跨文化语境间词汇联想意义的异同

语言作为文化的载体 ,往往负载着一定的文化蕴意 ,对词汇联想意义的理解离不开文化语境。文化语境与词汇的联想意义之间的关系可以从以下三个方面来说明。1.不同的文化语境中 ,词汇的联想意义或相同或相似。不同文化间总存在着共性的东西 ,即使是在东方和西方这两种差异较大的文化类型之间也有相互迭盖的部分。因为从人的构造机制来看 ,无论是中国人 ,还是西方人 ,都有共同的感知客观世界的心理器官———大脑。相同的生理特征和类似的生存经验决定了中西文化语境之间也会存在共有联想。在中西文化语境中 ,人们时常根据某些动物的生活习性而…     

文化语境与词义的理解

语言是文化的一部分,文化语境影响并决定词的文化社会意义以及联想意义,很多词有其独特的文化内涵。在不同的文化中,既存在相通的词意联想,亦有其各自独有的一面。本文主要对不同的文化语境下某些词汇的相同及不同的词意作初步探讨。     

从动物名称中看文化差异与词汇联想意义之间的联系

词汇的联想意义是文化的一部分。必须认识到在跨文化语境中词汇既存在共有联想,也存在特有联想。具体可分为三种情况,一是文化语境不同,联想意义相同和相近;二是文化语境不同,联想意义各异;三是联想意义为A文化语境特有,为B文化语境空缺。     

浅谈中英词汇的文化内涵差异

汉英词典上的注释并非都是词义完全对应的同义词。一种语言里的某些词在另一语言里找不到对应词;中英里某些词语表面上似乎指同一事物或概念,其实指的是两回事;在另一种语言里,某种事物或概念有着更细微的概念;某些词的基本意义大致相同,但派生意义的区别可能很大。在我们学习英语时,我们不仅要学习词汇的字面意思,而且需要学习词汇的文化内涵,这样我们才可以用恰当的方式运用目的语来进行交际。     

英文写作中的比喻和联想

中国人对动物的联想同美国人、英国人一样.譬如汉语中就有"蠢驴"、"鹦鹉学舌"、"像狐狸一样狡猾"等说法.在这两种文化中,联想相似的其他动物还有很多,人们时常把某些品质或特性与某些动物联系起来.这些品质或特性又往往能使人产生某种反应或情绪,尽管这种联想很少或根本没有什么科学根据.联想到的特性和所引起的情感也往往因民族不同而各异.在一种文化中提到某些动物时往往可以联想到某种特征,而在另一种文化中却联想不到任何特征;有些动物在两种文化中人们会联想到某种特征,但所联想的特征却不同.本文将讨论一些与禽兽或动物有关的比喻,以及在不同文化的环境中这些比喻所引起人们的相同或不同的联想.本文还将以汉语和英语如何运用表示"颜色"的词语为例,讨论某些颜色在不同文化中的联想.在不同的语言中对同一事物或现象却用不同颜色来加以描述.     

空缺图式与对俄汉语文化词汇教学练习系统

文化词汇对外语学习者的记忆来说存在着文化概念或联想意义的图式空缺,对外汉语教师采用词汇练习系统完成空缺图式的构建过程,在文化词汇学习过程中完成汉语学习者汉文化意识初步培养的任务。文化词汇教学以文化词汇与文化事实共同学习、语言国情视觉化、文化概念和联想意义阶段形成等为基本原则。文化词汇教学与练习系统按阶段分为语言国情、语言文化和文化交际三种基本类型练习。     

不同文化背景下的汉英词语语义差别

由于文化上的差异,对于不同的人们,同一个词或同一种表达方式可以具有不同的意义。一般而言,英语词和汉语词的语义差别有以下几种情况:一种语言里有些词在另一种语言里没有对应词;在两种语言里,某些词语表面上似乎指同一事物或概念,其实指的是两回事;在两种语言里,某些事物或概念有更细微的区别;某些词的基本意义大致相同,但派生意义的区别很大。     

汉英文化中“白色”的联想意义异同浅探

汉英同一颜色词＂白色＂虽然概念意义相同,但由于所处的文化背景不同,两者所引发的联想意义或重合,或碰撞,或空缺。文章首先阐述了词汇的概念意义和联想意义,接着从词汇联想意义的重合、碰撞和空缺三个方面,对二者的联想意义及文化异同进行粗略的探讨,最后指出文化及词汇联想意义的趋同性。     

汉语和英语动物词汇文化内涵差异浅谈

动物具有显著特征．英、汉语言中对这些特性看法总体相同，因此无论是汉语还是英语，大多数词汇含义都是相同或相近的。但是，由于不同的文化背景．对同一动物词产生不同的联想，对同一动物词赋予不同的文化内涵．通常一种动物的概念意义完全相同．而其文化内涵却有明显差异、相互矛盾甚至意义相反。动物词汇常带有鲜明的民族文化特征．部分动物词具有不同的褒贬含义．因此．英、汉两种语言使用和翻译中，应谊注意到谊词的文化内涵，避免出现歧义。     

小议文化语境与词汇的联想意义

人们在认识、概括客观世界的过程中,根据自己的感性认识和主现体验,把人所独有的善恶关丑等认识强加在某些词汇上,使这些原本不具有任何文化内涵的词汇具有联想意义。由于人类文化共性的作用,使表达相同概念意义的词汇具有相同的联想意义。而文化背景以及语言表达方式等方面的差异,又会导致联想意义的不同。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.