稻作农耕十分发达，形成了许多与农事相关的节日习俗，主要有开秧门、绕三灵、火把节、尝新节等。在日本，也有许与白族相似的农事节日，它们都有祈求神灵保佑和感谢神灵赐予丰产的内在意蕴，但它们也有一些不同之处，类似的节日在这两个地区有着不同的发展取向，本文通过白族农事节日和日本农事节日异同的对比，试图更好的揭示这些农事节日的文化内涵。     

农民心里的自然历

农民从生产实践中归纳出一套天气和农事谚语,用来指导和安排当地的农业生产,这些天气和农事谚语,就是农民心里的自然历。我们小学生要认识和掌握四季特征和四季变化规律,一方面要认真观察记好自然日记,另一方面要认真调查当地的天气和农事谚语。我们     

陶渊明农事诗初探

在中国文学史上,农事诗最早出现于《诗经》,此后千余年罕见农事诗。很多文人受儒家"劳心者治人,劳力者治于人"思想的影响,一般都鄙视农事及其劳动者。直至魏晋陶渊明,他歌咏农村的风貌,描写农民的艰苦生活,以自我躬耕实践、情感体验表达了对农业的热爱与重视,其农事诗的历史地位备受重视。     

明代贵州的农业与农事诗——以《黔诗纪略》为线索

《黔诗纪略》中的农事诗,具有鲜明的时代特征.作为明代贵州农业生产状况和生产水平的艺术表现和缩影,这些诗歌客观、鲜明地反映出少数民族聚居的贵州地区农业耕作方式,农民的生活状况.同时,还对明代中后期与清初官府租赋的压榨与战乱下,农民的生存与精神状态,进行了细致刻画,为农事诗这一古老的诗歌体裁,增添了具有时代与地域特色的内容.     

论《诗经》所载“藉田礼”的功用

《诗经》中有许多农事诗记载古代"藉田礼"习俗。"藉田礼"是殷商、西周时期我国农业生产过程中一个重要环节,对了解并深入研究我国古代农业具有重要意义。它体现了古代天子身先垂范、亲耕垄亩以促进农业生产,也体现了统治阶级倡导敬重祖先、勤俭劝勉的美德,同时,还反映古人的宗教信仰,为深入研究我国古代农业及宗教信仰提供了比较翔实的资料。     

论范成大《四时田园杂兴》之民俗风情

《四时田园杂兴》是范成大有意为之、无意成之的一组田园诗。诗人从农事节气、传统节日、农业生产生活习俗以及农村风物等方面描绘了苏州石湖一带农村的四季风貌,叙述了雨水、惊蛰、清明、谷雨、霜降、小雪等不同节气的物候人情,描写了寒食、清明、七夕、中秋、重阳等传统节日习俗,展示了祭春社、蚕桑养殖、丝织绩麻、"筑牛宫"等农业生产生活习俗以及石湖农村风物,可谓古代石湖农村的一部百科全书,对于研究南宋石湖一带农村的人文历史、民俗风情、地理变迁等有着重要的参考价值与意义。     

暑中荷锸方知苦停辇观苗问稼人——康熙农事诗述论

康熙是一位学识渊博的诗人,他的1000余首诗词,题材广泛,真实记载了他一生的经历.而其中尤为突出的则是他以农业、农民、农村为题材的200来首农事诗.通过这些农事诗歌,我们可以看到康熙心中和谐的农村社会.     

周代的农业文学(上篇)

农业文学在周代进入了长足发展的时代。其标志是，周代是中国叙事性农业文学最辉煌的时代，与此同时，议论性的田园政治文学和田园抒情文学也在周代萌芽。农本主义和祭神文化是叙事性农业文学在周代能够流传并得以保存下来的根本原因。叙事性的农业文学包括农业史诗和农事诗。周代的农事诗又可分为贵族的农事诗和民众的农事诗两种。在本文的上篇里论述了周代农业文学的概况、《生民》是中国历史上唯一记叙农业发明和发展过程的农业史诗以及贵族农事诗的三大主题。周代农业祭把中的原始血祭场面、性放纵遗风、原始氏族遗风等上古农业风俗，较为典型地勾勒出周代农业存在和发展的原始精神文化背景。     

周代的农业文学(下篇)

本文下篇先论述民众的农事诗《七月》。《七月》描绘了周代农夫生活的各个方面，它以百科全书式的内容，展现了周代农民生活的历史画卷。它与本文上篇所述的农业史诗和贵族的农事诗一起，使周代的叙事性农业文学盛况空前。周代田国政治文学和田园抒情文学均已初露端倪，尤其是农民对赋税和王事的抗议之声和田园理想国概念──乐土乐国观念的提出，对后世的农业文学有一定影响。周代之所以成为叙事性农业文学最鼎盛的时代，是由农业生产第一次成为社会物质生产的主题、农业诗歌的神话、宗教语境和原始文学团有的模仿性写实性特征决定的。     

试析大革命时期党对乡村习俗的策略

习俗,是人们在社会的、集体的生活中逐渐形成并共同遵守的习惯和风俗的简称,它是生活中不成文的,也是产生最早的社会行为规范。它包括乡村中的衣食住行、婚丧嫁娶、宗教信仰、生活习惯、日常礼仪等在内的风俗传统,无论何人,只要在社会中生活,总是要自觉不自觉地受一定的习俗的熏陶和约束。习俗有很强的社会控制作用,特别是在社会大变动时期表现得尤其显著。中国是一个有两千多年封建历史的国家,传统习俗的影响根深蒂固。正因为如此,大革命时期中国共产党在领导农民运动时,不但没有忽视乡村习俗,而且给予了相当的重视。党结合中国农村的特殊情况,认识到了乡村习俗与农民运动的关系,制定了一系列改良乡村习俗的策略与措施,从而促进了农民运动的蓬勃发展。遗憾的是,长期以来在研究大革命时期的农民运动时,这一问题没有引起足够的重视。本文拟对此作一初步探讨。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.