印度学徒培训制度:特点、问题及启示

印度学徒培训制度依据学徒类别安排不同培训,采用联合认证的考核方式,设立专门的学徒门户网站管理学徒培训相关事宜,雇主有开发行业课程的权利,充分保障学徒和企业权益,明确划分各利益相关者职责等特点,为我国现代学徒制的发展提供了有益的借鉴。但在学徒类别划分、提供信息的真实性以及雇主设计课程的有效性方面存在一些问题。以印度学徒培训制度的特点和存在问题作为参考,我国应完善学徒制相关政策法规,保证学徒培训工作有据可依;多方联合考核,保证学徒评价的合理准确;统一管理,优化学徒培训发展;完善学徒培训课程,满足多样化需求;明确职责、保障利益,提高学徒培训效果。多措并举,才能大力推动我国现代学徒制的发展。     

Training for innovation in India: Cultural considerations and strategic Implications

Global organizations with personnel in India rank innovation as a primary workforce development objective to stay competitive in the global market (NASSCOM, 2007 ). This analysis reviews relevant literature for evidence of cultural factors that stand in the way of innovative performance in Indian personnel and discusses implications for the design of interventions. Findings in the literature indicate possible knowledge gaps resulting from higher education quality assurance problems and high turnover in the job market, underrecognition of creative and practical intellectual abilities owing to testing practices, and restrictions on creative tendencies stemming from hierarchical structures and external pressures. Instructional design implications include the use of diagnostics, transformational learning strategies, and systemic reinforcement initiatives.     

印度高校毕业生就业状况评估及启示

本文从印度高校毕业生就业的宏观环境和高等教育现状出发,分析了印度高校毕业生就业的总体特征和模式,提出了可供解决我国目前面临的高校毕业生就业难的思考.     

Imagining the Audience: language,creativity and communication in youth media production

This article provides an analytical case study of the production of two films made by young people as part of the VideoCulture project, and of the ways in which they were interpreted. The case study raises key issues to do with the question of audience, which has been a major theme in debates around the place of production in media education. The article suggests that awareness of audience may enable young people to ‘decentre’, and hence to develop a more reflective analysis of their own work. However, it also points to the social differences in the media ‘languages’ that young people use, and the contrasting models of creativity which they imply. Discussion of these issues suggests that media education should avoid the more individualistic approach to creative production which is made possible by digital technology     

试析独立学院人才培养模式的构建

对独立学院现有的人才培养模式提出了质疑,并以特色和最优化为遵循原则基础上,分别从培养目标、培养规格和培养过程三方面着手分析应如何构建独立学院人才培养模式.     

我国现代教师教育体系中的教育学院

教育学院是我国中小学教师在职培训的主阵地。经过20多年探索，教育学院创造并承载了我国中小学教师继续教育发展的理论和实践财富。在新时期，教育学院在结合实际的基础上应创造出适合中国特色的教师培训体系。     

试论训练状态的提高

阐述训练状态的概念、意义及训练状态形成的规律，讨论训练状态在运动训练中的重要性及基本原理，提出提高训练状态应采用的方法和手段，论述训练状态形成的五大因素及影响训练状态诸因素之间的关系。     

工科院校专业课教师实践培训探讨

本文论述了目前我国工科院校专业课教师实践培训中存在的困惑,分析了专业课教师的理论知识更新和专业实践能力、教育教学能力方面以及继续教育培训中的不足,认为工科院校在专业课的师资队伍建设中,除了要不断引进高学历的人才之外,还应该加大招聘具有相当技术水平和创新能力的工程师,并把他们引进到专业课师资队伍中来,从事教学与实践活动,以确保工科院校培养出具备创新、创造和实践操作能力的学生,为工科院校的长远发展,储备新生能量。     

Self-regulated learning: Implications for the design of instructional media

This paper describes the implications of principles derived from cognitive social learning theory and Vygotsky's socially oriented developmental perspective for the design of technology-based instructional materials. Vygotsky's ideas about the kinds of experience that facilitate intellectual growth in the “zone of proximal development” suggest that contemporary mathematics instruction (usually characterized by presentations to large groups, or by individualized instruction dominated by worksheets) deny students opportunities for individual interaction with and supportive guidance by adult experts or competent peers. It is proposed that such instruction fails to support the transfer of regulatory responsibility from teacher to student. The derivation of design specifications for the use of instructional technologies to overcome these limitations of contemporary instruction in mathematics is described. Instructional materials designed to promote self-regulation strategies as well as procedural and declarative knowledge in mathematics are presented.     

