犹太人道主义的乐观精神——读《店员》看马拉默德

美国犹太作家伯纳德.马拉默德在其成名小说《店员》中,以独特的犹太幽默、乐观的笔触描述了一位命运不济却甘愿为人类的罪行而默默“受苦”的愚者形象——犹太老人莫里斯,他用特有的犹太道德品质“救赎”和感染身边所有的人,在逆境和困苦中莫里斯的人性达到了完美境界。小说中“苦难”和“救赎”的意义激起读者对美好生活的憧憬,使读者看到苦海中孕育着的顽强生命力,更体现了作者人道主义仁爱、乐观的人生态度。     

“审美乌托邦”:《店员》和《人性的污点》中的空间理想

犹太作家伯纳德·马拉穆德和菲利普·罗斯写作风格迥异,但其作品《店员》和《人性的污点》都关注犹太移民在美国遇到的现代性困境及空间诉求。《店员》里,莫里斯通过和店员重建"我—你"关系,将杂货店变成精神救赎的场所;《人性的污点》中,科尔曼通过和清洁工佛妮娅的恋爱逃离俗世,使有机农场变成世外桃源。     

“同化”主题下的自我救赎——论艾·巴·辛格的《卢布林的魔术师》

在喧嚣与骚动的年代,辛格是第一位从“小我”走向“大我”的作家,他的小说《卢布林的魔术师》通过主人公雅夏·梅修尔这个犹太魔术师的生活经历,深切的表现了“同化”这一主题,及其在道德观念的起伏间、内心善恶的交锋中,最终实现了灵魂的自我救赎。     

牺牲—救赎在《店员》中的文学表现

马拉默德小说《店员》中的犹太文化母题——牺牲与救赎的这一文学表现,让读者清晰地了解了犹太人的文化和信仰,深刻地显现了马拉默德赋予其作品及犹太文化母题的新内涵。     

从犹太教育的宗教性看美国犹太文学宗教母题

<正>一、美国犹太文学宗教母题(一)美国犹太文学宗教母题代表作这里要阐述的是三位犹太文学巨匠——贝娄、辛格和马拉默德的作品及相关作品分析。这三位犹太作家从不同的角度体现美国犹太文学中的宗教母题。莫里斯是马拉默德的代表作《店员》中的主人公。小说描述的是莫里斯逃离沙皇军队来到美国,开了一个小杂货店。小店里还有一个店员,名叫弗兰克,是个有意大利血统的流浪汉。莫里斯身上有着鲜明的宗教烙印,自己过     

马拉默德的普世之爱——《魔桶》主题解析

美国犹太裔作家伯纳德·马拉默德所著的短篇小说集《魔桶》生动地描写出了在美犹太人遭遇的种种困境。由于马拉默德身份的特殊性，其短篇小说集《魔桶》中处处体现着犹太文化和犹太传统。本文从“同情与宽恕”“受难与救赎”和“犹太身份认同”三个方面来解读《魔桶》，以期使读者更好地了解马拉默德的犹太情结以及他对世界人民命运的深切关注。     

从原型角度看《伙计》中的犹太受难形象

伯纳德·马拉默德的创作深受犹太历史和《旧约》的影响,这是他的作品受到文坛普遍关注的原因之一。本文从《旧约》原型角度入手,对小说《伙计》中莫里斯这一典型的犹太受难形象进行探讨,以期理解作家在小说中受难犹太文化母题的文化构因,并探究马拉默德通过塑造典型的犹太受难形象对社会现实所进行的思考。     

命运轮回转动——简析《追风筝的人》的人性救赎

《追风筝的人》这本书主要以风筝为线,围绕阿米尔和哈桑的友情,讲述了主人公阿米尔在重复的背叛和救赎中得到成长。追寻着阿米尔的救赎之路,读者可以了解到命运的不断轮回,阿米尔的救赎、阿米尔父亲的救赎和拉塞夫的救赎构成了整篇小说的人性救赎。     

现代性的后果与沈从文湘西小说的救赎功能

“现代性”的发展在给社会带来进步、变化的同时,也产生了一些消极的后果,如吉登斯所说的“断裂”和弗洛伊德所说的“文明的代价”。韦伯则认为现代艺术(包括文学)具有对这种后果进行“救赎”的功能。沈从文的“湘西小说”正是通过对湘西世界美好人性和健康自然的生命的揭示,来达到对他的都市小说中暴露出来的现代文明病进行“救赎”的目的。     

人性的游离与回归——索尔·贝娄小说《赫索格》的犹太性解读

索尔·贝娄是美国犹太作家中最具有代表性的作家之一。基于他的犹太身份,"犹太性"是其艺术创作的根基。索尔·贝娄塑造了众多的犹太知识分子形象。这些犹太主人公在以家族关系为基础、自我优越感为核心的犹太文化和以适者生存、个人利益最大化为表现的美国文化之间艰难困苦地生存着。他们一度感到内心的焦虑与彷徨,在现实生活中精神常常处于崩溃的边缘,游离于社会的各个角落。小说中的犹太主人公为找到生命的意义与价值曾做出很多尝试和努力,最终认识到爱的力量和作用,心态逐步得到调整变得积极乐观,并与他人和解,与社会融合,从而找到了生命的真正价值,人性得以回归。本文以贝娄早期小说《赫索格》为对象,从作品中人物及作品主题来解读其犹太性,最后揭示贝娄小说超越民族概念,在关注美国犹太人命运的同时把民族的命运上升为整个人类命运的主题。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.