美国教育博士学位论文改革：理论探索与实践样态

分析了美国教育博士学位论文改革的动因,介绍了近年来美国一些大学改革传统教育博士学位论文形式,推出“行动研究博士论文”、“小组合作研究博士论文”、“论文包”等新的替代形式的实践探索。认为美国高校对教育博士学位论文的改革促进了教育博士专业学位教育特色化发展,同时也为其他国家的相关改革提供了借鉴。     

关于博士学位论文评审有关问题的探讨

通过对博士论文的双向隐名复审结果和相同论文申请博士学位论文答辩前的同行专家评审结果进行比较分析,探讨不同的评审方式对学位论文评价的影响,对如何提高博士学位论文评审质量进行了讨论.     

教育博士的发展定位与培养：场域理论视角

从场域理论视角看,教育博士应该如何发展定位与培养呢？文章首先阐释场域理论及高等教育场域。其次,从哲学逻辑、权力逻辑和行动逻辑三个方面揭示教育博士专业学位的内在逻辑性。最后,就我国现实的教育博士发展定位与培养提出一些思考与建议。     

Preparing Students to Take Online Interactive Courses

Electronic communication and World Wide Web skill levels for graduate students entering a Master of Science in Education degree program with online components were examined before and after completion of an introductory technology skills course. Results indicated that students can identify their weaknesses and can subsequently develop skills for using electronic communication, the World Wide Web, and related activities through an online course designed to prepare them for success in taking subsequent online courses. The findings support views that Web-based courses require some skills that may be new for the student, and that students will require varying degrees of instruction in how to deal with technology-based learning.     

高职毕业设计（论文）的改革途径

针对高职毕业设计（论文）存在的问题,提出改良、突破与革新三种途径。改良型即在维持现状的前提下适当改进,突破型即取消传统的毕业设计（论文）用实践报告取代,革新型即根据个性化需要自由选择。     

高校学生撰写毕业论文指导

一、撰写毕业论文的意义 《中华人民共和国学位条例实行办法》中明确规定:“高等学校本科毕业生完成教学计划的各项要求,经审核予以毕业。其课程学习和毕业论文的成绩表明已较好地掌握本门学科的基础理论、专门知识和基本技能,并且有从事科学研究工作或单独担负专门技术工作的初步能力的,授予学士学位”。据此,高校学生（包括自考、函授以及电大与夜大等）在按要求学完所规定的课程准备毕业前,还必须在教师的指导下独立完成一篇毕业论文（或毕业设计）并进行答辩,经答辩通过后方能准予毕业并授予相应学位。     

如何增强教育博士项目的实践性 ——基于经验学习理论的视角

教育博士专业学位旨在培养教育实践领域高级专门人才。实践性是教育博士项目的主要特征,增强实践性是全球背景下教育博士项目改革的主要趋势,但在如何增强实践性这一问题上还有诸多争议。教育博士项目的实践性最终是通过教育博士研究生专业实践能力的发展和提高体现出来的。借助Kolb的经验学习理论,认为教育博士研究生专业实践能力的提高是理论与实践之间互动的递进过程,在培养过程中需要经历体验、反思、生产和应用四个阶段,从而构成一个“培养环”。根据相关研究和改革实践,课程内容的实用性、创新型教学方法、基于实际问题解决的研究训练以及导师对学生的专业实践指导是影响教育博士项目实践性的重要因素。据此提出了增强教育博士项目实践性的主要途径。     

Preparing School Counselors to Work With Students With Disabilities

Recent literature has demonstrated increasing roles for school counselors who work with students with disabilities, but it has also suggested that school counselors are not being adequately prepared to work with these students. In this research study, the authors investigated current courses and experiences focusing on disabilities offered in school counselor education programs. Results from the 137 participants suggest that school counselor education programs are incorporating more disability content into their training programs than they were in the past. Some disability content areas are included significantly more frequently in disability courses than in counseling program courses. Conclusions and implications are discussed.     

教育博士研究生教育的实践性及其强化

对国外教育博士发展历史,以及教育博士与哲学博士区别的研究,显示实践性是教育博士的显著特征。重视大学与工作场所和职业之间的联系,重视提升学生对职业实践问题的理论反思、研究能力与问题解决能力,是教育博士研究生培养的重要特色。通过问卷和访谈调查我国教育博士研究生培养状况,结果发现当前教育博士研究生在专业理论知识和研究方法教育上表现良好,但在科研实践能力和职业实践能力训练上比较薄弱,教育博士研究生培养表现出一定的学术化倾向。     

国外教育博士专业学位教育对我国的启示及未来展望

教育博士专业学位在我国刚刚起步,亟需国外先进经验的借鉴与指导.本文在了解我国教育博士专业学位现状的基础上,从培养目标、招生对象、培养方式、课程设置、毕业要求等方面分析了国外教育博士专业学位教育对我国的启示,并对我国教育博士专业学位教育的未来发展进行了展望.     

