西南民族地区科技校本课程开设现状调研及反思

基于问卷调查及访谈,对云南、贵州、四川及重庆等民族地区的中学科技校本课程开设现状进行了调查研究。结果显示：西南民族地区大多数中学都开设了科技校本课程,其中开设劳动技术课程比例最大,其次为科学知识、科学实验、科学史、科技与社会、科技制作、研究性学习等课程。研究还表明,具有民族特色的校本课程开设还不够丰富,这说明西南民族地区在挖掘本地科技课程资源方面还有较大的空间。

Abstract：

Through questionnaires and interviews,an investigation was conducted to study the present situation of school-based science courses at middle schools in ethnic regions of Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and Chongqing.The results showed that school-based science courses have been opened at most middle schools in southwest ethnic regions.Among the courses,labor technique course takes up the largest proportion,followed by courses of scientific knowledge,scientific experiment,history of science,science and society,scientific craft,research learning.While,there are not many school-based courses with ethnic characteristics,which shows that there is still a large room for exploration of local resources of science course in the southwest region.     

关于少数民族地区师资均衡配置的理论构想

实现少数民族地区师资队伍的均衡配置是民族教育均衡发展的客观要求和根本保障。从当前民族地区师资队伍结构的现状分析来看,无论在数量上,还是在质量上都存在着较为严重的失衡状态。本文尝试从少数民族地区师资均衡配置的政策建构、建立民族地区教师特殊津贴制度、建立适应少数民族地区需求的教师培训机制等方面,提出有助于民族地区师资均衡配置的理论构想。

Abstract：

A balanced allocation of teachers in ethnic minority regions is the demand of and guarantee for balanced development of ethnic education.An analysis of the current teaching body structure in ethnic regions shows that there is a serious imbalance in terms of both quantity and quality of teachers.This paper attempts to put forward theoretical ideas to help realize balanced allocation of teachers in ethnic regions from aspects of making policies,setting up a special subsidy system for teachers in ethnic regions and building a teachers＇ training system to meet the needs of ethnic regions.     

An Experimental Design--Role of Daily Report in Improving MiddlSchool Students’ Speaking Ability

At present, the common problem in English teaching of middle schools is that students lack of good oral communication skills. In order to improve students' communicative competence, we put forward the research topic of"using daily report to im?prove English speaking skills of middle school students". After doing this, the students' classroom learning atmosphere is active, and the enthusiasm for participating in teaching activities is significantly improved, and they are willing to speak or communicate with students or foreign friends. At the same time, it promotes the teaching level and scientific research level of teachers.     

Effective teaching methods-- Project-based learning in physics

The paper presents results of the research of new effective teaching methods in physics and science. It is found out that it is necessary to educate pre-service teachers in approaches stressing the importance of the own activity of students, in competences how to create an interdisciplinary project. Project-based physics teaching and learning seems to be one of the most effective methods for teaching science for understanding. It is necessary to provide in-service teachers instruction （seminars） and prepare sample projects with proposals how to develop, run and evaluate interdisciplinary projects. Projects are important ＂real-world＂ physics modules, modern physics and everyday life problems can be integrated into the high school curriculum. Examples of projects that were worked out are presented.     

Analysis on the Effective Development System of Curriculum Resources

Development of curriculum resources is the key event in the new curriculum implementation. There are several vital means to promote the effective development of curriculum resources, including establishing systematic outlook of curriculum resources that is the trinity of persons, contents and processes; strengthening the entire exploitation of school-based curriculum development, school-based teaching research, school-based teachers＇ advanced study; setting up communicating, understanding, stimulating and safeguarding mechanism for effective development of curriculum resources.     

Analysis on the Application of Experiential Learning in Junior Middle School English Teaching

With the implementation of the New Standards for English Curriculums and the reformation of the educational system,many teachers have begun to focus on students’learning process and experience.However,the phenomenon of students’passive learning also exists.Facing such situation,it is imperative to change students’learning ways.Experiential learning,as a new way of learning has been widely recognized as an effective approach in learning.Therefore,in order to change students’learning ways,improve their comprehensive English level and learning interest,it is important for teachers to apply the experiential learn ing in English teaching,thus,improving the current situation of junior middle school English teaching.     