Implications in the Era of Building Confucius Institutes from a Global Perspective

Abstract

Confucius Institutes characterized by the outstanding culture of the Chinese nation have been built in a way that sends them abroad, which has been a cultural revival and self-conscious choice of “sending Eastern learning Westward” in the 21st century. This has helped turn back the declining cultural trade deficit and upheld the diversity of world civilizations. The construction of Confucius Institutes has spread harmonious values, helped resolve certain problems facing humanity under the model of Western culture and thought, and promoted the development of a harmonious world. The building of Confucius Institutes is a dialogue between civilizations, embodies the unification of nation and era within the culture, helps preserve thriving cultural vitality, and promotes continual innovation and development in our own cultural construction.     

Situation of Divorced Mothers in India: Implications for Counseling

In a culture where high premium is placed on marriage, a divorced mother faces many challenges. Striving for shelter and economic security is harder due to lack of social acceptance, support and inadequate services. For a counsellor the social realities are as important as the psychological ones.This article is based on the observations and experiences of the author who has been a marriage counsellor at the first Family Court in India.     

浅析新媒体对广告传播的影响

手机,有人称之为移动媒体,有人称之为新媒体,也有人称之为手机媒体,还有人称之为继"第四媒体(互联网)"之后的"第五媒体"。基于数字和IT技术的新媒体的出现,激发产生了媒介融合。在新媒介背景下,新闻传播的环境随之改变,广告传播的环境也产生了诸多新现象和新的研究领域。最明显的一个变化,就是因为新媒体出现,广告传播手段更多元化,本文主要就新媒体对广告传播的影响进行分析,希望为相关研究提供一些参考。     

论培训机构的诚信义务——以培训合同为视角

诚信被法律界称为“帝王规则”。它不仅是伦理道德规范,更是市场经济的基本准则,作为公共领域中的市场主体以及培训合同的主体一方,培训机构必须按照法律的规定,在培训合同成立前、履行中、变更时以及终止后履行相应的诚信义务。     

关于加强和改进高校青年教师培养的认识与思考

加强高校青年教师队伍建设,是当前高校思想政治工作和师资队伍建设的重要课题。新时期高校青年教师队伍建设出现了一些新情况,需要通过强化师德师风,夯实基本技能;重视师徒帮教,传承导师制度;鼓励教学创新,提高学术水平;提升学历层次,注重国际交流;健全评价体系,完善激励机制等来加强和改进高校青年教师培养工作。     

普通高校体育教师任职教育课程设置的思考

任职教育是高校教育的延伸,是终身教育思想的体现。通过部分在职高校体育教师任职教育情况的调查与分析,对任职教育课程的设置原则、体系结构、类型层次及内容等方面提出一些思考。力图探索构建适应新时期我国高校体育教育需要的、科学合理的任职教育课程设置方案,为任职教育院校课程体系的设置和教学组织实施提供一定的参考。     

运用远程教育手段开展高校教师培训的三大制约因素

在我国现阶段,运用远程教育手段开展高校教师培训具有一定的有利条件,也有十分重要的意义,但存在着培训观念、培训管理体制和远程教育网络环境的等因素的制约.必须从更新培训观念、转变培训机制入手,通过构建和整合天网、地网、人网合一的高质量的远程教育网络环境,努力创建符合社会与市场需要的高校教师培训体系.     

文化视阈下国家示范性高职院校建设的思考

重视和加强高职院校的文化建设,是国家示范性高职院校建设的客观要求.高职院校文化具有导向性和引导性,鲜明的育人性与职业性,全员参与性和认同性的特征.因此,国家示范性高职院校文化建设要坚持精神文化建设、特色文化建设、质量文化建设、制度文化建设、环境文化建设.     