关于教育博士(Ed.D.)培养方案的构想

Ed.D.是专业式教育博士(Professional Doctorate in Education)的缩写,是教育领域中的一种高级专业学位,旨在培养教育领域"研究型的专业人员"。该学位兼具实践性和高水平理论运用的两大特征,这两大特征要求教育博士的培养目标必须以实务为基本取向,努力培养学生丰富的理论底蕴、广阔的实践视野、独立的研究能力和扎实的专业技能。为保证这一目标的达成,教育博士的培养制度需要具备一定的灵活性,课程设置必须以实践问题为中心,开展有价值的"问题研讨课程",同时采用互动、参与的教学方式,充分调动学生的积极性,发挥学生的实践智慧。     

博士学位论文评价体系的统计分析与合理制定

博士学位论文评价体系是评价或衡量博士学位论文质量的尺度,对博士学位论文的质量有着重要的导向作用和评价作用.通过对我国46个研究生院高校的博士学位论文评价体系的评价内容及其所占分值进行统计分析,提出了制定博士学位论文评价体系的标准性、导向性和操作性三项原则.在此基础上,制定了一个符合三项原则的、合理的博士学位论文评价体系.     

博士学位论文同行评议的实证分析及探索性建议

博士学位论文应经同行评议,这是我国学位条例的规定,也是各高校的通行做法。同行评议方式一般分为两种：由院系组织的明审和由校研究生管理部门组织的盲审。盲审因其规避了人情、关系等因素干扰获得优势,但也存在着因评议人对学科熟悉度的差异等原因而产生误判、错判的问题。本文通过对某高校近两年博士学位论文的同行评议数据进行比较、分析,认为最好的解决路径应是完善制度设计,从而更好地体现两者的价值。     

我国教育博士专业学位研究生招生工作的思考

从2010年开始,北京大学等15所研究生培养单位将开始教育博士专业学位(Ed.D.)试点招生工作.对于我国来说,这是一个新型的博士学位.在研究了15个试点高校的招生简章、相关招生政策、文件及结合招生工作经验的基础上,提出我国教育博士专业学位招生工作中突出的几个问题:招生指标调控过紧、招生领域如何逐渐开放以及与教育硕士招生领域的衔接、招生对象和报考条件不明确、入学外语水平考试如何把握、招生宣传的重点、招生与培养目标的一致性.认为教育博士专业学位的招生需要结合培养目标、社会需求和学校发展来进行.     

关于美国对教育博士争论的思考

对美国关于教育博士的争论的焦点实质与根源进行分析。认为争论只是表象,争论的焦点反映了理论与实践之间的张力,争论的实质是高等教育目的与功能的分合,争论的根源是质量观与文化观的差异,争论本身反映了美国文化和民族精神。争论有助于维护教育博士专业学位的本质及符合其自身规律的发展。     

Preparing Students for the Honours Challenge

Abstract

This article examines the growth of an element of compulsion in UK adult vocational training. It traces a change from learner‐centred approaches in adult education in the nineteen‐sixties and early nineteen‐seventies, to the more employer‐focused ideas promoted by a state dominated and financed system.

It explores the rationale behind the compulsion of adults on to training schemes, but questions the morality and validity of these arguments on the grounds that they will prove counter‐productive to the intellectual developments of the adults concerned in the long term.     

The Ph.D. versus the Ed.D.: Time for a decision

In this study, U.S. institutions that offer doctoral programs in education were surveyed and institutional catalogues of the past decade were reviewed to determine trends regarding the Ph.D. versus the Ed.D. Results of the study showed that (a) there is no clear institutional movement toward one degree title or the other; (b) research universities are increasingly reluctant and comprehensive colleges and universities are increasingly likely to offer the Ed.D. as their only doctoral degree title, and (c) requirements for the two doctoral titles are remarkably similar, including competencies in research and statistics. Findings are discussed in relation to three common positions of those who favor the Ed.D. over the Ph.D.: (a) the professional school argument, (b) the unification argument, and (c) the autonomy argument. The article concludes with a call for increased national dialogue to strengthen the education profession by reducing confusion between its two doctoral degree titles.Russell T. Osguthorpe, Associate Dean of Brigham Young University's College of Education, has done research in special education, instructional design and technology, and teacher education. He is presently responsible for graduate programs, research, and technology in the College. Dr. Osguthorpe received his education at Brigham Young University. Mei Jiuan Wong, a doctoral candidate in the Department of Instructional Science, Brigham Young University, has done research on instructional design and technology and teacher education. She is currently completing her dissertation on decision making in instructional design.     

A Network Approach to Preparing Underrepresented Students: The LEAD Model

Results are reported from an empirical study of an interorganizational collaboration to prepare underrepresented students for elite postsecondary education and beyond. The LEAD (Leadership Education and Development) Program in Business is an initiative involving twelve U.S. universities, nearly forty multinational corporations, a federal government agency, and a nonprofit organization working together to introduce students to business education and careers in business. This article analyzes the conditions that give rise to the collaboration, its essential structural characteristics, and the consequences that flow from it.