The Application of Game Teaching Method in Spoken English Teaching in Primary School

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the present situation of game teaching method in primary school,to find out the problems in the application of game teaching method and to forward the corresponding solutions.From the current development of English education,it has become a development trend to add games in teaching,Therefore,the paper advocates that English teach?ers in primary school use game teaching method to stimulate students’interest in learning spoken English.This thesis consists of three parts.Chapter one is an analysis the concept of game teaching method.Chapter two describes and analysis the problems in spoken English teaching in primary school.The final chapter puts forward some principles and measures to help primary school English teachers to improve students’spoken English ability.     

Maximizing the usage of technology-enhanced teaching and learning of science and mathematics in English program in the Malaysian secondary schools system

This research is attempting to examine the effectiveness in the application of ICT （information and communication technology） and standardize courseware in ETeMS （English for Teaching Mathematics and Science） or PPSMI （Pengajaran and Pembelajaran Sains and Matematic dalam Bahasa Inggeris） in English program in the Malaysian secondary school system. Five dimensions of secondary school （type of school, demographic, leadership quality, teaching and learning culture, and teachers＇ personal and working experience） were examined to determine the maximizing usage of TEC （technology-enhanced classroom） in the learning program. In general, there is a significant difference among factors stated above with maximizing usage of TEC in teaching and learning of science and mathematics in English program. The learning culture is also closely related. In addition, the school and teaching staff are another two essential factors found to be the strong fundamental of maximizing the usage of technology in TEC teaching and learning with towering quality. This study represents an addition to the extant literature on maximizing the usage of technology-enhanced teaching and learning towards the excellence of education in the secondary school system. The maximizing usage of TEC teaching and learning environment within the secondary school system is pivotal towards achieving high quality human capital and improving the efficiency and integrity of technology-enhanced learning of science and mathematics in English program. This study provides further groundwork to assist existing education managers to improve work quality and deliver the maximizing usage of TEC teaching and learning towards the excellence in secondary education.     

新中国60年民族教育观的变迁与创新

新中国成立60年来,党和国家对民族教育的认识日益深化。在民族教育价值论方面,党和政府不仅重视民族教育对于实现民族平等、增进民族团结和维护国家统一的意义,而且强调了其对于民族地区经济社会发展的价值,将其视为促进民族地区政治、经济、文化、社会和谐发展的基础性工程;在民族教育方法论方面,强调民族教育的改革与发展要实事求是,从民族和民族地区实际出发,因民族、因地区制宜;在民族教育发展战略思路方面,强调要加大对民族教育的投入与扶持力度、实施＂低重心＂的发展战略、大力发展民族师范教育培育合格民族师资、加强对民族教育的组织领导。新中国建立以来民族教育观念的创新与更新,为新中国民族教育的发展提供了认识基础。

Abstract：

In sixty years after the founding of New China,the Party and the state have deepened understanding of ethnic education.In value theory of ethnic education,our party and the state not only attach importance to significance of ethnic education in realizing ethnic equality,enhancing national unity and protecting national integrity,but also lay stress on its value in economic and social development of ethnic regions and regard it as the basic project of promoting harmonious development in politics,economy,culture and society of ethnic regions.In methodology of ethnic education,stress is laid in carrying out reform and development according to reality of ethnic groups and ethnic regions.In development strategy of ethnic education,the emphasis is put on increasing input and support for ethnic education,implementing development strategy of＂low barycentre＂,developing ethnic normal education to cultivate qualified ethnic teachers,and strengthening leadership for ethnic education.Since the founding of New China,innovation and change in ethnic education concept have provided basic understanding for the development of ethnic education in China.     

西北民族地区义务教育教师多元文化素养现状调查

对西北民族地区6个县级行政区605名义务教育教师进行调查后发现:教师的多元文化素养整体上处于中等水平,还有较大提升空间;教师的多元文化态度水平较高,但多元文化知识和能力有所不足;教师的多元文化素养在城乡、职称、是否担任班主任、所学专业、民族背景等方面均存在一定差异。据分析,民族之间的交往交流交融和教师的教育经历与学习状况是导致上述差异的重要原因。基于此,可采取以下措施提升民族地区教师的多元文化素养:创造民族之间实质性接触机会,促进跨文化互动与交往;在教师教育中体现多元文化素养的培养;深化对不同民族学生学习特点和教学的研究;鼓励教师进行民族文化教育资源和校本课程的开发与利用。     

京族学校校本课程开发的影响因素分析

京族是我国人口较少民族之一。2002年以来,广西东兴市京族学校开设了京族乡土教材、越南语听说等校本课程。调查发现,京族学校的校本课程开发主要受政策执行、课程管理、教材使用、师资水平及社会参与等内外因素影响。这些因素的产生和发展往往不是单一的,它们错综地纠合在一起,反映了校本课程开发的复杂程度。应以加强地方政府职责、制订《课程标准》、开发乡土教材、提高教师能力、鼓励社会参与为对策,切实推进人口较少民族地区的校本课程开发。     

