ȫ����Ϣ�����붫�ǹݲط�չ

全球信息网络与东亚馆藏发展周欣平（美国匹兹堡大学东亚图书馆）人类文明的发展至今已经历了三个里程碑：第一个里程碑是手工劳动工具的发展和使用，第二个里程碑是１９世纪末蒸气机的发明以及随之而来的工业产业革命，第三个里程碑就是本世纪中叶计算机的发明。今天，计...     

Meeting the challenges of clinical information provision

This virtual issue of the Health Information and Libraries Journal (HILJ) has been compiled to mark the 5th International Clinical Librarian Conference 2011. In considering the challenges of clinical information provision, the content selected for the virtual issue offers an international flavour of clinical information provision and covers a variety of different facets of clinical librarianship. The issue broadly covers the areas of information needs and preferences, clinical librarian roles and services, and education and training, and reflects the way in which a normal issue of the HILJ would be presented. This includes a review article, a collection of original articles, and the three regular features which comprise International Perspectives and Initiatives, Learning and Teaching in Action, and Using Evidence in Practice. All papers included in this virtual issue are available free online.     

突发公共卫生事件中健康码信息资源的共享机制研究

[目的/意义] 探究突发公共卫生事件中健康码信息共享难问题的形成机理,提出改进健康码信息资源共享的对策建议,助力疫情精准防控,完善信息资源共享机制的构建。[方法/过程] 采用扎根理论研究方法,以新冠肺炎疫情中的健康码为典型案例,对健康码相关政策文件、媒体报道及公众评论进行分析,构建健康码信息共享难问题的形成机理及对策模型。[结果/结论] 在突发公共卫生事件特征和健康码产品驱动因素作用下,健康码信息采集环节的采集方法和采集内容,信息处理环节的制码流程、更新纠错,信息应用环节的终端展示和精准研判,信息存储环节的保存和安全管理方式存在差异,综合作用导致健康码信息共享难现象的形成。从政策规范、技术平台、组织管理3个视角分析共享机制现状,提出系统化的对策建议,促进政府数字资源共享机制的构建。     

基于回归分析的网络恐怖信息主题爬虫

[目的/意义]针对目前从开源网络信息中采集网络恐怖信息难、采集效率低的问题,提出一种回归分析法,以综合语义相关与网页重要性两个因素,从而提高网络恐怖信息的采集效率。[方法/过程]通过分析、比较主题爬虫的特性,结合网络恐怖信息的特点,找出PageRank算法和TF-IDF算法中适用于恐怖信息采集的优点,并结合回归分析法,将恐怖信息的采集策略进行相关度预测,用预测结果反馈调节信息的采集过程。[结果/结论]网络恐怖信息采集要兼顾采集的数量和质量,在传统主题爬虫算法的基础上进行改进,提出针对于开源网络恐怖信息采集的爬虫优化算法,可以提高信息采集效率。     

Digital infrastructure and attitudes towards access and sharing: A case study of selected engineering libraries in the Maharashtra state of India

This article includes a brief profile of selected engineering libraries in Maharashtra state of India and discusses salient issues related to strategic cooperation and consortia, with particular focus on the current situation. It examines the structural, financial and technical factors that have compelled the academic libraries to think about the formation of statewide consortia. The author surveyed forty-nine libraries to get an idea about the current status and explored the possibilities of forming regional consortia with a mission to enhance access to information and knowledge through cooperation for benefit of the engineering communities. The focus is on librarians' perceptions/opinion on the formation of state level consortia; ICT infrastructure; users' needs; collection development policies and the services provided by engineering libraries to the community.     

Collection Building of School Libraries in Kuwait: Censorship or Selection

Lester Asheim's famous piece Not Censorship but Selection published in 1953 is still valid in characterizing the spirit of the censor versus the selector. As information control and censorship differ from one place to another and from time to time, the Kuwaiti school library scene's practices of collection building in both the public and private education schools reflect this old age practice and its features. The conflict between selection and provision on one hand and prevention and censorship on the other is very clear in schools; as schools are responsible for providing access to information.     

Using OCLC WorldCat Language Indexes to Quantify Slavic and Eurasian Language Collections and Answer Complex Bibliographic Questions

The author presents strategies any librarian or researcher with access to OCLC WorldCat may use to answer many kinds of questions concerning foreign-language materials in their own or other libraries. These advanced searching strategies, some not obvious and some even hidden in the WorldCat interface, may also be used to help collection managers generate valuable information about their library’s collection strengths in specific languages, and by extension, make comparisons with collections at other institutions. Special attention is devoted to certain problems associated with Slavic and Eastern European languages.     

长期保存视角下的中文微博信息采集关键问题探讨

[目的/意义] 对中文微博信息采集的关键问题进行分析,以期为中文微博信息的采集与长期保存研究和实践提供参考。[方法/过程] 选取采集范围、采集权利、采集方法3个微博信息采集过程中的关键问题,与网络信息采集进行对比分析,并提出相应的对策。[结果/结论] 分析发现,对于微博信息,由于其具有自身特点,无法套用网络信息采集实践的经验,需要确定具有针对性的采集策略与方法;针对选取的3个关键问题,分别建议采取完整性采集、CC协议结合剔除策略、通过API采集的对策。     

