基于技术经济范式的黄河流域农业文明演进

找出推动文明演进的内在核心要素是大力推进新时期生态文明建设的关键。本文从技术经济范式变革的视角构建了一个“技术—组织—环境”的分析框架,探讨了黄河流域农业文明的演进过程与内在机理。研究表明：①农业技术经济范式的变革是农业文明演进的根本动力,它包括以人为主体的农业通用技术的革命,生产组织方式的变化以及农业地理环境的变迁;②黄河流域农业文明的演进呈现明显的阶段性,可划分为新石器时代木石锄耕农业文明、青铜时代金属器锄耕农业文明、铁器时代精耕细作农业文明、机器时代工业化农业文明和计算机时代信息生态农业文明五个阶段;③农业文明的演进呈螺旋式上升,其形态的演变是农业技术经济范式三组分及其带来的生产力和生产关系之间协同创新和协同演化的结果;④促进技术经济范式的绿色化转型是生态文明建设的关键内核。建设以绿色信息技术为核心的资源节约、环境友好的信息生态农业文明将是未来农业文明的发展方向。     

第四纪冰冻圈——全球变化长尺度研究

第四纪是以大冰期为标志的最新地质历史时期。这个大冰期的基本特征是轨道尺度的冰期-间冰期交替及亚轨道尺度的冰阶-间冰阶变化。现在是比较温暖的间冰期,冰川只覆盖陆地面积的10%。而在冰期最盛时,冰川覆盖全球陆地面积的30%,冻土扩展,气候干旱,风沙盛行,海平面降低130—150 m,植被向低纬度收缩10o以上,垂直带谱下移1 000 m以上。冰期天文理论成功解释了冰期-间冰期循环周期问题,但还存在诸多挑战。第四纪也是古人类向现代人发展的时期。古人类诞生于东非,约200万年前曾向欧亚大陆有限扩散,但一直到了末次间冰期才大规模扩散;尤其在随后的末次冰期中,人类更是借助于大陆桥扩散到美洲和澳洲。新仙女木事件后,气候变暖,人类进入细石器时代并逐渐过渡到农业社会。工业革命开始,人类发展深刻影响到了地球的自然进程,导致全球变暖,预示着一个"人类纪"的到来。     

从贺州战国墓看百越青铜文化的继承与创新

贺州出土的青铜器量多而型美,在广西考古史上实属罕见。这些青铜器是凝固的历史,更是沉默的文化字符,蕴藏着贺州百越时期的民俗信仰、冶炼技术等诸多文化元素。贺州青铜器是新石器时代模制技术与金属采冶、浇铸技术相结合的集大成者,体现了百越精神的继承与创新。     

技术控制主义的思想渊源及其流变

作为当代技术哲学中一种新的技术理念的技术控制主义,具有其产生的历史渊源,并在发展中经历着思想内容的变化。手工工具技术时代,在技术以伦理道德为目标并遵循＂适中＂原则的要求中,体现了对技术进行控制的思想萌芽。蒸汽-机器技术时代,对技术进行控制的意识开始觉醒。电气技术时代,随着技术问题的凸显,技术悲观主义盛行,对技术进行控制成了一种理性诉求。自动化技术时代,技术控制主义开始逐渐成为一种新的技术理念,对技术进行控制成了人们的共识。进入21世纪以来,对技术进行有效控制的手段问题得到了深入思考。     

Azilian pebbles: an unsolved mystery

The end of the Ice Age (c. 9–8000 BC) in the French Pyrenees and other European areas is characterised by, among other things, the production of enigmatically decorated pebbles. Many theories concerning their function have been put forward. A recent analysis indicates that the decoration is non-random, and may represent some sort of notation.     

