基于SCI引文的物流合作研究网络分析

本文基于社会网络分析方法,利用UCINET软件,以2008-2012年SCI收录的物流论文为基础,对世界物流研究领域的合作研究趋势、跨国家或地区的物流研究合作变化以及主要国家或地区间的合作研究情况进行了分析.研究发现近五年来在物流研究领域研究人员合作比较紧密,美国在物流合作研究领域占据最核心的地位,资源控制能力最强,而中国等亚洲国家的物流研究跨国家或地区的合作也不断增加.     

浅析行政垄断的形成原因

本文通过分析行政垄断的界定,给出行政垄断的定义并分析其普遍性及特殊性,试图回答行政垄断的形成原因.     

石油工业市场集中度问题研究

通常人们习惯把一个国家或地区作为独立的市场来研究,但随着经济国际化程度的日益提高,以往的划分方法已经不能完全准确地反映市场特点。石油作为基础能源,也是一种战略性资源,其配置已经基本上实现了国际化。正如船舶等国际化产品一样,从国家或地区的角度来评价其规模、垄断程度等是不科学的。下面我们从界定市场的因素来分析石油市场的界定问题。     

战略性关键矿产资源供给安全研究综述与展望

战略性关键矿产资源事关人类社会持续发展、在关键领域发挥战略性作用。本文从战略性关键矿产资源的界定与遴选、供给风险评价与预警、供给安全体系优化与政策三方面对当前研究进行了综述。主要结论有：①战略性关键矿产资源是满足国防军事需求与实现战略性关键产业良性发展的原材料,是一个国家或地区主权属性的集中体现,需结合国家或地区发展实际动态遴选战略性关键矿种;②战略性关键矿产资源供给风险具有更强的模糊性与不确定性,战略性关键矿产资源供给风险评价模型的建立面临诸多挑战;③通过全球资源优化配置,完善全球治理体系,是战略性关键矿产资源供给安全体系优化与政策选择的重要方向。从多学科交叉研究供给安全的形成机理,由大数据驱动与全球供给链跟踪明确供给风险评价要素,基于外部冲击因素和内部产业因素结合的视角完善战略性关键矿产资源供给安全政策是未来战略性关键矿产供给安全研究的重要方向。     

用博弈理论解决公用事业垄断行为

从自然垄断性的公用事业的特点客观详细地分析垄断行为存在的利弊,列举了国外对公用事业垄断行为的改革效果,提出我们可以用博弈理念,应对我国的具有自然垄断性的公用事业垄断行为,处理具有自然垄断性的公用事业与社会、民众等各方利益关系。     

中国在国际创新合作网络中的地位和角色——基于2011-2015年国际专利合作的实证研究

随着科技全球化的深入发展,创新合作已经成为国内外研究的前沿和热点议题。本文以包括中国在内的世界40个主要国家2011-2015年的专利国际合作数据为分析对象,运用社会网络分析方法,分析中国在国际创新合作网络中的地位和角色。研究结果表明：中国在国际创新合作网络中的地位稳步提升,已经居于网络的核心地位,并且处于结构洞的位置,但在信息资源的获取和创新合作的开展方面仍然会受到来自美国、德国等发达国家的限制;在全球范围内,中国与欧美日创新合作的联系程度要明显高于其他国家或地区,说明“欧美日”三角框架是中国全球创新合作的重要组成部分,中国在全球创新资源的布局也偏向于这三个区域。     

互联网时代著作权集体管理的垄断性分析

著作权集体管理是具有垄断性特征的一项重要制度。本文从著作权集体管理垄断性的理解、理论支撑和固有缺陷出发,简单分析在互联网时代著作权集体管理的垄断带来的新阻碍。在此基础上,笔者结合外国理论探索和中国当前的法治状况,就这一问题的解决途径和著作权集体管理未来的发展道路提出自己简单的看法。     

长江中游地区矿产资源组合特征及其开发利用对策

长江中游地区具有优良的区位条件和资源开发条件。矿产资源丰富，地域组合良好，特别是黑色金属、有色金属、化工和建材资源，在全国均占有重要地位。区内已逐步形成了一批我国及长江流域钢铁、有色、化工和建材等工业的重要原料基地。本文主要分析了区内矿产资源的组合特征及0长江中游地区、矿产资源、组合特征、开发利用、对策     

田径世锦赛竞争格局分析

当今世界欧洲是世界田径运动发展最好的大洲,欧洲有超过15个国家具备在奥运会或世界田径锦标赛上获得金牌或奖牌的能力,并一直处于国际田径运动竞争的统治地位,欧洲具有整体实力强的特点,但随着世界田径格局的不断发展,欧洲的竞争实力有逐步减弱的迹象;北美洲也是传统田径强国,和欧洲一直处于分庭抗衡的局面,其实力比较强的国家是美国和牙买加,在项目的竞争方面,这两个国家具有垄断和霸主地位,北美洲国家间田径实力发展不均衡;非洲实力也比较强大,并保持稳定的竞争力,其稳定的实力主要来源于在中跑、长跑和马拉松方面超强的传统优势和人才储备;亚洲的竞技实力在逐步增强,除了中国日益增强的实力外,亚洲群雄并起是亚洲实力增强的主要原因,南美洲和大洋洲也有一定的竞争力。国际田径运动的发展正在向多极化方向发展。     

全球矿产资源潜力评价及预测动态研究

由于全球人口的增长以及生活水平的提高,在可预见的未来全球对非燃料矿产资源的需求将会持续增长。对一个国家或地区矿产资源的区位、数量和经济价值的评价是政府和机构十分关心的战略性课题,矿产资源评价是查明矿产资源状况的基本手段,不仅能够为地质工作部署提供决策支撑,而且能够为国家安全、土地利用、资源政策、环境或公共健康安全的决策提供服务。“全球矿产资源潜力评价与预测动态研究”属于地质大调查计划项目“全国矿产资源潜力评价”之工作项目“全国重要矿产资源潜力评价及综合”,由中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所委托中国地质图书馆主持承担。该项目于2010年5月启动,2014年3月结束。项目组详细收集了美国、加拿大、澳大利亚以及欧洲等国家开展矿产资源评价计划、典型案例、矿产资源评价方法体系、技术理论研究以及关键技术应用等方面的文献,并对其进行了整理、编译、分析和总结。该项目由中国地质图书馆黄文斌研究员担任项目负责人,主要完成人有黄文斌、吕鹏、李莉、吴西顺、杜晓慧、赵可录、梁忠和陈晶等。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence