中国人的“开放性”——西方“开放性”人格维度与中国人的人格

本研究旨在通过实证研究探索西方开放性（Openness）人格维度的本土化内涵及其与中国人人格结构的关系。1500多名被试完成了中国人人格量表和西方大五人格量表的Openness分量表,因素分析的结果表明：西方的开放性人格维度包括宽容与尝试、情感与审美、享受幻想、理性与思辨、理智与宽和以及求新与思变等六个因素,与西方大五人格量表Openness的六个层面没有对应关系,但分别与中国人人格结构中的外向性、行事风格、才干和情绪性等四个维度存在相关,与善良、人际关系和处世态度等三个维度没有相关,并且存在独立于中国人人格结构的成分。同时,中国人的人格结构中并不存在独立的开放性维度,有关的内容分布在不同的人格维度之中,而且大多以消极的人格特点出现。此外还对开放性人格维度与创造性的关系,中国人是否缺乏创造性以及心理学研究的本土化等问题进行了分析和讨论。     

From school to higher education in Australia

This paper addresses the question of why young people go on from school to higher education in Australia. A person-situation interactionist theory to explain decisions taken in the matter is developed, and in the light of this theory a model to predict entry to higher education is advanced. The model is tested using data from separate studies in two Australian States, Victoria and Queensland. Results of bivariate and logistic regression analyses are generally consistent with expectations from the model. Certain interactive effects of variables in the model upon entry to higher education are reported.     

From school to work: They seychelles experience

An experiment being conducted on a pilot basis in a Seychelles school to smooth the transition between school and the world of work.     

中学物理探究性学习的有效途径--物理课外活动初探

《国家基础教育课程改革纲要》指出基础教 育课程改革的具体目标:改变课程"难、繁、偏、 旧"和过于注重书本知识的现状,加强课程内容 与学生生活及现代社会和科技的联系,关注学生 的学习兴趣和经验,精选终身学习必备的基础知 识和技能。物理课程《标准》的基本思想主要有: 坚持以学生发展为本,促进学生的全面发展;培 养学生对自然、科学的兴趣和热爱;加强实践活 动和探究活动,发展学生的创新意识实践能力; 联系社会、联系生活、突出"科学、技术、社会 (STS)"的观点。物理学是一门实验科学,其教学     

本能教育、研探教育对学校教育的启示

把大教育分为本能教育、研探教育、学校教育进行比较,得到如下启示.1.教育目的和目标必须符合受教育者身心发展规律.2.教育内容必须强调基础性、生动性、多样性.3.传承教育方式不能全盘否定,单一传承模式必须改革.4.受教育者的主体地位和作用必须充分肯定.5.教育者素质直接关系教育结果.6.要建立新型师生关系.     

浅谈中学物理探究式教学

物理探究式教学是一种以培养学生探究性学习能力为主要目的新型教学方法,是一种以科学探究为主导模式的实验性教学,这种新型的教学方法能够最大程度的激发学生的探索热情,能够在很大程度上与物理教学相契合,使学生能够自觉的探索物理学科的奥秘,培养学生学习物理的主动性和积极性。本文从中学物理的探究性教学出发,阐述其在实施过程中应当注意的问题,并为探究性教学的顺利展开提供有效的实施途径,以便能够为以后相关教学研究提供理论基础。     

Organisational communication and its relationships with occupational stress of primary school staff in Western Australia

Occupational stress is an important issue for most occupations and often arises when the demands of the workplace become excessive or aspects of work are unpleasant. If left unmanaged occupational stress can lead to a range of outcomes that can cost organisations dearly, including burnout, physical sickness, absenteeism and turnover. Some aspects of organisational communication have been identified as potential mediators of stress. However, there have not been many empirical studies involving a comprehensive set of communication variables and their relationships to occupational stress, and nothing much has been done in schools. This means our knowledge of how occupational stress might be reduced through school communication practices is extremely limited. This article reports the results of a quantitative study of the relationships between occupational stress and a range of aspects of organisational communication. Participants were 358 staff members from government schools in the state of Western Australia. Quantitative data was obtained through questionnaire surveys. Results suggest that certain aspects of communication, and in particular load, openness, access to formal and informal channels, cultural and supportive communication were significantly associated with domains of occupational stress for this sample. The article concludes with implications for schools and future study.     

对高中政治探究性教学的思考

政治综合探究课教学的主要价值在于促进学生真正成为学习的主人;促进教师角色转变,由知识传授者转变为学生发展的引导者。促使政治新课程改革加速发展。     

Science laboratory behavior strategies of students relative to performance in and attitude to laboratory work

The relationship between science laboratory behavior strategies of students and performance in and attitude to laboratory work was investigated in an observational study of 160 laboratory sessions involving 600 class five (eleventh grade) biology students. Zero-order correlations between the behavior strategies and outcome measures reveal a set of low to strong relationships. Transmitting information, listening and nonlesson related behaviors exhibited low correlations with practical skills and the attitude measure. The correlations between manipulating apparatus and observation with practical skills measures were found to be strong. Multiple correlation analysis revealed that the behaviors of students in the laboratories observed accounted for a large percentage of the variance in the scores on manipulative skills and a low percentage on interpretation of data, responsibility, initiative, and work habits. One significant canonical correlation emerged. The loadings on this canonical variate indicate that the practical skills measures, i.e., planning and design, manipulative skills and conduct of experiments, observation and recording of data, and attitude to laboratory work made primary contributions to the canonical relationship. Suggestions as to how students can be encouraged to go beyond “cookbook-like” laboratories and develop a more favorable attitude to laboratory work are made.     

Student absences during learning cycle phases: a technological alternative for make-up work in laboratory based high school chemistry

Absences from school present a major obstacle to students' gaining understandings of concepts developed in class. Moreover, teachers' finding effective ways for students to make up missed work is a continual problem, especially for laboratory-based science classes. In an exploratory study, we investigated an alternative procedure for making up missed class work: viewing a quasi-interactive videotaped presentation of missed portions of a learning cycle in chemistry. Two treatment groups were involved. One group of students completed data sheets while watching a videotape, then wrote answers to questions posed by the videotaped instructor. This procedure simulated make-up work. A second group of students participated in a conventional learning cycle: exploration, conceptual invention and concept application. Results demonstrate that teachers can videotape investigations to conveniently and effectively use as make-up assignments for a chemistry learning cycle.     

初中综合理科探究--解决模式的实践研究

1前言从20世纪60年代初到现在,许多国家考虑到为了适应形势发展对人才的要求,对课程改革进行了极其有益的探索,其中较大的改革是把物理、化学、生物、地学理科内容进行拓宽,相互渗透,改为综合理科.