The prehistoric rock paintings of the Sahara

The magnificent rock paintings in the Sahara are widely known—the ‘Round Head’ figures; the enigmatic compositions; and the great herds that are encountered from the Tassili to the Aïr. However, each new expedition still brings new discoveries which call into question what was previously believed. The author of this article analyses the different styles of Saharan rock painting, warning against rash interpretations. His analysis of the pastoral phase in the light of ethnographic evidence establishes an interesting relationship between the Neolithic herdsmen of the Sahara and the Peuls, the herdsmen from the bend of the Niger who are assumed to have migrated during the desiccation of the Sahara.     

Survival of occult practices and ideas in modern common sense

For a long time rationalism and materialism were the most important ideological undercurrents of the Western world. Since the Enlightenment, in the eighteenth century, they have influenced the Age of Reason. During the past few decades, the so-called New Age originated strong counter-movements have produced a huge number of different new world-views. They are to be considered as part of the wide field of occultism, and run out in different directions. The belief in angels and in the power of fate, the communication with the dead, and the conviction of a life after death are all expressions of a desire to transcend and of a search for higher powers that watch over each person. Additionally, helpers and healers have created a marketplace to promote esoteric services. Media usage, the need to transcend and this new market interested in the magical signal a new era of consciousness in which reason and technology do not contradict mysticism and the transmission of wisdom: these go, instead, hand in hand.     

能源、市场和市场失灵

<正>1两大概念:市场和市场失灵能源对人类历史、文明以及社会制度都有重要影响。能源历史变迁与相关技术创新对人类技术进步和文明发展也具有深远意义。能源经济学研究本身具有跨学科性。为了制定一个合适的学科框架,需要从能源研究的重要概念出发来描述相关学科。对非经济学家来说,描述能源经济学并非     

资源识取与新创企业成长的动态匹配机制研究

结合资源基础理论、社会网络理论和生命周期理论,深入分析在初创期和成长期,资源识取与新创企业绩效的动态匹配机制。研究结果表明,互补性资源和相似性地位以及二者的交互作用均对新创企业绩效有正向影响,新创企业年龄对这些影响关系有不同的调节作用。在初创期,互补性资源对新创企业绩效的影响更明显;在成长期,相似性地位对新创企业绩效的影响更明显,而且在成长期相似性地位会有效促进互补性资源对新创企业绩效的影响效应。研究结论对新创企业如何根据不同发展阶段特点有目的和有针对性的去识别和获取资源有重要的实践启示,并丰富和深化了资源整合理论与新创企业成长决定因素理论。     

我国机构知识库网络影响力研究

本文鉴于大数据时代机构知识库对于保存及共享科研成果,利用网络实现自由传播的重要意义,对我国内地及港澳台地区机构知识库网站的网络影响力进行指标评价,除了应用网络影响力的多项基础指标外,还引入SEO分析。根据最终结果,本文运用TOPSIS法对网站进行排名,并对内地、台湾及港澳地区的机构知识库进行比较分析,找出内地机构知识库现存的问题。本文建议要加大政府干预力度,改变重建设轻维护的现状,重视SEO优化,重视规范化与标准化建设机构库,尽快与国际接轨。     

论《返老还童》中的时间意识

弗·司·菲茨杰拉德是20世纪文学史上一位重要的作家,是一位具有传奇色彩、被西方文学评论界誉为"迷惘一代"代言人、"爵士时代""桂冠诗人"、优秀"编年史家"的杰出小说家。通过其代表作《返老还童》中奇妙的人生倒置情节,分析作者的时间意识,以及这种时间意识所反映的人生观、爱情观和时代烙印。     

网络会计的发展及必须化解的风险

在我们跨入21世纪之际,由现代信息技术,特别是网络技术引发的全球信息化浪潮冲击着传统社会生产的每一个角落,网络化、数字化、知识化已成为时代的主旋律。网络时代改变了整个社会的生产结构和劳动结构,打破了传统的企业管理模式和会计模式,由此,也动摇了传统会计理论的框架,网络时代的会计也必将反映出与当今时代会计不同的特征。本文拟对网络会计的发展及必须化解的风险作一浅探。     