新疆维吾尔族大学生社会融合信息服务需求分析

文章构建了多维度多层次新疆高校图书馆社会融合信息服务质量评价指标体系,采用问卷调查、深度访谈相结合的方法实证研究了691名维吾尔族大学生的社会融合信息需求。研究发现:维吾尔族大学生汉语能力低,馆藏资源易用性差,显著影响他们的文化融合信息需求;馆藏资源缺乏交互性,馆藏资源相关度不高,馆藏资源适当性不足显著影响了维族生的社会经济融合信息需求;图书馆社会融合信息服务的主体性和延伸性之争,显著影响了维族生的心理信息融合。据此,提出基于维族生社会融合信息需求构筑馆藏信息资源;积极开展移动服务,搜集、整理、推送社会融合的服务策略,推进高校图书馆更好地满足维吾尔族大学生的信息需求。     

Transforming travel and border controls: Checkpoints in the Open Society

Prior concerns regarding terrorism resulted in a rush to legislate. Now terrorism is not the only issue in the new security agenda, and we appear to have stopped rushing our legislative processes. Yet, policies are still emerging with a lack of public discourse and legislative deliberation. This article reviews two such policies: access to personal information held by airlines and new border practices that include the collection and processing of biometrics. By looking at the negotiations between the U.S. and the European Commission on passenger name records (PNR), the debates in Canada regarding the collection of passenger information, and the deployment of the US-VISIT system, we identify a number of policy dynamics. We can see within these dynamics of policy formation some essential ingredients for discourse and deliberation, which may inform future debates. In particular, this article argues that we may inform policy by looking at the international, regulatory, legal, and technological dynamics of policy.     

电子政务环境下政府信息资源的形成及采集研究

政府信息资源的有序收集、定向传递与及时发布,是发挥电子政务系统功效的前提和基础,而政府信息资源产生于政府活动的各个环节和各级部门,使得政府信息资源呈现出多元、复杂的特性。本文首先分析了政府信息资源的形成主体,阐述政府信息资源形成的基本规律,并预测信息网络环境下政府信息资源采集的发展趋势。     

What is the Australian National Maritime Museum Ilma collection?

ABSTRACT

The Australian National Maritime Museum (ANMM) in their Darling Harbour warehouse store just over one thousand Ilma. The Ilma are performance symbols of Bardi law and custom, which tell stories of the lands and seas of the Dampier Peninsula, King Sound and surrounding islands of Western Australia. Ilma performances are public and meant for all to see. The ANMM in 2007 resourced detailed documentation of the collection. In 2018 the collection still does not appear on the online catalogue and remains unavailable for public view. While recent efforts have been put into the collection there are important questions to be raised about the responsibility of museums to collections that have contested meanings and serve multiple purposes.     

Developing a Campus-Wide Information System Using the Gopher Protocol:

This paper discusses issues relating to the organization of a campus wide information system which is based upon the Gopher protocol. In an effort to develop guidelines for both collection developnent and classification of Gopher resources, the Library undertook a study of, what is popularly b w n as, Gopherspace. The results of that study provide an overview of various Gopher models and their pwpose., the types of resources typically found on campus wide information systems which use the Gopher protocol, and the ways in which Gophers are urganized The paper concludes with recommendations for the development of coherent collection development policies and organizational schemas which reflect the primary user community's needs and interests.     

News You Can Use: Contemporary SDI and Anticipatory Reference for Government Information

ABSTRACT

Government information is becoming available to citizens more quickly than ever before due to electronic dissemination via the Internet. Two projects that rapidly capture, organize, and publicize regionally relevant government information are examined: Government News for Montana and New Mexico News Plus. These news-based sites serve as tools for collection development and digital archiving, proactive reference, content alerting services, information literacy, promotion, and outreach. Issues to consider and suggestions for the application of these services at other libraries are discussed.     

新媒体时代的信息传播

本文从信息的采集、内容和传播等三个层面探讨了新媒体信息传播的特点.     

Mission-Focused Collections: Rebirth of the Seminarbibliothek as an Ebook Collection

German universities built over the years highly specialized book collections for use by faculty and graduate students. The German term, seminarbibliothek, is often applied to these types of collections, although examples can be found in universities across Europe. The purpose of this article is to examine a similar type of collection using ebooks in veterinary science and to compare this collection to the standard subject classified ebook collections. Most collection development in college and university libraries focuses on academic subjects. The type of collection being described here focuses on a mission. A mission-focused collection increases the use of library holdings and greatly benefits the stakeholders within the institution. This study looks at how such a collection might be formed and defined and what possible effects this might have on the use of collections of this type.     

Computer Analysis of Local Citation Information in Collection Management

Bibliographic information and cited references from source articles by members of the Emory University Physics Department were downloaded as an ASCII file from ISI's SCISEARCH (Science Citation Index) on DIALOG. This file was loaded into a word processing program for editing and then into a spreadsheet program for analysis. Information about format, subject and location of each cited reference was added to the spreadsheet. Analysis of the citations and added information can be useful in making collection management decisions.     

KITs在竞争情报系统信息采集中的运用——以某电网公司为例

在分析当前竞争情报系统信息采集模块的智能性不足的基础上,提出在竞争情报系统的设计方案中引入一种关键情报课题(KITs)模型,将用户的目标与情报需求用KITs来反映,并通过将KITs转换为关键情报问题(KIQs),进而转换成通过用户评估的KIT-KIQs信息采集指标体系,使系统能将采集到的信息自动分类到该体系下,从而提高竞争情报系统信息采集的智能性和精准性。最后,以电网公司为例具体阐述该模型在信息采集中的运用。