高职院校电子商务实训课程的实施策略

互联网的发展形成了电子商务的一个巨大的前所未有的新市场,电子商务的发展又给互联网注入了巨大的资金和无限的活力。我国大多数中小型公司非常缺乏电子商务人才,然而,国内高职院校作为学校和社会的重要桥梁,开设电子商务专业还处于探索阶段。笔者认为,通过研究高职院校电子商务实训课程的实施策略,重新确立电子商务专业的知识能力结构,能促使高职电子商务专业学生所学习和掌握的知识技满足社会需要。     

The communication media in postliteracy education: New dimensions of literacy

Postliteracy programs have been used to produce written materials for newly literate adults, but this narrow view falls short of preventing relapse into illiteracy. Furthermore, the gradual move away from mass educational programs and government financing of education has put postliteracy at greater risk. This study tests levels of retention of literacy among neo-literates in Tanzania who gained a literacy certificate five years ago. Some modest success is noted. The pattern of radio broadcasting, newspaper coverage and library provision in the country is summarized, and the influence of these media on literacy retention assessed. Investment in them is seen as crucial to the maintenance of literacy. However, it is also suggested that the cultural context cannot be overlooked, that the importance of oral communication does not swiftly diminish and that excessive emphasis on functional postliteracy texts does not coincide with the leisure-time interests of neo-literates.

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Zusammenfassung Durch Nachalphabetisierungsprogramme wurden schriftliche Materialien für neu alphabetisierte Erwachsene erstellt, aber diese begrenzten Aktivitäten auf dem Gebiet der Nachalphabetisierung reichen nicht aus, um einen Rückfall in den Analphabetismus zu verhindern. Außerdem wurde die Nachalphabetisierung durch den allmählichen Abbau sowohl der Massenalphabetisierungsprogramme als auch der Finanzierung der Bildung durch die Regierung zunehmend gefährdet. Diese Studie prüft den Erhalt der Lese- und Schreibfähigkeit von tansanischen Neualphabetisierten, die vor fünf Jahren ein Alphabetisierungszertifikat erwarben. Ein bescheidener Erfolg kann vermeldet werden. Die Verbreitung von Radiosendungen, Zeitungen und Bibliotheken im Lande wird erfaßt und der Einfluß dieser Medien auf den Erhalt der Lese- und Schreibfähigkeit bewertet. Eine Investition in diese Medien wird hierfür als unerläßlich angesehen. Dennoch wird angedeutet, daß der kulturelle Kontext eine wichtige Rolle spielt, daß die Bedeutung der mündlichen Kommunikation nicht schnell wieder nachläßt, und daß eine übermäßige Betonung der funktionalen Nachalphabetisierungstexte den Freizeitinteressen der Neualphabetisierten nicht entgegenkommt.

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Résumé Les programmes de postalphabétisation ont été employés à produire les matériels écrits destinés aux adultes néo-alphabètes, mais ce cadre étroit ne réussit pas à empêcher le retour à l'analphabétisme. Par ailleurs, l'éloignement progressif des programmes éducatifs de masse et du financement de l'éducation par le gouvernement a mis davantage la postalphabétisation en danger. La présente étude teste les niveaux de rétention de l'alphabétisation chez les néo-alphabètes tanzaniens qui ont acquis un certificat d'alphabétisation cinq ans auparavant. On note quelques succès modestes. On résume la structure des émissions radiodiffusées, la couverture des journaux et les services de bibliothèques dans le pays, et on évalue l'influence de ces médias sur la rétention des connaissances acquises. Les investissements dans ces domaines sont cruciaux pour le maintien des rudiments de l'instruction. Cependant, il est aussi suggéré qu'on ne peut pas négliger le contexte culturel, que l'importance de la communication orale ne diminue pas rapidement et que l'accent excessif mis sur les textes de postalphabétisation fonctionnelle ne coïncide pas avec les intérêts qu'ont les néoalphabètes pendant leurs loisirs.