The ‘language’ of informatics: The nature of information systems

This is the second paper in a series examining the fundamental nature of informatics. The aim of the current paper is to provide a more detailed account of the concept of an information system based upon an earlier paper entitled Informatics and the Inca. The paper also builds upon the content of the first paper in this series entitled Neolithic Informatics: The Nature of Information. We ground the discussion in a significant case from the Second World War: that of the Warning Network. The Warning Network was a system that contributed to victory of the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain. Through examination of this case we establish the idea of an information system as a semi-formal ‘language’ necessary for the coordination and control of activity in various forms of human organization.     

数字时代情报学理论与实践视域之巨著评析

通过运用科学和哲学的思维,借助归纳法、逻辑推理法和内容分析法,对《数字时代情报学理论与实践——从信息服务走向知识服务》进行分析。通过对主标题关键字进行分类,借助基本的数理统计知识,对著作各章的主标题关键字进行了词频统计分析,确定了著作的核心知识领域。最终将《数字时代情报学理论与实践——从信息服务走向知识服务》一书的评价结果与业界共享。     

Technology,knowing and learning

Fluidity in the transfer of knowledge is rightly touted, because the pace of work rewards businesses that know what they know – and know it right away. Companies are, therefore, understandably eager to exploit technology in new knowledge management systems. Business leaders should recognize, however, that new technology never grants its bounty freely: it exacts a cost when it amplifies our abilities. Increasingly, the tools of the Information Age are encouraging us to learn just enough, just in time. Such shallow learning may have unfortunate consequences for business.     

Information technology and the developing world: Opportunities and obstacles

Abstract

The developing countries, although not homogeneous, share a growing recognition of the importance of information technology for fostering the development process. Rapid advancements in computer and telecommunications technologies offer new opportunities for improved resource management and for the successful employment of these tools in rural areas. Although developing nations have responded enthusiastically to the advantages of modem information technology, they are equally cognizant of the negative impact that reliance on foreign technology and services may have. As a result, developing countries are taking a number of actions—at the national, regional, and international levels—to ensure their active participation in the emerging Information Age.     

论建立基本养老保险个人账户基金市场化运营管理制度

文章论证了在基本养老保险个人账户做实的政策下，个人账户基金市场化运营的必要性和可行性，并提出了基金市场化运营的制度构想。认为，个人账户基金按市场的原则配置，追求社会平均收益率既是养老制度的内在要求，也是市场经济发展的外部要求；养老保险体制的发展及中国资本市场的发展为养老基金市场化运营提供了有利条件和难得的机遇。建议建立省级社会保障基金委员会作为个人账户受托人，并实行受托人决策下的、委托投资管理人进行的规范化、专业化、市场化运营的基金管理体制。     

短视频产业场景式服务及其价值创造路径研究

[目的/意义]探析"场景时代"背景下短视频产业场景式服务及其价值创造路径。[方法/过程]从场景理论视角,探析短视频产业场景式服务逻辑、过程与功能,提出实现短视频产业场景式服务的价值取向及创造路径,并基于多案例的研究方法对短视频产业的场景式服务及其价值创造路径予以实证。[结果/结论]短视频产业场景式服务作为未来"场景时代"信息服务的新业态,将成为信息服务转型发展的新实践。     

论园区的信息管理创新

置身于信息时代,信息资源已成为园区经济的生命线,如何避免因信息管理落后而沦为边缘园区(MarginalityPark),如何在日趋激烈的竞争中获得主动权,如何在信息化推动工业化的跨越式发展的同时获取园区竞争的新优势,成为摆在园区管理者面前的紧迫课题。本文从国内外园区信息化建设的背景起笔,在分析有关园区信息管理创新案例的基础上,提出了园区信息管理创新的"数字园区信息圈"和Web GIS、Web MIS数字园区技术解决方案。