西南边疆少数民族地区中学教师教学效能感特点的研究

采用问卷法对西南边疆少数民族地区的919名中学教师的教学效能感进行研究，结果表明：1．西南边疆地区中学教师的个人教学效能感显高于总体效能感、一般教育效能感水平；2．随着教龄的增加，教学效能感的总体水平及其包括的因素均呈小波浪式上升：3．教师不同民族、性别、所教年级等在教学效能感及其包含的因素式差异均不显；4．西南边疆中学教师的教学效能感与内地教师的教学效能感有其共同性与差异性。     

少数民族地区优秀中学英语教师的定位

何谓少数民族地区优秀中学英语教师,值得我们深思.文章从三个方面论述少数民族地区优秀中学英语教师问题,认为少数民族地区中学英语教师主要缺乏民族特性,针对少数民族地区的生源特点,阐述具备少数民族地区优秀中学英语教师的理论前提,并提出少数民族地区优秀中学英语教师的定位.     

黑龙江乌拉嘎鄂伦春族学校民族文化传承调查

以黑龙江省乌拉嘎镇鄂伦春民族小学为研究对象,从民族文化课程资源开发、民族文化课程设置、民族文化课程校本研究等三个方面,对基础教育课程改革之后民族小学利用民族文化校本课程进行民族文化传承的现状进行了调查,指出了民族学校在民族文化传承过程中存在的主要困难与迷茫,并提出了相应的对策。     

基于过渡语言理论看对待错误的态度--以民族地区中学英语教学为例

过渡语是学生在外语学习过程中形成的介于母语和目的语之间的一种过渡性语言,是一种过渡语错误,在教师的正确引导下,随着学生语言水平的提高可以得到不断的修正与完善。因而,教学中如何有效处理和对待语言错误对学生的学习将产生重要影响。通过问卷和访谈的方式,对民族地区中学英语教学中师生对待错误的观念和态度展开调查,目的是发现现有教学中师生在对待语言错误上存在的问题,并结合问题提出改进建议。     

民族地区高师中学物理实验教学法的教学模式探讨

物理学是一门以实验为基础的科学,实验教学质量的高低影响着物理教学的效果。为提高民族地区农村中学物理教学质量,作者对民族地区农村中学物理实验教学的现状进行分析研究,总结了适合民族地区高师中学物理实验教学法的教学模式,对深化实验教学改革、培养适应民族地区教育的中学物理教师具有一定的作用。经几届学生的实践教学证明,学生的中学物理实验教学能力和实验室管理能力等得到了提高。     

关于贵州民族地区农村小规模学校学区化校本研修示范区建设的思考

提升民族地区农村小规模学校教学质量的关键首推教师专业化发展,“以校为本”的教学研究已成为提高学校教学质量、促进教师专业发展的基本途径.然而,贵州民族地区农村小规模学校由于社会、经济、文化以及历史和地理等因素的影响和制约,其校本教研的开展大多处于一种低层次、低水平和低效率的发展状态.因此,发挥乡镇中心小学或九年义务学校的核心地位和作用,借助有关高校的师资力量和研究团队提供专业服务,以点带面,尽快建成一定数量的贵州民族地区农村小规模学校学区化校本研修示范区,以带动民族地区农村小规模学校教师专业化程度普遍提高、教学质量的整体提升,是民族地区农村小规模学校发展的必由之路.     

新疆少数民族贫困地区农村学校校本课程开发的几点思考——以和田地区墨玉县托乎拉乡初中校本课程开发为例

通过对新疆和田地区典型的贫困维吾尔族聚居村——墨玉县托乎拉乡初中的校本课程开发状况的调查研究，分析了南疆少数民族贫困地区农村基础教育阶段校本课程开发的现状及成因，阐释了校本课程开发要立足于当地社会经济文化发展需要和少数民族学生身心发展规律。     

民族地区农村小学英语教师专业素质调查

通过对安顺市少数民族地区农村小学英语教师教学状况的问卷调查和个案访谈结果的分析研究,可得出这样的结论:少数民族地区农村小学英语教师的专业素质亟待提高.少数民族地区农村小学英语教师素质的提高,可通过校际交流,加强高校专业建设,以及中小学英语教师在职培训等方式来实现.