伽利略的趣事

伽利略的功绩不仅只在天学，在力学和机械学中，他发现了摆的等时性原理，发现了自由落体的规律。他还发明了绘图仪。更重要的是伽利略创立了一种科学实验的方法——即实证的方法。现代科学的所有成就都可以说源于实证科学的出现与发展。     

Emergent pedagogy: learning to enjoy the uncontrollable—and make it productive

This essay reflects the shared experiences of four college faculty members (a biologist, a psychologist, a computer scientist, and a feminist literary scholar) working together with K-12 teachers to explore a new perspective on educational practice. It offers a novel rationale for independent thinking and learning, one that derives from rapidly developing interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary inquiries in the sciences and social sciences into what are known as “complex” or “emergent” systems. Using emergent systems as a model of teaching and learning makes at least three significant contributions to our thinking bout teaching, in three very different dimensions. It invites us into an awareness that the brains of individual students and teachers operate as emergent systems that are neither possible nor desirable to control fully. It invites us to appreciate as well that the activities and benefits of a classroom are not all individual interactions between teacher and student. Interactions among students and teachers are collectively contributing to a somewhat unpredictable project with an insistently social dimension, which is in turn crucial to the individual achievements of all involved. Finally, emergent pedagogy encourages us to consider more carefully the relations between the individual classroom and the larger educational community of which it is a component, including a challenge to rethink the matter of assessment.     

教育产业为何不能产业化

本在阐述产业与教育的相互关系的基础上试图论证教育的产业性与非产业性特征，指出当前教育产业化的非适应性和非现实性。     

Critical realism and school effectiveness research in Colombia: the difference it should make

This article draws on the case of academic work produced by Colombian scholars, to address the debate on the persistent failure of policy efforts to improve school effectiveness. Realist meta-theory plays a significant role in this research, because it provides a general framework to identify ontological problems and inconsistencies in empirical and theoretical positions informing policy debates in the country. The analysis focuses on the contributions and weaknesses of empiricism, structuralism and post-structuralism in the work of Colombian scholars, and concludes by arguing for the need to deploy research methodologies that study stratified emergent social processes behind observable educational outcomes.     

Wellbeing: How we make sense of it and what this means for teachers

In this paper, the authors discuss their grounded research carried out with teachers about the wellbeing of teachers. They explore the importance of making the concept of wellbeing more intimate and consider hedonic and eudaimonic ways of looking at wellbeing. They present a model of layered reflection which illuminates key factors that have an impact on the wellbeing of teachers.     

What difference does it make? Children's views of the differences between some quadrilaterals

This paper describes an attempt to explore aspects of the language used in children's written work in a secondary mathematics classroom as a means of assessing their mathematical understanding. It focuses on children's conceptualisations of polygons and their attempts to differentiate between them. It also examines the use of database and concordancing software in deepening our understanding of a potentially major source of students' (mis) conceptions: the published materials they engage with. It describes their usefulness in providing a systematic and efficient method of analysis of materials to explore patterns within them. The method is also used to identify possible sources of students' misconceptions about the properties of polygons based on their likely exposure to potentially misleading examples in published materials. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

研究生院核心竞争力及其提升途径研究

增强我国研究生院竞争力,关键在于培育和提升研究生核心竞争力。研究生院核心竞争力主要决定于其制度创新能力、管理创新能力和知识创新能力,因此加强这几项创新能力是提升我国研究生院核心竞争力的主要途径。     

Paving the way for sustainable educational change: Reconceptualizing what it means to make educational changes that last

This position paper provides an alternative theoretical framework of sustainable second-order educational change. Here, sustainability refers to: 1) substantial changes made that affect the core of educators’ everyday practice; 2) a longitudinal process that begins when educators contemplate making changes and ends when satisfactory achievement on the other characteristics is reached and overt learning efforts are stopped; 3) a process of individual and organizational learning as well as changes in behaviors; resulting in 4) significant positive effects on student outcomes. Thus, this definition focuses on educators and their schools, not on professional development programs. Methodological considerations are provided.     

Not the silver bullet: Learner-generated drawings make it difficult to understand broader spatiotemporal structures in complex animations

Because drawing is a highly successful strategy in learning from text, it has recently been investigated whether drawing can also improve learning from animation. Several theoretical and practical arguments, however, make drawing a questionable strategy for learning from animation. In an experimental study, we investigated the effectiveness of drawing for learning from animation. One group of 26 students had to draw what they had observed in the animation. A second group of 26 students had to reflect on what they had observed in the animation. After learning, all students had to demonstrate their understanding by making use of a physical model. The students' demonstrations were assessed by means of an event unit analysis. More extensive spatiotemporal structures were significantly less recognized by students who drew than by students who reflected. The results suggest that drawing might not be an adequate strategy for learning from visuospatially and spatiotemporally complex animations.     

使别人高兴

一个主日学校（基督教都会为了向儿童灌输宗教思想，在星期天开办的儿童班）的老师在对学生讲使别人高兴的重要性。“现在，孩子们，”她说：“你们当中有谁让别人高兴过？”     

Ban the computer,or make it a storytelling machine. bridging the gap between the children's media culture and pre-school

Children today live in different cultural settings. The pre-school culture is one of them and the media culture outside the pre-school another. These cultures are in different ways characterised by opposite and often even conflicting traditions. This article shows how educators and children handle this dilemma by using interaction as a tool to bring changes into the discourse in an educational setting while making stories in the pre-school by means of the multimedia functions of the computer. The interactional processes from three observations are described. In the discussion a comparison with another study with a constructivist point of departure is made. The comparison between the two studies showed contrasting results. The use of a socio-cultural perspective in the presented project make the context and the community visible, while the other study with its underlying assumptions of individually constructed knowledge make context and community invisible.     

Telling it Like it Is

Abstract

This study examined attitudes about business and the environment in a sample of 237 business students, using a 14-item measurement scale, the Business-Environment Questionnaire. The study also explored the underlying worldview concerning the environment using the New Environmental Paradigm Scale (Dunlap and Van Liere 1978). Overall, the study found the expressed attitudes of the sample to be strongly pro-environmental and primarily related to a concern for the balance of nature. The results appear consistent with the emergence of a “New Environmental Paradigm.” To the extent that attitudes of contemporary business students indicate the future orientation of the business community, corporate policies toward the environment may undergo a considerable shift in the future.     

You can make a difference

Inaccuracies, injustices, bad advice, and insensitivity are irritating. Most of us feel powerless to do anything about such situations or don't have the time or energy to try to make changes. A strategy is described that allows the author to address her concerns. Examples are given of changes that occurred because of her efforts through writing letters. Childbirth educators become aware of policies and situations that need change; as advocates, they are encouraged to take the risk and enjoy the challenge of creating change.